Banking industry has been playing a significant role in the process of economic development of Taiwan. There exists an inseparable relationship between its operation quality and the steady growth of national economy. Nevertheless, the drastically increasing numbers of bank in the recent years have caused a vicious competition in this industry. Meanwhile, the global economic recession also leads to the continuous rise of the percentage of nonperforming loans, ever-reducing profit earning as well as the financial chaos and crisis in the banking industry. This study adopts a more reliable efficiency evaluation method------ Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) to judge the operation performance of banks. Besides, the CCR model and BCC model in DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) are employed to explore whether the source of low efficiency comes from pure technical efficiency or from scale efficiency. Through slack variable analysis, this study suggests some room of improvement for the input and output of the low-efficiency banks. In view that the percentage of nonperforming loans is one of the essential factors for evaluating the operation performance of banks, this study puts it in the output variable of DEA so as to overcome the paradoxical isotonicity being caused. After verification is made by the study, the results show that it is really workable.

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本研究以民國75至86年間，新銀行開放設立前已存在之本國舊銀行實際經營資料，利用資料包絡分析法估計成本效率值，並將之分解為純技術效率、規模效率及配置效率。再利用Tobit迴歸分析，以探討開放新銀行設立對本國舊銀行經營效率之影響。 研究結果發現，整體舊銀行投入資源之運用效率，仍有很大的改善空間。此外，成本無效率之來源主要為技術無效率。 考慮其他影響效率之因素後，開放新銀行設立對舊銀行之經營效率具有顯著之正向影響。此結果顯示新銀行設立對舊銀行之經營形成很大的競爭壓力，導致本國舊銀行不論在資源投入、規模調整或資源配置上，皆積極努力地改善。本實證結果與政府希望透過開放新銀行，對經營僵化之國內銀行業加以刺激，以提升舊銀行經營效率之目標相一致。 / This study empirically examines whether opening up the new banks to establish affects various efficiency ratios of Taiwan old banks or not. It uses Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to assess cost efficiency, pure technical efficiency, scale efficiency and allocative efficiency based on the Taiwan old banks data from 1986 to 1997. Then, applies the Tobit censored regression model to examine the relationship between opening up the new banks to set up and these efficiency measures. The empirical result shows that the usage efficiency of resource inpute of whole old banks isn't up to the appropriate point, so there is plenty of space for improvement. Besides, cost inefficiency primarily results from technical inefficiency, not allocative inefficiency. After considering other factors of the effects of efficiency, it's obviously positive relationship between opening up the new banks to set up and operating efficiency of old banks. The result shows that these new banks establish put competitive stress on the operation of old banks. So those old banks try hard to improve their resource input, scale adjustment, or resource allocation, etc. This result corresponds with the government's intention to raise the operating efficiency of original banks.