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Synthesis and characterization of nanostructured, mixed-valent compounds for electrochemical energy storage devicesSong, Min Kyu 10 November 2011 (has links)
The performances of current electrical energy storage systems (both batteries and electrochemical capacitors) are not capable of meeting the ever-increasing demands of emerging technologies. This is because batteries often suffer from slow power delivery, limited life-time, and long charging time whereas electrochemical capacitors suffer from low energy density. While extensive efforts have been made to the development of novel electrode materials, progress has been hindered by the lack of a profound understanding on the complex charge storage mechanism. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to develop novel electrode materials which can exhibit both high energy and power density with prolonged life-time and to gain a fundamental understanding of their charge storage mechanism.
First, nanostructured, thin, and conformal coatings of transition metal oxides have been deposited onto three-dimensional porous substrates of current collectors to form composite electrodes. The structures and compositions of the oxide coatings are further altered by a controlled annealing process and characterized by electron microscopy and spectroscopy, laboratory X-ray diffraction, gas adsorption analysis, and in-situ and ex-situ synchrotron-enabled X-ray diffraction and absorption spectroscopy. The structural features have also been correlated with the electrochemical behavior of the transition metal oxides as an electrode in an electrochemical capacitor. It is found that the electrochemical performance of the composite electrodes depends sensitively on the composition, nanostructure, and morphology of the oxide coatings. When optimized, the electrodes displayed the highest energy and power density with excellent cycling life among all materials reported for electrochemical capacitors. Finally, new charge storage mechanisms have also been proposed for the novel electrode materials based on insights gained from in-situ synchrotron-based X-ray absorption spectroscopy.
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Composite polymer/graphite/oxide electrode systems for supercapacitorsLi, Wei 10 September 2015 (has links)
No description available.
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Carbon Nanotube-Based Composite Fibers for Supercapacitor ApplicationAdusei, Paa Kwasi 01 October 2019 (has links)
No description available.
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Beyond Activated Carbon: Graphite‐Cathode‐Derived Li‐Ion Pseudocapacitors with High Energy and High Power DensitiesWang, Gang, Oswald, Steffen, Löffler, Markus, Müllen, Klaus, Feng, Xinliang 17 July 2019 (has links)
Supercapacitors have aroused considerable attention due to their high power capability, which enables charge storage/output in minutes or even seconds. However, to achieve a high energy density in a supercapacitor has been a long‐standing challenge. Here, graphite is reported as a high‐energy alternative to the frequently used activated carbon (AC) cathode for supercapacitor application due to its unique Faradaic pseudocapacitive anion intercalation behavior. The graphite cathode manifests both higher gravimetric and volumetric energy density (498 Wh kg−1 and 431.2 Wh l−1) than an AC cathode (234 Wh kg−1 and 83.5 Wh l−1) with peak power densities of 43.6 kW kg−1 and 37.75 kW l−1. A new type of Li‐ion pseudocapacitor (LIpC) is thus proposed and demonstrated with graphite as cathode and prelithiated graphite or Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) as anode. The resultant graphite–graphite LIpCs deliver high energy densities of 167–233 Wh kg−1 at power densities of 0.22–21.0 kW kg−1 (based on active mass in both electrodes), much higher than 20–146 Wh kg−1 of AC‐derived Li‐ion capacitors and 23–67 Wh kg−1 of state‐of‐the‐art metal oxide pseudocapacitors. Excellent rate capability and cycling stability are further demonstrated for LTO‐graphite LIpCs.
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