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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Protein adsorption, relaxation and reorientation kinetics on self-assembled monolayers by use of total internal reflectance flourescence /

Wertz, Christian F. January 2002 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Lehigh University, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references and vita.
2

Studies on the conformation of adsorbed proteins

Billsten, Peter. January 1997 (has links)
Thesis (doctoral)--Göteborg University, 1997. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted.
3

Studies on the conformation of adsorbed proteins

Billsten, Peter. January 1997 (has links)
Thesis (doctoral)--Göteborg University, 1997. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted.
4

FTIR-ATR characterization of hydrogel, polymer films, protein immobilization and benzotriazole adsorption on copper surface

Pillai, Karthikeyan. Chyan, Oliver Ming-Ren, January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--University of North Texas, Dec., 2007. / Title from title page display. Includes bibliographical references.
5

Sacarificação enzimática de bagaços de cana-de-açúcar pré-tratados com sulfito ácido / Enzymatic Saccharification of sugarcane bagasses pretread with acid sulfite

Marassi, Joseana Rocha do Monte 24 January 2014 (has links)
A hidrólise enzimática do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar, para a obtenção de uma alta eficiência de conversão dos polissacarídeos a monossacarídeos, é dependente de fatores relacionados à sua morfologia e composição química. Assim, uma etapa de pré-tratamento é necessária, visando obter um substrato menos recalcitrante. O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi estudar o pré-tratamento sulfito ácido em diferentes amostras de bagaço de cana, para verificar como as mudanças ocorridas nas fibras poderiam influenciar na conversão enzimática da celulose. A metodologia do pré-tratamento sulfito ácido se baseia na modificação química do substrato, através da remoção de hemicelulose e da sulfonação da lignina, seguida do desfibramento mecânico. O efeito da adição de Na2SO3 nas concentrações de 0 a 10% (m/m) com carga fixa de 2,5% (m/m) H2SO4 foi avaliado no pré-tratamento da variedade comercial do bagaço (VC), a 121°C. O efeito da variação da temperatura do pré-tratamento (130 °C, 150 °C e 160 °C) foi avaliado na reação com sulfito ácido para os bagaços da VC e dos híbridos H89, H146 e H166. As modificações na composição química dos bagaços foram determinadas, assim como o conteúdo de grupos sulfônicos, o grau de retenção de água e o padrão de difração de raios-X. Métodos como a microscopia eletrônica de varredura, FTIR e análises térmicas (TGA e DSC) completaram a caracterização dos bagaços pré-tratados. O efeito da carga enzimática foi avaliado na hidrólise dos bagaços pré-tratados, mantendo-se fixa a consistência de 2 % (m/v) e variando-se a carga enzimática de celulases de Trichoderma reesei misturadas com ?-glicosidase de Aspergillus niger na proporção de 5:10; 10:20 e 20:40 FPU:UI, respectivamente. Pôde-se observar que o aumento da carga de sulfito, como também o aumento da temperatura do pré-tratamento, resultaram na maior remoção de hemicelulose e lignina. A remoção de hemicelulose atingiu 70 %, nos bagaços pré-tratados a 160 °C. Os valores de retenção de água foram mais baixos nos bagaços com menor teor de hemicelulose e o índice de cristalinidade (ICcorr), calculado e corrigido pelo rendimento, aumentou com o aumento da temperatura. O fator de severidade do pré-tratamento não se correlacionou com a conversão