Text in German / Summary in English / Max Frisch's work centres around the question of authenticity of the individual, of true self-identity. It is difficult and problematic if ever possible to discover the true inner self. Stereotypical thinking, prejudice as well as societal demands, rules and norms are great obstacles in the way for attaining this goal. Frisch's protagonists fail in one or another way. The emphasis lies therefore not in the answer but rests on the questions as to why and how failure occurred and contemplate possible alternatives. The message is: the task is arduous, never completed. The goal lies in the process rather than in the end. It is a continuous struggle, appraisal and renewal resulting in raising awareness and consciousness and thus find more true and independent solutions. Frisch's work is an appeal to the public to take charge, to exercise one's choices wisely and to act with love and responsibility / Classics & Modern European Languages / M. A. (German)

<p>У романима Књига о Бламу и Употреба човека Александра Тишме доминантне теме јесу рат и судбина човека у рату, а посебно јеврејског човека. Говорити о романима Александра Тишме значи најпре говорити о трагању за идентитетом, о неприпадању и усамљености у свету који се доживљава као непрекидно страдање, као опасност, страховање, као трагање за безбедним местом за живот, да би се напослетку схватило да такво место не постоји, да су свуда само јед и патња. Ликови ових романа живе у тешким ратним околностима, али они носе још теже бреме јеврејске судбине, или у својим коренима једнако проблематичну подељеност, подвојеност између хришћанства и јудаизма. У оба случаја, свесни су своје издвојености, обележености пореклом које свакога часа може бити означено као непожељно за живот у заједници. Стога, стрепња и тескоба стални су пратиоци њихових судбина. У складу са овом поставком, Тишма анализира различите облике преживљавања у ратном и послератном добу (од мирења са злом, пасивности, трпљења, понижења, преко отпора, освете, насиља, све до поражавајућег сазнања да &bdquo;зло рађа зло&rdquo;) указујући на феномене времена у којем живимо. Аутор с горчином преиспитује постојање хуманистичких принципа у оваквом свету, као и улогу литературе у читавом процесу. Трагајући у својим романима, пре свега, за истином у свим аспектима живота, Тишма долази до сазнања да су насиље и зло неодвојиви део човекове природе, и то сазнање нуди као датост, као непомериву&nbsp;чињеницу. Улога књижевности јесте да разбија илузије, да подсећа на преживљено, да сведочи о ратним догађајима у светлу уверења да оно што није записано &ndash; не постоји.</p> / <p>U romanima Knjiga o Blamu i Upotreba čoveka Aleksandra Tišme dominantne teme jesu rat i sudbina čoveka u ratu, a posebno jevrejskog čoveka. Govoriti o romanima Aleksandra Tišme znači najpre govoriti o traganju za identitetom, o nepripadanju i usamljenosti u svetu koji se doživljava kao neprekidno stradanje, kao opasnost, strahovanje, kao traganje za bezbednim mestom za život, da bi se naposletku shvatilo da takvo mesto ne postoji, da su svuda samo jed i patnja. Likovi ovih romana žive u teškim ratnim okolnostima, ali oni nose još teže breme jevrejske sudbine, ili u svojim korenima jednako problematičnu podeljenost, podvojenost između hrišćanstva i judaizma. U oba slučaja, svesni su svoje izdvojenosti, obeleženosti poreklom koje svakoga časa može biti označeno kao nepoželjno za život u zajednici. Stoga, strepnja i teskoba stalni su pratioci njihovih sudbina. U skladu sa ovom postavkom, Tišma analizira različite oblike preživljavanja u ratnom i posleratnom dobu (od mirenja sa zlom, pasivnosti, trpljenja, poniženja, preko otpora, osvete, nasilja, sve do poražavajućeg saznanja da &bdquo;zlo rađa zlo&rdquo;) ukazujući na fenomene vremena u kojem živimo. Autor s gorčinom preispituje postojanje humanističkih principa u ovakvom svetu, kao i ulogu literature u čitavom procesu. Tragajući u svojim romanima, pre svega, za istinom u svim aspektima života, Tišma dolazi do saznanja da su nasilje i zlo neodvojivi deo čovekove prirode, i to saznanje nudi kao datost, kao nepomerivu&nbsp;činjenicu. Uloga književnosti jeste da razbija iluzije, da podseća na preživljeno, da svedoči o ratnim događajima u svetlu uverenja da ono što nije zapisano &ndash; ne postoji.</p> / <p>In the novels The Book of Blam and The Use of Man by Aleksandar Ti&scaron;ma dominant themes are war and the destiny of man in war, especially Jewish man. To talk about the novels of Aleksandar Ti&scaron;ma primarily means to talk about the quest for identity, about rootlessness and loneliness in a world that is perceived as constant suffering, as danger, fear and search for a safe place, only to realize that such a place does not exist, that there is only misery and suffering everywhere. The characters of these novels live in difficult war conditions, but they carry an even heavier burden of the Jewish fate, or they have in their roots an equally problematic split &ndash; a split between Christianity and Judaism. In both cases, they are aware of their isolation, of being stigmatized by their origin, which at any moment can be declared unsuitable for life in a community. Therefore, anxiety and uneasiness are constant companions of their fate. In accordance with this setting, Ti&scaron;ma analyzes different forms of survival in wartime and in post-war era (from conciliation with evil, inaction, suffering, humiliation, through resistance, revenge, violence, until the devastating knowledge that &ldquo;evil begets evil&rdquo;) thus indicating the phenomena of our time. The author bitterly re-examines the existence of humanistic principles in such a world, and the role of literature in the whole process. Searching in his novels primarily for truth in all aspects of life, Ti&scaron;ma comes to the conclusion that violence and crime are inseparable part of human nature, and he presents this insights as a given, as a fixed fact. The role of literature is to shatter illusions, to remind us of things we have been through, to testify about wars in the light of his belief that if things have not been written down it is as if they do not exist at all.</p>

The thesis "Syrians in the Czech Republic" is engaged with the Syrians living in the Czech Republic, and their activities here. Attempts to outline the Syrians view on the Czech society and their integration into Czech society. The main method of work is a field research among the Syrians supplemented with study of technical literature. Keywords Syria, Syrians, the Arabic spring, the Arab revolution, Bashar Assad, the Baas, Syrian identity, islam, emigration, immigration, integration process, problem of identity

Text in German / Summary in English / Max Frisch's work centres around the question of authenticity of the individual, of true self-identity. It is difficult and problematic if ever possible to discover the true inner self. Stereotypical thinking, prejudice as well as societal demands, rules and norms are great obstacles in the way for attaining this goal. Frisch's protagonists fail in one or another way. The emphasis lies therefore not in the answer but rests on the questions as to why and how failure occurred and contemplate possible alternatives. The message is: the task is arduous, never completed. The goal lies in the process rather than in the end. It is a continuous struggle, appraisal and renewal resulting in raising awareness and consciousness and thus find more true and independent solutions. Frisch's work is an appeal to the public to take charge, to exercise one's choices wisely and to act with love and responsibility / Classics and Modern European Languages / M. A. (German)