Resumo: Foi avaliado o efeito do extrato hidroalcoólico de própolis (0,0; 0,2; 0,5; 1,0; e 1,5 %) misturado em ração comercial (45 % Proteína Bruta), em girinos de rã-touro. Foram utilizados 1400 girinos no estágio 26 da tabela de Gosner (1960), distribuídos em 20 tanques experimentais com 70 litros de água, na densidade de um girino por litro. O arraçoamento foi realizado quatro vezes ao dia. Para análise dos dados do ganho de peso, comprimento, sobrevivência, conversão alimentar, consumo de ração e metamorfose, foi utilizado um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições. No final do experimento, foi colhido sangue do vaso caudal, de cinco girinos de cada repetição. A contagem diferencial de leucócitos foi realizada em extensões coradas pelo método de Rosenfeld (1947), em microscopia de luz. Foram contadas 100 células por lâmina. Para avaliar o efeito do extrato hidroalcoólico de própolis na porcentagem de leucócitos, usou-se um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos e três repetições. Para análise histológica no final do experimento foram sacrificados três girinos de cada repetição e retirada amostras do rim, fígado e intestino para lâminas histológicas. As amostras foram fixadas em formol, desidratadas em uma série de álcool, coradas com HE, analisadas e fotomicrografadas com fotomicroscópio Axiophot- Zeiss em microscópio óptico e medido com micrometro ocular a espessura do epitélio intestinal. Para análise estatística dos dados foi usado um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos e três repetições. A sobrevivência, consumo de ração, conversão alimentar e comprimento dos girinos, não foram influenciados pelo extrato hidroalcoólico de própolis. O ganho de peso foi influenciado significativamente (P < 0,05) observando-se... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The effect of the propolis hidroalcoolic extract was evaluated (0.0; 0.2; 0.5; 1.0; and 1.5 %) mixed to the commercial ration (45 % CP) in bullfrog tadpoles. 1,400 tadpoles were used at stage 26 (Gosner ,1960), distributed in twenty experimental tanks with 70 liters of water, in the density of one tadpole per liter. The feding was four times a day. For analysis of the data of the weight gain, length, survival, feed conversion, ration consumption and metamorphosis were used a completely randomized design with five treatments and four repetitions. In the end of the experiment, it was picked the blood of the vase flow, of five tadpoles of each repetition. The differential counting of leuccytes was accomplished in red-faced extensions by the method of Rosenfeld (1947), in light microscopia. To evaluate the effect of the propolis hidroalcoolic extract in the percentage of leucocytes, were used a completely randomized design with five treatments and three repetitions. They were counted 100 cells for sheet. For histological analysis in the end of the experiment three tadpoles of each repetition were sacrificed and samples of the kidney, liver and intestine were removed for you laminate histological. The samples were fastened in formol, dehydrated in one serializes of alcohol, red-faced with HE analyzed and fotomicrographed with fotomicroscópio Axioskop-Zeiss in optical and measured microscope with ocular micrometer the espessor of the intestinal epithelium. For statistical analysis of the data were used a completely randomized design with five treatments and three repetitions. The survival, ration consumption, feed conversion and length of the tadpoles, were not influenced by the propolis hidroalcoolic extract. The weight gain was influenced significantly (P< 0,05) being observed a worse in the tadpoles... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Orientadora: Marta Verardino Arauco / Coorientador: Laura Satiki Okada Nakaghi / Banca: Lucia Helena Vasques / Banca: Luís Gustavo Tavares Braga / Banca:Edanir dos Santos / Banca: João batista Kochenborger Fernandes / Doutor

Orientador: José Maurício Sforcin / Banca: Alexandrina Sartori / Banca: Sueli Calvo / Banca: Daniel Araki Ribeiro / Banca: Maria Lúcia Zaidan Gagli / Resumo: Não disponível. / Abstract: Several studies have shown that stress affects the immune system, promoting the progression of cancer. Since propolis is a honeybee product showing immunomodulatory and antitumoral activities, the goal of this work was to evaluate propolis effect on Th1 (IL-2 and IFN-) and Th2 (IL-4 and IL-10) cytokines' expression and production by melanoma-bearing mice submitted to immobilization stress. In groups without melanoma, stress did not affect IL-2, IL-4 and IL-10 gene expression. Propolis treatment of stressed animals did not influence these cytokines expression as well. On the other hand, IL-2 and IL-10 expression was inhibited in melanoma-bearing mice, stressed or not. Th1 cytokines production was also inhibited in melanoma-bearing mice. Propolis administration to melanoma-bearing mice submitted to stress stimulated IL-2 expression, as well as Th1 (IL-2 and IFN-) production, indicating the activation of antitumor cell-mediated immunity. Propolis also stimulated IL-10 expression and production, what may be related to immunoregulatory effects. Our data indicate that propolis showed an immunomodulatory activity in this assay, what may be related to its antitumoral action in vivo. Further investigation will help to understand propolis usefulness during stress. / Doutor