enzimática da celulose e da hemicelulose, porém a maior remoção de hemicelulose promoveu uma melhor ação das enzimas nos substratos. O efeito da concentração de enzima na hidrólise dos bagaços pré-tratados não foi proporcional à conversão da celulose, sendo a melhora da conversão mais evidente, quando se aumentou a carga enzimática, na menor temperatura do pré-tratamento. A porcentagem de adsorção enzimática da mistura enzimática foi baixa para os bagaços testados, porém para o Avicel, essa porcentagem aumentou 1,6 vezes. Os testes de ninidrina e o de Bradford para determinação da proteína mostraram resultados semelhantes, nos quais, pôde-se notar uma baixa quantidade de proteínas no bagaço e alta quantidade de proteína nas águas de lavagens, respectivamente. / The enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse, to obtain a high efficiency of conversion of polysaccharides in monosaccharides, is dependent on factors related to the morphology and chemical composition. Therefore, a pretreatment step is necessary in order to obtain a less recalcitrant substrate. The main objective of this work was to study acid sulfite pretreatment in different samples of sugarcane bagasse, to verify how the changes in the fibers could influence the enzymatic conversion of cellulose. The methodology of acid sulfite pretreatment is based on the chemical modification of the substrate by removing hemicellulose and lignin sulfonation, followed by mechanical refining. The effect of the addition of Na2SO3 at concentrations of 0 to 10 % (w/w) with constant loading of 2.5 % (w/w) H2SO4 was evaluated to pretreat commercial variety of bagasse (VC) at 121 °C. The effect on the variation of pretreatment temperature (130 °C, 150 °C and 160 °C) was evaluated to the acid sulfite reaction with the VC and hybrids H89, H146, H166. The changes in the chemical composition of bagasses were determined, as well as the sulfonic acid groups content, the degree of water retention value and the X-rays diffraction pattern. Methods such as scanning electron microscopy, FTIR and thermal analysis (TGA and DSC) completed the characterization of the pretreated bagasse. The effect of enzyme loading was evaluated in the hydrolysis of pretreated bagasse, fixing the consistency at 2 % (w/v) and cellulases derived from Trichoderma reesei mixed by ?-glucosidase of Aspergillus niger in enzyme loadings of 5:10, 10:20 and 20:40 FPU:IU, respectively. It was observed that increasing the sulfite loadings, as well the temperature of pretreatment resulted in high removal of hemicellulose and lignin. The removal of hemicellulose reached 70 % in the pretreated bagasses at 160 °C. The water retention values were lower in bagasses with low hemicellulose content and the crystallinity index (ICcorr) calculated and corrected by pretreatment yields increased under high temperature. The severity factor pretreatment did not correlate with the enzymatic conversion of cellulose and hemicellulose, but the highest removal of hemicellulose promoted a better action of enzymes on substrates. The effect of enzyme concentration on the hydrolysis of pretreated bagasses was not proportional to the conversion of cellulose, with an evident improvement of conversion, when the enzyme loading was increased at the lowest pretreatment temperature. The percentage of adsorption of enzyme mixture in pretreated bagasse was low for the bagasses evaluated, but for Avicel, this percentage increased in 1.6 times. Ninhydrin and Bradford tests to protein determination showed similar results, resulting in a low amount of protein in the pulp and high amount of protein in the washings, respectively.
6

