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Le droit des contrats publics a subi, depuis une trentaine d'années, une évolution sans précédent, en particulier dans le cadre des contrats administratifs. La multiplication des textes encadrant la pratique des contrats, dans le droit national et dans le droit de l'Union européenne, tend à présenter des notions et des régimes hétérogènes et désordonnés. Or, analysés à travers le prisme du financement, les contrats publics trouvent une cohérence, d'une part, et retrouvent leur essence, d'autre part. Le financement permet de comprendre les dynamiques économiques à l'œuvre dans le droit des contrats publics. Il s'agit dès lors d'observer les différentes techniques et modalités de financement complexes à l'œuvre dans les contrats publics pour arriver à la conclusion que les contrats publics s'en trouvent enrichis. Par ailleurs, le financement constitue le critère idoine pour structurer les contrats publics dans une dichotomie achat-public concession.Toutefois, l’interaction entre les deux notions ne se limite pas à une approche unilatérale. Les contrats publics permettent effet de saisir le financement. Il apparaît que le financement institutionnel, reposant sur les ressources fiscales et les emprunts contractés par l'Administration, ne répond que de manière insuffisante aux besoins d'intérêt général. C'est pourquoi le recours au contrat public est indispensable pour libérer le financement public, ce qui a pour effet de métamorphoser les contrats publics, au point d'être mis en mesure d'en dégager une théorisation. / The law of public contracts underwent, since around thirty years, an unprecedented evolution, in particular within the framework of public service contracts. The increase of texts framing the practice of contracts, in the national law and in the law of the European Union, tends to present notions and heterogeneous and muddled systems. Now, analyzed through the prism of the financing, the public contracts find a coherence, on one hand, and find their sens, on the other hand.The financing allows to understand the economic dynamics in the work in the law of public contracts. It is a question from then on of observing the various techniques and the complex financing terms in the work in the public contracts to arrive at the conclusion that the public contracts are enriched there. Besides, the financing establishes the appropriate criterion to structure the public contracts in a dichotomy public purchase – concession. However, the interaction between both notions does not limit itself to a unilateral approach. The public contracts allow effect to seize the financing. It seems that the institutional financing, resting on the fiscal resources and the loans contracted by the Administration, answers only in a insufficient way the needs for general interest. That is why the appeal to the public contract is essential to release the public financing, what has the effect of transforming the public contracts, in the point of being enabled to clear a theorization of it.

Contribuições de campanha afetam decisões públicas ou a atuação pós-eleitoral de atores políticos? Cientistas Políticos debruçam-se sobre esta questão há bastante tempo. No entanto, as respostas obtidas foram sempre ambíguas. Argumenta-se aqui que esta ambigüidade é em parte resultado de dificuldades metodológicas, muitas vezes malendereçadas, enfrentadas pelos analistas, como os problemas relativos a simultaneidade, a variáveis omitidas, geralmente não-observáveis, e ao estabelecimento do contrafatual adequado. Neste trabalho procuraremos contornar estes problemas através da utilização do método quase-experimental de regressão descontínua. Especificamente, iremos examinar a relação entre contribuições de campanha e a alocação de contratos públicos no Brasil. A pergunta a ser respondida é: existiu efeito de se exercer o mandato de deputado federal sobre os contratos públicos futuros recebidos por doadores dos candidatos na eleição de 2006? A conclusão a que se chegou foi de que a análise realizada nos permite afirmar que ter exercido ao menos um ano do mandato de deputado federal parece ter influenciado a quantidade de contratos públicos recebidos pelos doadores de candidatos eleitos por pequena margem na eleição de 2006, no Brasil, se consideramos apenas empresas que doaram para eleitos e apenas empresas que doaram para não-eleitos. / Do campaign contributions affect public decisions or the post-election actions of political actors? Political Scientists have battled this issue for a long time. However, the responses achieved have always been somewhat ambiguous. In this work it is argued that this ambiguity is partly the result of methodological difficulties, poorly addressed at many occasions, faced by the analysts, such as the problems of simultaneity, omitted variables, generally unobservable, and the establishment of the appropriate counterfactual. In this work we will try to circumvent these problems by using the quasi-experimental method of regression discontinuity. Specifically, we will examine the relationship between campaign contributions and the allocation of public contracts in Brazil. The question to be answered is whether there was an effect of exercising the mandate of federal deputy on future contracts received by donors to federal deputy candidates in the 2006 election? The conclusion reached was that the analysis allows us to affirm that having exercised at least one year of office for a federal deputy seems to have influenced the amount of contracts received by the donors of candidates elected by small margins in the 2006 election, in Brazil, if we consider companies who donated only to elected candidates and only to non-elected candidates.

