This thesis provides an inter-disciplinary study of selected works by Ingmar Bergman. I explore how key concepts from Melanie Klein and Jean-Paul Sartre apply to the focus on characters in a state of heightened imagination; and the value placed on imagination in the construction of these films. This involves recognition of the way an active response from the viewer is encouraged. Klein, Sartre and Bergman also attend to contextual factors that challenge any notion of subjectivity as sovereign and the power of imagination is frequently placed in a social context. All three figures develop their ideas within specialised fields drawing on the influence of others. Chapter 2 shows how Klein’s ideas relate to the influence of Freud before exploring how her work can be applied to Bergman’s films through the example of Wild Strawberries. Chapter 3 concentrates on Sartre’s early work, The Imaginary and considers how this is significant in relation to some of Sartre’s better-known philosophical ideas developed during and after the Second World War. These ideas will lead to an exploration of The Seventh Seal. Chapters 4, 5, and 6 focus on three films from distinct parts of Bergman’s career: Summer with Monika, The Virgin Spring and Hour of the Wolf. In Chapter 4 this will be preceded by a brief over-view of three more films from the early part of Bergman’s career. These chapters explore how Kleinian and Sartrean ideas can be incorporated in close analysis, and alongside selected critical responses to the films. The analysis integrates key points from Klein and Sartre in a methodology specific to film studies. This will include analysis of cinematic elements such as camera work and lighting, and recognition of narrative structure and character development

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:12:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcelo Juca.pdf: 629535 bytes, checksum: 95910b700e53b7b51502db3fb6d58c69 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-08 / Laughter finds in the social the fullest way to manifest itself. Constituted by language, it compliments, denounces and puts forth the multitude of wishes which pass through the symptomatic signs of culture. The pleasure obtained from irony or laughter pleases the ego or the mass, and demands constant repetitions to fulfill the libido. This work is based in the consequences, on the communication field, of the assertive ridendo castigat mores assertion (with laughter the habits are punished). The wit, especially the published ex-professo by the media, obtain not only funny sense as like can name the forbidden true. The main objective of this work, based on the humour studes and the Joke teory of Freud, include the politically incorrect that obtain pleasure in the readres as well inquire the social power. In this case of the brazilian media, three important publications, of different times, are studed: the journal A Manha, of Barão de Itararé; the Pasquim and the piauí magazine, analyzed by psychoanalytical semiotics, as example the pleasure obtained from laught and the social critic act. The first and second chapters contemplate the essence of laughter and its inherently humane quality of creating pleasure. The third and fourth ones treat historical matters of mass communication and the brazilian press, and the fifth and final penetrates in the freudian structure by means of the daily praxis and puts the laughter on a polymorphous position to unveil the malaise in the civilization / O riso encontra no âmbito social o modo mais pleno de se manifestar. Deflagrado pela linguagem, elogia, denuncia e evidencia a multiplicidade de desejos que perpassam os signos sintomáticos da cultura, nos regimes por eles constituídos. O prazer conquistado da ironia ou da gargalhada agrada um ego ou a massa, e demanda constantes repetições para saciar a libido. Este trabalho baseia-se nas conseqüências, no campo da comunicação, da assertiva Ridendo castigat mores (Com o riso se castigam os costumes). Os ditos espirituosos, especialmente os veiculados ex-professo pela mídia, produzem não apenas efeitos engraçados de sentido, como podem nomear verdades proibidas. O objetivo da pesquisa, ancorada por estudos sobre o humorismo e a teoria dos chistes de Freud, abrange os dizeres politicamente incorretos que não somente geram prazer nos leitores, como também questionam os poderes constituídos. No caso da imprensa brasileira, são estudadas três publicações representativas de épocas distintas: o jornal A Manha, do Barão de Itararé; o Pasquim e a revista piaui, analisadas pelo prisma da semiótica de extração psicanalítica, a fim de exemplificar o riso como satisfação e como elemento de crítica social. O primeiro e o segundo capítulo contemplam a essência do risível e sua qualidade propriamente humana de gerar prazer. O terceiro e o quarto tratam das questões históricas da comunicação de massa e a imprensa brasileira, e o quinto, por fim, desenvolve a leitura da práxis cotidiana que coloca o riso em posição privilegiada para desnudar o mal-estar na civilização