Sacarificação enzimática de bagaços de cana-de-açúcar pré-tratados com sulfito ácido / Enzymatic Saccharification of sugarcane bagasses pretread with acid sulfite

Joseana Rocha do Monte Marassi 24 January 2014 (has links)
A hidrólise enzimática do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar, para a obtenção de uma alta eficiência de conversão dos polissacarídeos a monossacarídeos, é dependente de fatores relacionados à sua morfologia e composição química. Assim, uma etapa de pré-tratamento é necessária, visando obter um substrato menos recalcitrante. O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi estudar o pré-tratamento sulfito ácido em diferentes amostras de bagaço de cana, para verificar como as mudanças ocorridas nas fibras poderiam influenciar na conversão enzimática da celulose. A metodologia do pré-tratamento sulfito ácido se baseia na modificação química do substrato, através da remoção de hemicelulose e da sulfonação da lignina, seguida do desfibramento mecânico. O efeito da adição de Na2SO3 nas concentrações de 0 a 10% (m/m) com carga fixa de 2,5% (m/m) H2SO4 foi avaliado no pré-tratamento da variedade comercial do bagaço (VC), a 121°C. O efeito da variação da temperatura do pré-tratamento (130 °C, 150 °C e 160 °C) foi avaliado na reação com sulfito ácido para os bagaços da VC e dos híbridos H89, H146 e H166. As modificações na composição química dos bagaços foram determinadas, assim como o conteúdo de grupos sulfônicos, o grau de retenção de água e o padrão de difração de raios-X. Métodos como a microscopia eletrônica de varredura, FTIR e análises térmicas (TGA e DSC) completaram a caracterização dos bagaços pré-tratados. O efeito da carga enzimática foi avaliado na hidrólise dos bagaços pré-tratados, mantendo-se fixa a consistência de 2 % (m/v) e variando-se a carga enzimática de celulases de Trichoderma reesei misturadas com ?-glicosidase de Aspergillus niger na proporção de 5:10; 10:20 e 20:40 FPU:UI, respectivamente. Pôde-se observar que o aumento da carga de sulfito, como também o aumento da temperatura do pré-tratamento, resultaram na maior remoção de hemicelulose e lignina. A remoção de hemicelulose atingiu 70 %, nos bagaços pré-tratados a 160 °C. Os valores de retenção de água foram mais baixos nos bagaços com menor teor de hemicelulose e o índice de cristalinidade (ICcorr), calculado e corrigido pelo rendimento, aumentou com o aumento da temperatura. O fator de severidade do pré-tratamento não se correlacionou com a conversão enzimática da celulose e da hemicelulose, porém a maior remoção de hemicelulose promoveu uma melhor ação das enzimas nos substratos. O efeito da concentração de enzima na hidrólise dos bagaços pré-tratados não foi proporcional à conversão da celulose, sendo a melhora da conversão mais evidente, quando se aumentou a carga enzimática, na menor temperatura do pré-tratamento. A porcentagem de adsorção enzimática da mistura enzimática foi baixa para os bagaços testados, porém para o Avicel, essa porcentagem aumentou 1,6 vezes. Os testes de ninidrina e o de Bradford para determinação da proteína mostraram resultados semelhantes, nos quais, pôde-se notar uma baixa quantidade de proteínas no bagaço e alta quantidade de proteína nas águas de lavagens, respectivamente. / The enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse, to obtain a high efficiency of conversion of polysaccharides in monosaccharides, is dependent on factors related to the morphology and chemical composition. Therefore, a pretreatment step is necessary in order to obtain a less recalcitrant substrate. The main objective of this work was to study acid sulfite pretreatment in different samples of sugarcane bagasse, to verify how the changes in the fibers could influence the enzymatic conversion of cellulose. The methodology of acid sulfite pretreatment is based on the chemical modification of the substrate by removing hemicellulose and lignin sulfonation, followed by mechanical refining. The effect of the addition of Na2SO3 at concentrations of 0 to 10 % (w/w) with constant loading of 2.5 % (w/w) H2SO4 was evaluated to pretreat commercial variety of bagasse (VC) at 121 °C. The effect on the variation of pretreatment temperature (130 °C, 150 °C and 160 °C) was evaluated to the acid sulfite reaction with the VC and hybrids H89, H146, H166. The changes in the chemical composition of bagasses were determined, as well as the sulfonic acid groups content, the degree of water retention value and the X-rays diffraction pattern. Methods such as scanning electron microscopy, FTIR and thermal analysis (TGA and DSC) completed the characterization of the pretreated bagasse. The effect of enzyme loading was evaluated in the hydrolysis of pretreated bagasse, fixing the consistency at 2 % (w/v) and cellulases derived from Trichoderma reesei mixed by ?-glucosidase of Aspergillus niger in enzyme loadings of 5:10, 10:20 and 20:40 FPU:IU, respectively. It was observed that increasing the sulfite loadings, as well the temperature of pretreatment resulted in high removal of hemicellulose and lignin. The removal of hemicellulose reached 70 % in the pretreated bagasses at 160 °C. The water retention values were lower in bagasses with low hemicellulose content and the crystallinity index (ICcorr) calculated and corrected by pretreatment yields increased under high temperature. The severity factor pretreatment did not correlate with the enzymatic conversion of cellulose and hemicellulose, but the highest removal of hemicellulose promoted a better action of enzymes on substrates. The effect of enzyme concentration on the hydrolysis of pretreated bagasses was not proportional to the conversion of cellulose, with an evident improvement of conversion, when the enzyme loading was increased at the lowest pretreatment temperature. The percentage of adsorption of enzyme mixture in pretreated bagasse was low for the bagasses evaluated, but for Avicel, this percentage increased in 1.6 times. Ninhydrin and Bradford tests to protein determination showed similar results, resulting in a low amount of protein in the pulp and high amount of protein in the washings, respectively.
7

