"Natural Disasters" is a cycle of five extractable movements for septet, conductor and computer. Each movement in the cycle is inspired by the ways that humans are affected by and respond to five different classes or categories of natural disasters: meteorological, such as hurricanes, tornados, and haboobs; geological, like earthquakes and landslides; hydrological, including flooding and sea level rise; wildfires; and extra-planetary disasters such as meteors and solar flares. The disaster types are used as overarching themes and also as sources for the organization of the movements and their surface details. This paper presents an overview of the conception and organization of cycle, the themes addressed in each movement and the compositional techniques used. The history of composers using weather or disaster-related themes in prior music is reviewed, and a survey of contemporary disaster-related compositions is presented.

La version intégrale de ce mémoire est disponible uniquement pour consultation individuelle à la Bibliothèque de musique de l'Université de Montréal (www.bib.umontreal.ca/MU). / Ce mémoire expose les résultats de mon projet de recherche, qui consistait à élaborer et tester ma démarche compositionnelle s’appliquant aux musiques de pratique électroacoustique, instrumentale et mixte. Mon intention était d’uniformiser et de systématiser mon approche s’inscrivant essentiellement dans l’esthétique des romantiques. J’y combine musique à programme, partitions graphiques et autres techniques modernes de composition. Le premier chapitre est consacré à la description détaillée et commentée des trois étapes qui constituent mon travail de création : le programme, l’analyse ainsi que la structure et la forme. Pour expérimenter cette approche, j’ai composé trois pièces : Le chat noir, pièce mixte pour gamelan, bandes et traitements en temps réel et inspirée d’une nouvelle d’Edgar Allan Poe, La nébuleuse de la tour, pièce électroacoustique basée sur une partition graphique exécutée par une guitare et un trombone et, comme troisième pièce, Le livre de Thot, pour trio à cordes et piano, présentée en quatre mouvements inspirés d’autant de cartes du tarot. Les trois pièces sont décrites et analysées en fonction de ma démarche aux chapitres deux, trois et quatre, respectivement. / This thesis presents the results of my research project which consisted in elaborating and testing my compositional approach in three musical forms, namely, electroacoustic, instrumental, and mix. My aim was to systematize my approach—which belongs essentially with romantic aesthetics—and to make it uniform by combining program music, graphic partitions, and other modern compositional techniques. The first chapter is devoted to the detailed and commented description of the three stages of my creation process : program, analysis, as well as form and structure. To test my approach, I have composed three pieces, 1- Le chat noir, a mixed piece for gamelan, recording and real-time processing inspired by a novel by Edgar Allan Poes, 2- La nébuleuse de la tour, an electroacoustic piece based on a graphic partition and performed on guitar and trombone, and 3- Le livre de Thot, for string trio and piano and performed in four movements inspired by four tarot cards. These three pieces are described and analyzed in chapters two, three, and four respectively.

The nineteenth and twentieth centuries witnessed the rapid growth of musical culture in Russia. This resulted in a large repertoire of piano music — ranging from miniatures to virtuosic etudes and sonatas. Growing out of the nineteenth century romantic tradition, and highly influenced by the social conditions of the time, Russian composers developed a distinctive style which closely reflected their culture, personalities and ideologies. There are several approaches to studying performance practice. One is to study the interpretations of other pianists. While this does have many advantages, it has not been adopted in this paper as it has one flaw: it still fails to capture the distinctive language of these composers. Rather, the paper will study the social and musical influences on the composers, and, more importantly, their philosophies about pianism and the purpose of music. This will be related to interpretative issues in the works. The repertoire has been divided into four areas. The paper commences with a study of the miniature, which is valuable in finding the ‘essence’ of a composer’s musical language expressed on a small scale. Here, the ‘elementary’ considerations in performance practice will be studied. The second chapter discusses etudes. This is useful in gaining an insight into composers’ conception of technique, and how this relates to performance practice. The third chapter deals with music that has extra-musical themes. This provides opportunity for a more detailed cultural and biographical study of the composers. To represent the large-scale repertoire of Russian composers, the sonata will be studied. Here, a detailed analysis of the composers’ musical language and its relationship to expression will be discussed. / Masters Thesis

A Poem Carved in Stone, a work for piano solo by Washington DC-based Chinese composer Wu Yiming was composed in Spring 2020 and is dedicated to the author of this dissertation. The piece is inspired by the poetry of Han Shan, a recluse who lived during the Tang Dynasty (618-907 A.D.). His poetry is in Chan (Zen) tradition. Wu depicts the imagery and philosophy in Han Shan's poetry through highly complex rhythms, extreme sound effects and pitches, tone clusters, and extended piano techniques. This dissertation provides practical instructions for achieving these effects and executing the unconventional techniques found in this piece, which include playing inside of the piano, various standing and sitting positions, and coordination and balance. A guide to interpret this piece is from both the composer's and the performer's perspective. Observations are drawn directly from communications and coaching received from the composer. This study briefly explores the historical and cultural context of Han Shan's poetry and discusses how Wu's use of modern western compositional devices reflects the Zen philosophy. An interview with the composer is included along with an overview of both his compositions and those of composers who influenced him. It is hoped that this dissertation will encourage pianists who are not experienced with non-traditional techniques to explore new music from living composers.