This work is about the problem of high recidivism rate in the Czech Republic, which highlights the inefficiency Czech prisons in their resocialization function, ie. the effort to reintegrate people into society after imprisonment, who are at risk of social exclusion and criminal recidivism,which is called tertiary crime prevention as a process. The phenomenon of recidivism is very complex - includes the issue of social exclusion, racial discrimination, addictology and the crisis of social mobility in society. It must be patiently addressed on many levels, using long-term strategies. The effective functioning of the penitentiary care focused on prevention in the objective of any society. Reducing recidivism means reduced costs from the state budget, ensuring the safety and protection of the entire society from criminal acts provides a suitable environment for the development of the whole society, and providing care for those who clashed with the law, it is important in terms of social justice. Social stigma of criminal history is often worse than the actual time behind bars.

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La circulation des normes juridiques est un phénomène étudié par un courant international de recherche nommé policy transfer 
studies qui s'intéresse néanmoins peu aux normes pénales. Pourtant, les processus de globalisation ont rendu la circulation de ces normes plus rapide, plus intense et plus complexe durant les dernières décennies. A partir de trois études de cas, notre travail montre comment la circulation des normes pénales est largement influencée par l’harmonisation européenne, par la diffusion de l’idéologie néolibérale ayant accompagné un tournant punitif dans les politiques criminelles de la plupart des pays européens ainsi que par l’émergence de crimes transnationaux qui exigent des solutions similaires. Nous caractérisons les limites de ces convergences et les analysons dans plusieurs cadres théoriques empruntés à la sociologie de la déviance afin de comprendre ce qu'elles impliquent pour ceux qui veulent comprendre le processus législatif au niveau national / The circulation of legal norms is a phenomenon studied by an international research current named policy transfer studies which has however little interest in criminal norms. Nevertheless, during the last several decades, the globalization processes have made the circulation of these norms faster, more intense and more complex. Based on three case studies, our work shows how the circulation of criminal norms is widely influenced by European harmonization processes, by the diffusion of the neoliberal ideology that accompanied a punitive turn in the criminal policies of most European countries and by the emergence of transnational crimes that require similar solutions. We will characterize the limits of these convergences and analyze them in several theoretical frameworks borrowed from the sociology of deviance in order to understand their implications for those who want to grasp the legislative process on the national level

This issue focuses on the sanctioning of corporate crime. The reason and background for this is a planned change in the law in Germany, which could have an impact on companies worldwide, if they engage in commercial activities in Germany.

In summer 2019 the German Federal Ministry of Justice has unveiled a draft Corporate Sanctioning Act (Verbandssanktionengesetz) to combat corporate crime. In this article, the author comments on the intended changes and highlights some issues that could be better solved differently in practice.

In August 2019, the Federal Ministry of Justice submitted a draft for a corporate crime act. This draft will end a decade-long debate on the criminal liability of legal persons and profoundly change the criminal prosecution in the area of economic criminal law. The article classifies the legislative project in the current discourse on criminal policy, reports on the content of the draft and gives a critical commentary on individual points.

After long discussions about the introduction of corporate criminal liability, the German Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection presented a first draft bill for a new Corporate Sanctions Act in August 2019. The act introduces a major shift in German Criminal law by proposing severe sanctions on companies for corporate criminal offenses. It includes regulations on internal investigations, compliance management systems and legal privilege. Since it was published, the act is discussed intensely among legal experts, politicians and the public. The following article presents the most important provisions of the draft bill. In addition, the authors compare the act to further jurisdiction’s legislation, discuss potential impacts on companies, and provide proposals for improvements for the further legislative process

Swedish criminal law does not allow for corporate criminal liability as it is built on the basic principle of personal criminal liability, meaning that only private individuals are considered able to possess criminal liability and consequently commit crimes. However, a corporation may be subject to corporate fines and other sanctions if a crime has been committed during the corporation’s operations. Corporate fines are the closest equivalent to corporate criminal liability under Swedish law, which sole purposes is punitive although it has been deemed impossible to categorize corporate fines as a punishment in the strictest sense. This article will further explain the design of corporate fines today, the problems resulting from corporations not being able to possess criminal liability as well as the proposed changes to corporate fines from a critical perspective.

The principle that legal entities can be held criminally liable was first introduced into Belgian law in 1999. Some 20 years later, Belgian Parliament reviewed the rules, and adopted a number of significant changes. The present article offers a high-level overview of the currently applicable legal regime.

The aim of this article is to illustrate potential conduits for money laundering in the consulting sector in Austria, Germany, Liechtenstein, and Switzerland. A qualitative content analysis of 100 semi-standardized expert interviews with both criminals and prevention experts was conducted, along with a quantitative survey of 200 compliance officers, allowing for the identification of concrete methods of money laundering in the consulting sector. Due to their excellent reputation, consulting companies in German-speaking countries in Europe continue to be extraordinarily attractive to money launderers. Most notably, they can be used for layering and integration, as well as for working around various issues with tax codes. As the qualitative findings are based on semi-standardized interviews, they are limited to only the 100 interviewees’ perspectives. The identification of loopholes and weaknesses in the current anti-money laundering mechanisms is meant to provide compliance officers, law enforcement agencies, and legislators with valuable insights into how criminals operate, with the aim of helping them to more effectively combat money laundering. While the previous literature focuses on organizations fighting money laundering and on the improvement of anti-money laundering measures, this article illustrates how money launderers operate to avoid arrest. Prevention methods and criminal perspectives are equally taken into account.