A test of preference for accepting or rejecting electrical stimulation of the rat's septal area revealed individual differences: "positive" reactors sought the stimulation; "negative" reactors escaped from it. All animals escaped from electrical stimulation of the dorsal tegmental area. [...]

Since the cortex is the highest integrating center in the mammal and the most accessible, it is natural that it should have been the object of much experimentation. One way of investigating the functions of the cortex is to remove it entirely, and study the behavior of the decorticate animal. [...]

There is evidence that the long-term memory of an event is established by processes that continue in the nervous system for a period of time after the event has occurred. Muller and Pilzecker (1900) postulated the existence of such a consolidation process as an explanation for retroactive inhibition, which is caused by the learning of interpolated material. [...]

The electroencephalogram (EEG) has made a limited contribution to an understanding of psychological processes. Changes in the frequency and localization of the predominant background rhythms parallel physiological development from infancy to adulthood; variations of the normal EEG pattern also reflect changes in the states of sleep and waking. [...]

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Research has found that men’s sexual response demonstrates specificity; men’s genital sexual arousal patterns to sexual stimuli match their stated sexual orientation. Heterosexual women’s genital responses are nonspecific in that they show sexual responses to both their preferred and non-preferred gender (Chivers, 2010). It is unclear why women show this pattern; however, examining the specific stimulus features associated with sexual arousal in women may provide clarification. Prepotent sexual features, that is, stimuli that involuntarily elicit nervous system activity (cf. Lang, Rice & Sternbach, 1972), may be associated with an automatic sexual response (Blader & Marshall, 1989; Chivers, 2005; Ponseti et al., 2006; Van Lunsen & Laan, 2004). It is possible that heterosexual women show genital responses to both preferred and non-preferred stimuli because prepotent sexual features are present in both male and female sexual stimuli. In order to better understand women’s nonspecific genital response, we examined whether stimulus prepotency was associated with nonspecific sexual response in heterosexual women. We assessed 36 heterosexual women’s genital and subjective arousal to slideshows of male and female prepotent stimuli (erect penises and aroused vulvas), non-prepotent stimuli (flaccid penises and female pubic triangles), and neutral stimuli (images of clothed men and women engaged in nonsexual activities). Counter to prediction, women demonstrated category-specific genital and subjective sexual responses, such that sexual arousal was significantly higher to prepotent male stimuli (images of erect penises) versus prepotent female stimuli; genital responses were nonspecific to non-prepotent and neutral stimuli. Results are discussed in terms of the sexual competency of stimuli and the Information Processing Model of Sexual Response. / Thesis (Master, Psychology) -- Queen's University, 2011-09-29 10:36:22.441

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