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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Produ??o e qualidade fisiol?gica de sementes de crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) em resposta a aduba??o pot?ssica e diferentes ?pocas de colheita / Yield and physiological quality of crambe seeds (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) in response to potassium fertilization and different harvest times

SILVA, Ludmila Fonseca da 26 February 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-29T18:08:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Ludmila Fonseca da Silva.pdf: 1290374 bytes, checksum: 2950cbb22126528652a8aea1506c78b4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-29T18:08:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Ludmila Fonseca da Silva.pdf: 1290374 bytes, checksum: 2950cbb22126528652a8aea1506c78b4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / CAPES / Crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) is a fall/winter crop in Brazil, short-cycle, drought-tolerant and low temperatures tolerant, recycling of nutrients, crop rotation participant and their seeds have high oil content. Thus, crambe is presented as an alternative to biodiesel production and allows the inclusion of small and medium producers in its production. Studies have shown the positive effect of potassium fertilization on crambe seed productivity, and the importance of determining the proper harvest time, to ensure maximum seed quality, avoid productivity losses and possible infections. The objective was to evaluate the yield and physiological quality of crambe seeds in response to potassium fertilization and different harvest times. An experiment under field conditions was installed in 2013 and this was repeated in 2014, using a split plot design, potassium fertilization as main plots (0, 15, 30, 60 and 90 kg K2O ha-1) and three harvest times as subplots. At each harvest, there were evaluated the seed production, production components for crambe plant, seed yield and plant morphological characteristics. In the laboratory, the seeds produced were submitted to evaluations of germination and vigor (first count, electrical conductivity and accelerated aging), a month after harvest and after six months of storage in a dry chamber (18?C and 45% RH). By the results it was concluded that in 2013, potassium fertilization and harvest time did not favored the dry matter of aerial part, the number of branches per plant, the number of seeds per plant, the mass of 100 seeds and the seed yield. In 2014, the plants fertilized with 90 kg K2O ha-1 in the first and second harvest time, 88 and 95 days after sowing (DAS) showed a higher seed number and yield per plant, as well as higher weight of 100 seeds. The contribution of seed production in the main stem was higher when the crop was harvested after 85 DAS in 2013 and, at 88 and 95 DAS in 2014 obtained with the dose of 90 kg K2O ha-1 . Seeds harvested in the third time, when evaluated after harvest (initial evaluation), had lower germination without treatment to overcome dormancy, regardless of potassium fertilization, in both years of cultivation, indicating that the seeds had reached physiological maturity and the mechanisms to overcome dormancy were already present. After six months of storage, crambe seed harvested in the third time had higher germination, without treatment to overcome dormancy, regardless of potassium fertilization in both crops. / O crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) ? uma cultura de outono/inverno no Brasil, de ciclo curto, tolerante ? seca e a temperaturas baixas, recicladora de nutrientes, participante de rota??o de culturas e, suas sementes possuem elevado teor de ?leo. Assim, o crambe se apresenta como uma alternativa produ??o de biodiesel e permite a inclus?o de pequenos e m?dios produtores na sua produ??o. Estudos demonstram o efeito positivo da aduba??o pot?ssica na produtividade de sementes de crambe e, a import?ncia da determina??o da ?poca de colheita adequada, para assegurar m?xima qualidade fisiol?gica das sementes, evitar perdas de produtividade e poss?veis infec??es. O objetivo foi o de avaliar a produ??o e qualidade fisiol?gica de sementes de crambe em resposta a aduba??o pot?ssica e diferentes ?pocas de colheita. Foi instalado um experimento em campo no ano de 2013 e repetido em 2014, adotando o delineamento experimental em parcela subdividida, com quatro repeti??es, sendo as parcelas representadas pela aduba??o pot?ssica (0, 15, 30, 60 e 90 kg K2O ha-1) e as subparcelas pelas tr?s ?pocas de colheita. Foram avaliados a cada colheita, a produ??o por planta, os componentes de produ??o por planta de crambe, a produtividade das sementes e, as caracter?sticas morfol?gicas destas plantas. Em laborat?rio, as sementes produzidas foram submetidas ?s avalia??es da germina??o e do vigor (primeira contagem, condutividade el?trica e envelhecimento artificial), um m?s ap?s a colheita e ap?s seis meses de armazenamento em c?mara seca (18?C e 45% UR). Pelos resultados, pode-se concluir que em 2013, a aduba??o pot?ssica e a ?poca de colheita n?o favoreceram a massa de mat?ria seca de parte a?rea, o n?mero de ramos por planta, o n?mero de sementes por planta a massa de 100 sementes, bem como a produtividade de sementes. Em 2014, as plantas adubadas com 90 kg K2O ha-1 e colhidas nas primeiras e segundas ?pocas, aos 88 e 95 dias ap?s a semeadura (DAS) apresentaram maior n?mero e produ??o de sementes por planta, bem como maior massa de 100 sementes. A contribui??o da produ??o de sementes da haste principal foi maior quando a colheita foi realizada aos 85 DAS em 2013 e, aos 88 e 95 DAS (primeira e segunda colheita) em 2014, obtidas com a dose de 90 kg de K2O ha-1. Em rela??o ? qualidade fisiol?gica, as sementes colhidas na terceira ?poca, quando avaliadas ap?s a colheita (avalia??o inicial), apresentaram menor germina??o, sem tratamento para supera??o de dorm?ncia, independente da aduba??o pot?ssica, nos dois anos de cultivo, indicando que as sementes j? tinham atingido a maturidade fisiol?gica e que os mecanismos de supera??o de dorm?ncia j? estavam presentes. Ap?s seis meses de armazenamento, as sementes de crambe colhidas na terceira ?poca apresentaram maior germina??o, sem tratamento para supera??o de dorm?ncia, independente da aduba??o pot?ssica nos dois cultivos.
2

