Thesis (M. S. in Biomedical Engineering)--Vanderbilt University, May 2007. / Title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Bioengineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. / Committee Chair: Stephen P. DeWeerth; Committee Member: Bruce Wheeler; Committee Member: Michelle LaPlaca; Committee Member: Robert Lee; Committee Member: Steve Potter

Thesis (doctoral)--Ludwig Maximilians-Universität zu München, 1979.

Thesis (MScEng)--University of Stellenbosch, 2008. / Bibliography. Also available via the Internet.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-03-05Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:35:09Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 vargas_fs_me_arafo.pdf: 600635 bytes, checksum: c88f9eb602669098e457e9ab4722d46a (MD5) / O clareamento dental de consultório, realizado com géis que apresentam elevada concentração de peróxido de hidrogênio (PH), pode causar danos intensos para as células da polpa dentária. Dentro deste contexto, a administração de agentes antioxidantes previamente ao clareamento dental, tem sido considerada uma terapia promissora, pois pode eliminar ou pelo menos minimizar os efeitos adversos deste procedimento clínico estético. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o possível efeito protetor da Vitamina E (alfa-Tocoferol / α-T) contra à ação citotóxica do PH sobre células odontoblastóides (MDPC-23). Para isto, células foram semeadas em placas de 96 wells durante 72 horas e então submetidas a diferentes tempos de pré-tratamento (1, 4, 8 e 24 horas) com variadas concentrações de α-T (1, 3, 5 e 10 mM). Após os períodos de pré-tratamento, as células foram expostas ou não ao PH (0,018%) durante 30 minutos. Nos grupos controle positivo e negativo, as células foram somente expostas a uma solução de PH (0,018%) ou meio de cultura, respectivamente. O metabolismo celular foi avaliado pelo teste de MTT. A absorbância foi transformada em porcentagem e analisada pelo Teste de Kruskal-Wallis, complementado por Mann-Whitney (α=0,05%). Todas as concentrações de α-T e tempos de pré-tratamento propostos neste estudo apresentaram proteção das células contra os efeitos citotóxicos do PH. Porém, os melhores resultados foram obtidos com as concentrações de 1 e 3 mM (126% e 97%, respectivamente) por 24 horas em relação a 41% de metabolismo celular do grupo controle positivo (p<0,05). Portanto, as células pré-tratadas com α-T por 24 horas, em concentrações baixas (1 e 3 mM), apresentaram os melhores resultados de viabilidade celular, ou seja, maior efeito protetor frente à agressão direta do PH / The in-office tooth bleaching using gels with high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (HP) may cause irreversible damage to pulp tissue. Therefore, the administration of antioxidazing agents previously to the tooth bleaching procedures has been considered as a promising therapy, mainly due the capacity of these agents to prevent, or at last reduce, the negative side-effects caused by toxic products used in this esthetic treatment. Therefore, the aim of the present in vitro study was to evaluate the protective activity of vitamin E (alfa-Tocoferol / α-T) against the toxic effects of HP applied to cultured odontoblast-like cells (MDPC-23). Cells were seeded in wells of 96-well plates for 72 hs and then pre-treated with different concentrations of α-T (1, 3, 5, and 10 mM) for variable periods (1, 4, 8, and 24 hs). Following, the cells were exposed to a HP solution (0,018%) for 30 min. In positive and negative control groups, the cells were exposed only to HP solution (0,018%) or culture medium, respectively. The cell metabolism was assessed by MTT assay and the absorbance numeric data, expressed as percentage values, were subjected to the statistical analysis of Kruskal-Wallis complemented by Mann-Whitney test (α=0.05%). All α-T concentrations and pre-treatments evaluated in this study showed cell protection against the cytotoxic effects of HP. However, considering the MDPC-23 cells in the negative control group as presenting 100% metabolism, it was observed that the most relevant data occurred when the cells were pre-treated with α-T at 1 and 3 mM (126% and 97% of cell metabolism, respectively) for 24hs compared to the positive control group (41%) (p<0.05). Based upon the methodology used in the present investigation, it can be concluded that low concentrations of α-T (1 and 3 mM) applied for 24 hs to the cultured odontoblast-like MDPC-23 cells provide the best protective effects against the cytotoxicity caused by hydrogen peroxide

