This work approaches the restrictive factors that interfere in the optimization of the planning of the process of recruiting of goods and services between the sectorial demand and the service of the request for the Unit of Administration in two Federal Universities. The theme is discussed found in the authors' visions as Etzioni (1967), Barnard (1968), Tironi et al (1991), Tofler (2003), Mintzberg (2004), Senge (2005), Matus (2006), Marchi and Wittmann (2008), Motta (2010), Baily et al. (2010), Morin (2011), Tridapalli, Fernandes and Machado (2011), Morgan (2011), Juran (2011), Dias e Costa (2012), Drucker (2012), among others. The protected concepts for the authors allow to notice new possibilities for the administration of the process of recruiting of goods and services in our organizations in times of changes. The objective of the research consists of analyzing the restrictive factors that interfere in the optimization of the planning of the process of recruiting of goods and services between the sectorial demand and the service of this request for the Unit of Administration in the Federal Universities of Maranhão (MA) and Santa Maria (RS). This case study has character exploratory, descriptive, of qualitative nature. They were accomplished 12 (twelve) interviews that made possible the collection and the analysis of the data, the method of the analysis of the interviewees' speech was used to reveal problems associated to planning, the organizational structure, that interferes in the planning of the process of recruiting of goods and services. The results reveal that the researched organizations maintain inadequate organizational structures. The unit of central planning guides the dissociated expense of the reality of the administration of the sectorial units. / Este trabalho aborda os fatores restritivos que interferem na otimização do planejamento do processo de contratação de bens e serviços entre a demanda setorial e o atendimento da solicitação pela Unidade de Gestão em duas Universidades Federais. O tema é discutido alicerçado nas visões de autores como Etzioni (1967), Barnard (1968), Tironi et al. (1991), Tofler (2003), Mintzberg (2004), Senge (2005), Matus (2006), Marchi e Wittmann (2008), Motta (2010), Baily et al. (2010), Morin (2011), Tridapalli, Fernandes e Machado (2011), Morgan (2011), Juran (2011), Dias e Costa (2012), Drucker (2012), dentre outros. Os conceitos defendidos pelos autores permitem perceber novas possibilidades para a gestão do processo de contratação de bens e serviços nas organizações em tempos de mudanças. O objetivo da pesquisa consiste em analisar os fatores restritivos que interferem na otimização do planejamento do processo de contratação de bens e serviços entre a demanda setorial e o atendimento desta solicitação pela Unidade de Gestão, nas Universidades Federais do Maranhão (MA) e de Santa Maria (RS). Este estudo de caso tem caráter exploratório, descritivo, de natureza qualitativa. Foram realizadas 12 (doze) entrevistas que possibilitaram a coleta e a análise dos dados. Utilizou-se o método da análise do discurso dos entrevistados, para revelar problemas associados a planejamento, a estrutura organizacional, que interfere no planejamento do processo de contratação de bens e serviços. Os resultados revelam que as organizações pesquisadas mantêm estruturas organizacionais inadequadas. A unidade de planejamento central orienta a despesa dissociada da realidade da gestão das unidades setoriais.

Фокусом научного исследования, проведенного в рамках настоящей магистерской диссертации, является механизм осуществления закупок товаров, работ, услуг для государственных нужд в условиях его реформирования. Цель исследования: анализ механизмов осуществления закупок товаров, работ, услуг для государственных нужд в субъекте Российской Федерации и формирование рекомендаций для совершенствования их работы. Основными методами проведения исследования стали качественный и количественный анализ, а именно экспертное интервью, контент-анализ. В процессе исследования были изучены теоретические основы контрактной системе в сфере закупок товаров, работ, услуг в Российской Федерации; рассмотрена нормативно-правовая база закупочной деятельности на международном, федеральном и региональном уровнях; предложено новое определение механизма закупочной деятельности; сформированы модели организации закупочной деятельности в регионах Российской Федерации; подготовлены практические материалы, которые могут быть использованы специалистами по закупкам в их профессиональной деятельности. Предложенные автором рекомендации по совершенствованию механизма государственных закупок региона Российской Федерации внесут уточнения в действующее законодательство, а также упростят и ускорят работу специалистов по закупкам. / The focus of the research conducted within the framework of this master's thesis is the mechanism of procurement of goods, works, and services for state needs in the context of its reform. The purpose of the study: to analyze the mechanisms of procurement of goods, works, and services for state needs in the subject of the Russian Federation and to form recommendations for improving their work. The main methods of conducting the research were qualitative and quantitative analysis, namely expert interviews, content analysis. In the course of the research, the theoretical foundations of the contract system in the field of procurement of goods, works, and services in the Russian Federation were studied; the regulatory and legal framework of procurement activities at the international, federal, and regional levels was considered; a new definition of the procurement mechanism was proposed; models of the organization of procurement activities in the regions of the Russian Federation were formed; practical materials were prepared that can be used by procurement specialists in their professional activities. The recommendations proposed by the author on improving the mechanism of public procurement in the region of the Russian Federation will clarify the current legislation, as well as simplify and speed up the work of procurement specialists.