Estudo de ?pocas de colheita e desenvolvimento de vagens de feij?o Guandu (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.), para obten??o de gr?os e sementes n?o comerciais em pequenas unidades de produ??o familiar / Study of harvesting times and developing pods of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.), to obtain grains and seeds in small non-commercial family production units

PASSOS, As?lio Vieira 17 August 2012 (has links)
Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-14T20:27:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - As?lio Vieira Passos.pdf: 1230136 bytes, checksum: e9c77cc513b48585810d519d2fdbf327 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-14T20:27:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - As?lio Vieira Passos.pdf: 1230136 bytes, checksum: e9c77cc513b48585810d519d2fdbf327 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-17 / The characteristics of rusticity and multifunctionality pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) have been known for a long time. In small family production, units located in some settlement projects of agrarian reform, in Rio de Janeiro state, has been observed frequently this crop cultivation, and usually from seed multiplied by farmers on the spot. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of pigeon pea seeds produced for non-commercial personal use by family farmer seated agrarian reform and develop study on four harvest seasons, carried in pods "verdoengas" (yellowish green and greenish yellow) and brown, to obtain seeds non-commercial good physiological quality. The seeds acquired from family farmer seated agrarian reform were sown in 2011/02/03; seedling emergence occurred at 6 DAS, and the culture was then conveyed to the reproductive stage, when harvests were held in pods of four seasons at 140, 162, 169 and 177 DAS. The following determinations were made of: moisture content at harvest (Uc%) and storage (Ua%), average number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, seed yield per plant, yield, seed weigth and percentage germination and seed without heat treatment. The average Uc% was 44%, whereas the value obtained from seeds produced by brown pods was 22%, and remained Ua% average of 11% in four harvests for the two classes pods. Plants showed an average number of 62 pods / plant and pods, about four seeds / pod, the weight of a thousand seeds showed average value of 130g, with the figures derived from the seed pods were brown more high, around 142g/1000sementes, the average production of seeds per plant was 33g, the average yield was 1.300kg/ha the four harvest times, and the average of the last two harvests showed higher value, around 1.420kg/ha, the average germination rates of seeds that received heat treatment to break dormancy was 85%, while the seeds that did not receive this treatment, the average was 62%. / As caracter?sticas de rusticidade e multifuncionalidades do feijoeiro Guandu (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) s?o conhecidas h? muito tempo. Em unidades de produ??o familiar, localizadas nos projetos de assentamento de reforma agr?ria no estado do Rio de Janeiro, tem sido observado freq?entemente o cultivo dessa cultura, realizado em geral a partir de sementes multiplicadas no pr?prio s?tio, por agricultores. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o efeito de quatro ?pocas de colheita das vagens de feij?o guandu, correspondente ?s colora??es ?verdoengas? e marrons?, para obten??o de sementes n?o comerciais de m?xima qualidade fisiol?gica, produzidas para uso pr?prio em unidade de produ??o familiar. As sementes foram adquiridas mediante compra de agricultor familiar assentado da reforma agr?ria do Projeto de Assentamento Jo?o Batista Soares, e foram semeadas em 03/02/2011; a emerg?ncia das pl?ntulas ocorreu aos 6 DAS, e a cultura foi ent?o conduzida at? o est?gio reprodutivo, quando foram realizadas colheitas de vagens, aos 140, 162, 169 e 177 DAS. Foram realizadas determina??es de grau de umidade no momento da colheita (Uc%) e no armazenamento (Ua%), n?mero m?dio de vagens por planta, n?mero de sementes por vagem, produ??o de sementes por planta, produtividade, massa de mil sementes e porcentagem de germina??o com e sem tratamento t?rmico de sementes. Os seguintes resultados foram obtidos: a m?dia da Uc% foi de 44%, sendo que o valor obtido de sementes oriundas de vagem marrom foi de 22%, e a Ua% manteve valor m?dio de 11% nas quatro colheitas, para as duas classes de vagens; as plantas apresentaram um n?mero m?dio de 62 vagens/planta e as vagens, cerca de 4 sementes/vagem; a massa de mil sementes apresentou valores m?dios de 130g, sendo que os valores apresentados pelas sementes oriundas de vagens marrons foram mais elevados, em torno de 142g/1000sementes;a produ??o m?dia de sementes por planta foi de 33g; a produtividade m?dia foi de 1.300kg/ha nas quatro ?pocas de colheita, sendo que a m?dia das duas ?ltimas colheitas apresentou maior valor, em torno de 1.420kg/ha; a m?dia de germina??o das sementes que receberam tratamento t?rmico para quebra de dorm?ncia foi de 85%, enquanto nas sementes que n?o receberam esse tratamento, essa m?dia foi de 62%.

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