Magister Legum - LLM / Municipalities in South Africa are increasingly outsourcing municipal services, including basic municipal services such as water and sanitation services and refuse collection and disposal. The Constitution places onerous duties on municipalities to respect and promote human rights in the exercise of the powers and the performance of their functions. These duties are particularly prevalent when a municipality is deciding on the optimal service delivery mechanism for basic municipal services. It is thus crucial for the policy and legislative environment regarding municipal outsourcing to be firm and clear and for the municipality to ensure satisfactory implementation of outsourcing projects, including contract management. This thesis examined the policy and legislative framework governing municipal outsourcing and described the general features of a range of current South African outsourcing contracts. It also questioned whether the policy and legislative framework are consistent in their objectives and assessed how these objectives are carried through and translated into the contract drafting and implementation phases of outsourcing. / South Africa

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Public administration scholars have raised serious concerns about loss of democratic accountability when government services are outsourced to private forprofit businesses because of the very different values and missions of the two sectors. Particular concern for democratic accountability arises when administrative discretion is delegated to governments' private sector agents. Furthermore, if contractors may adversely impact individual rights or interests, or may adversely impact vulnerable populations, special democratic responsibilities arise. It is these three features of outsourcing transactions that constitute the elements of the proposed framework used in this research in order to assess need for heightened attention to democratic accountability. Some scholars argue for application of constitutional and administrative law norms to some government contractors. / Public service ethics and transparency requirements found in administrative law are heavily value-laden and mission-driven. If applied to certain government contractors, they can help to bridge the sectors' mission and value differences, thus enhancing democratic accountability for the services performed by governments' private sector agents. This research offers an analytical framework for identifying features of outsourcing transactions that call for enhanced democratic accountability measures such as ethics and transparency requirements, and explores the application of ethics and transparency requirements to governments' contractors. Contracts and laws governing three Florida local government service categories were subjected to close systematic textual and legal analysis: residential trash collection, building code inspection, and inmate health care. / The analysis revealed circumstances calling for greater attention to democratic accountability in that the selected outsourcing transactions delegated to contractors the authority to exercise police power, make public policy, and commit expenditures of public funds. Contracts and laws haphazardly required contractors to abide by public service ethics and transparency requirements, thus beginning to adapt the mission and value system of their private sector agents to those of government. / Rebecca L. Keeler. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2010. / Includes bibliography. / Electronic reproduction. Boca Raton, Fla., 2010. Mode of access: World Wide Web.

by Asano Masashi. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 97-98). / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / TABLE OFCONTENTS --- p.iii / LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS --- p.iv / LIST OF TABLES --- p.v / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.vi / Chapter / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter II. --- METHODOLOGY --- p.7 / Chapter III. --- PROFIT MARGIN ANALYSIS --- p.22 / Chapter IV. --- SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS --- p.39 / Chapter V. --- COST ESTIMATE ANALYSIS --- p.48 / Chapter VI. --- INDUSTRY PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS --- p.76 / Chapter VII. --- CONCLUSION --- p.87 / APPENDIXES --- p.89 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.97

Zugl.: Berlin, Humboldt-Universiẗat, Diss., 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 207-216).

published_or_final_version / Real Estate and Construction / Master / Master of Science in Construction Project Management

Municipalities in South Africa are increasingly outsourcing municipal services, including basic municipal services such as water and sanitation services and refuse collection and disposal. The Constitution places onerous duties on municipalities to respect and promote human rights in the exercise of the powers and the performance of their functions. These duties are particularly prevalent when a municipality is deciding on the optimal service delivery mechanism for basic municipal services. It is thus crucial for the policy and legislative environment regarding municipal outsourcing to be firm and clear and for the municipality to ensure satisfactory implementation of outsourcing projects, including contract management. This thesis examined the policy and legislative framework governing municipal outsourcing and described the general features of a range of current South African outsourcing contracts. It also questioned whether the policy and legislative framework are consistent in their objectives and assessed how these objectives are carried through and translated into the contract drafting and implementation phases of outsourcing.