Développement d’un pansement à libération controlée d’une protéine spécifique anti-biofilm bactérien. Application aux plaies chroniques. / Development of a wound dressing for the release of a specific anti-biofilm protein. For chronic wound healing

Bou Haidar, Naila 11 December 2019 (has links)
Le biofilm bactérien constitue un obstacle majeur à la cicatrisation des plaies. Par ailleurs, il est responsable de l’émergence d’une résistance et d’une tolérance accrues aux antibiotiques. Par conséquent, le développement de systèmes de délivrance contrôlée d’un agent ciblant la structure du biofilm apparaît comme une approche thérapeutique alternative indispensable et urgente pour la prise en charge des plaies chroniques. A travers cette étude, nous avons développé des systèmes membranaires pour pansements libérant une protéine, la dispersine B (DB),capable de cibler de manière sélective la matrice du biofilm, en créant un microenvironnement délétère pour le biofilm bactérien. Pour ce faire, nous nous sommes intéressés aux membranes asymétriques (MAs) à base de polyesters biodégradables tels que le poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate), le poly (butylène succinate-co-butylène adipate) (PBSA), et l’acide polylactique. En incorporant dans la solution de polymère des agents porogènes hydrophiles (APs), nous avons pu obtenir des MAs à porosité élevée, un réseau poreux interconnecté, perméables au dioxygène et à l’eau vapeur. En utilisant l’albumine de sérum bovin, nous avons pu montrer que la capacité de piégeage de la protéine et sa libération contrôlée à partir des MAs de PBSA était influencée par la structure de celles-ci et la présence d’APs résiduels. Les études in vitro ont montré une très grande efficacité anti-biofilm à la fois en inhibition et en dispersion (jusqu’à 80%). Les tests standards normalisés de cytotoxicité in vitro ont montré que les MAs de PBSA non chargées et chargées en DB répondaient aux critères de cytocompatibilité exigées pour une application de type pansement. / Bacterial biofilms are a major obstacle to the wound healing process. In addition, they are responsible for the emergence of resistance and tolerance to antibiotics. Hence, the development of controlled drug delivery systems targeting the bacterial biofilm appears as an urgent and essential alternative therapeutic approach for the effective management of chronic wound. In this work, we developed wound dressings in which a protein, dispersin B (DB), is released capable of selectively targeting the biofilm matrix, creating a deleterious microenvironment for the bacterial biofilm. To this end, we were interested in asymmetric membranes (AMs) from biodegradable polyesters such as the poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate), the poly (butylene succinate-co-butylene adipate) (PBSA) and the polylactic acid. By the incorporation of hydrophilic porogen agents (PA), we were able to obtain AMs with a high level of porosity, exhibiting a porous interconnected network and oxygen and water vapor permeability. Using bovine serum albumin as a model protein, we demonstrated that protein loading and release from the PBSA AMs were affected by the membrane structure and the presence of residual PA. In vitro studies showed highest antibiofilm efficiency both in inhibition and dispersion (up to 80%). Normalized in vitro cytotoxicity standard assays revealed that unloaded and DB-loaded PBSA membranes met cytocompatibility criteria required for wound dressing applications.

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