As the number of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) procedures increases annually, the patient demographic is shifting to include younger patients with higher expectations for post-operative function. The aim of this study was to compare movement patterns during activities of daily living among TKA patients and a healthy, age-matched group using 3D motion analysis. Specifically, this analysis looked at walking on level and inclined surfaces, as well as sitting up and down from a chair. It was predicted that (1) TKA patients would exhibit reduced knee extension moments at the operated limb and increased adduction moments at the contralateral limb during gait, (2) walking downhill would result in greater differences between TKA and control groups, compared to level walking, and (3) TKA participants would have greater flexion angles, moments and power values at the hip, compared to controls, during the sit-stand tasks. Seventeen participants (age=62±6 years, BMI=30±3 kg/m2, time after surgery=11±5 months) were recruited from the Ottawa Hospital, having undergone unilateral TKA by the same surgeon. An age-matched control group was composed of 17 individuals (age=63±8 years, BMI=27±4 kg/m2) who were recruited from the local community. Three dimensional (3D) biomechanical assessment was conducted with all participants performing five trials of walking on level and inclined surfaces, stair ascent and descent as well as sit-stand tasks. Results from this study were focused on gait and sit-stand transitions, showing that TKA participants exhibited altered gait patterns on both walking surfaces, with significantly smaller knee flexion angles and moments, as well as reduced peak power at the knee. The TKA group also experienced reduced knee extension moments; however, this was only significant for downhill walking. Consistent with our hypothesis, downhill walking resulted in greater discrepancies between the groups compared to level walking. Contrary to our third hypothesis, TKA participants exhibited significantly smaller peak hip flexion angles and moments during the sit-stand task, along with reduced hip abduction angles and knee abduction moments. The reduced knee flexion kinematics and kinetics observed during gait tasks, combined with the differences in frontal plane mechanics observed during the sit-stand task suggest that altered loading patterns persist six to twelve months after surgery. This may be a result of continued pre-operative movement patterns as well as the surgery itself, and should be kept in mind when developing rehabilitation programs for this patient population.

Manabu Morishima, Akira Marui, Shigeki Yanagi, Takamasa Nomura, Naoki Nakajima, Suong-Hyu Hyon, Tadashi Ikeda, and Ryuzo Sakata. Sustained release of vancomycin from a new biodegradable glue to prevent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus graft infection. Interact CardioVasc Thorac Surg (2010) 11(1): 52-55 doi:10.1510/icvts.2010.232447 / 京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第17856号 / 医博第3825号 / 新制||医||1000(附属図書館) / 30676 / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 一山 智, 教授 伊達 洋至, 教授 鈴木 茂彦 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

No description available.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Primary consideration must be given to the temporomandibular joint when planning and performing orthognathic surgical procedures. It has long been understood that the status of the temporomandibular joint can easily and unintentionally be altered during orthognathic surgery, regardless of the method of fixation used. With the advent of modern fixation techniques, many clinicians and investigators have questioned the effects of rigid fixation on the temporomandibular joint. To investigate this, a clinical study of 40 patients treated with mandibular advancement for retrognathism was performed. Twenty patients were treated with rigid fixation while another 20 patients had inferior border wires placed with anterior skeletal fixation. All patients were asked questions regarding the history of their temporomandibular joints. In addition, all patients received a clinical postoperative temporomandibular joints. In addition, all patients received a clinical postoperative temporomandibular joint evaluation. The results were statistically analyzed with the Chi-square analysis and Standard T test. It was determined that the Null Hypothesis could not be rejected for any of the symptoms evaluated in this study. The results support the belief that rigid fixation is no different when compared to wire osteosynthesis in terms of prevalence of temporomandibular joint symptoms.

A high powered 4 DOF prosthesis for transfemoral amputees is presented in this paper. The prosthesis utilizes series elastic actuators with high powered hobby grade helicopter motors capable of providing 2880~W of power each for knee and ankle pitch and ankle roll. In addition, a yaw motor with a planetary gearbox combination is used for yaw actuation providing up to 21~Nm of torque. The prosthesis was designed to accommodate a variety of activities including, but not limited to, walking, running, and stair climbing. / Master of Science / A high powered prosthesis for transfemoral amputees is presented in this paper. Four control mechanisms, three of which are in series with springs to reduce the total power requirement of the motors, are used on the prosthesis to provide power to all motions of the leg. The prosthesis is capable of providing powered motion for knee and ankle pitch, ankle roll, and ankle yaw, i.e. ankle rotation from side to side. The prosthesis was designed to handle a variety of activities including, but not limited to, walking, running, and stair climbing.