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本論文以「寒山詩及其版本之研究」為題，約十二萬字，共分六章完成。 第一章緒論。敘述本文寫作動機、目的、研究方法，以及主客觀的限制。 第二章寒山子之時代與家世。共分二節。寒山子身世如謎，人言人殊，故第一節乃蒐 集前人的考證，而於第二節參照各家說法，略加辨證，以明寒山子的時代，以及家世 。 第三章寒山詩之版本。此章為全文重點一。按海內外所知見的寒山詩版本，說明其版 本形式，並考述其源流。 第四章寒山子之思想。共分三節。寒山子亦儒亦道亦佛，本章引用寒山詩以證明寒山 子發端於儒，出入於道，而終極於佛禪。 第五章寒山詩之內容與形式。共分二節。此章亦為全文之重點。第一節係寒山詩內容 之研究，依其表現而分為俗情詩、傷感詩、諷刺詩、閒適詩、玄悟詩五大類。第二節 係寒山詩形式之研究，選就語言、聲律、修辭技巧等特色加以賞析。 第六章結論。旨在陳述歷代及近人對寒山詩的評價，以及寒山詩的影響，並印證「實 用理論」為寒山詩的文學觀。

The present works of reading Chinese poetry offers a biographic reading method, but it cannot fit for reading Han Shan’s poetry, as he had unclear recording in history. Focused on exploring the persona and religion in Han Shan’s poetry world, I examine reading Han Shan’s poems in Buddhist way. Chapter 1 provides the biography of Han Shan, and presents his vernacular expression as different from other poets in history. Chapter 2 introduces some new methods on reading poetry brought up by some literature critics. Chapter 3 presents the Buddhist reading method that I have adopted to read and understand Han Shan’s poems. This reading method is inspired by the similarity between Han Shan’s writings and Buddhist texts. Chapter 4 explains how to read Han Shan’s poems in the Buddhist way. In this chapter, I analyze the persona and Buddhist thinking in the world of Han Shan’s poetry with the explanation of Buddhist sutras and literatures.

Long acknowledged as a committed poet of place, this thesis examines tones of outsiderness and alienation that characterize George Scarbrough’s poetry. Scarbrough draws on familiarity with his childhood in southeast Tennessee, and from an outsider’s outlook, a perspective veritably prompted by the rejection he suffered as a homosexual and lover of language, Scarbrough’s poetry addresses the daunting themes of fear and nothingness. Analysis of his poetry also reveals qualities of hope and endurance, a commitment to received forms, and Modern innovation. Through his poetic voice, culminating in the alter ego of Han-shan, Scarbrough provides vital insights into the human experience.

A Poem Carved in Stone, a work for piano solo by Washington DC-based Chinese composer Wu Yiming was composed in Spring 2020 and is dedicated to the author of this dissertation. The piece is inspired by the poetry of Han Shan, a recluse who lived during the Tang Dynasty (618-907 A.D.). His poetry is in Chan (Zen) tradition. Wu depicts the imagery and philosophy in Han Shan's poetry through highly complex rhythms, extreme sound effects and pitches, tone clusters, and extended piano techniques. This dissertation provides practical instructions for achieving these effects and executing the unconventional techniques found in this piece, which include playing inside of the piano, various standing and sitting positions, and coordination and balance. A guide to interpret this piece is from both the composer's and the performer's perspective. Observations are drawn directly from communications and coaching received from the composer. This study briefly explores the historical and cultural context of Han Shan's poetry and discusses how Wu's use of modern western compositional devices reflects the Zen philosophy. An interview with the composer is included along with an overview of both his compositions and those of composers who influenced him. It is hoped that this dissertation will encourage pianists who are not experienced with non-traditional techniques to explore new music from living composers.