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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Systematics of black and white species of the genus Diaphania Hubner (1818) (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae:Pyraustinae)

Clavijo Albertos, Jose Alejandro January 1990 (has links)
A taxonomic study of 32 species (including 4 new species)belonging to the so-called "black and white" Diaphania is presented. The genus Diaphania and all the species treated are redescribed, except D. antillia Munroe. Diaphania is divided into the "hyalinata", "fumosalis" and "auricollis" species-groups; keys are given for these groups and for the species studied. / Lectotypes and paralectotypes are designated for: Glyphodes columbiana Hampson (male lectotype and three males paralectotypes); Glyphodes eurytornalis Hampson (male lectotype and four males paralectotypes); Glyphodes holophaealis Hampson (male lectotype and seven males paralectotypes); Glyphodes magdalenae Hampson (male lectotype and two males paralectotypes); and Glyphodes oeditornalis (male lectotype). The following new synonymies are presented: Eudioptis aclista Meyrick, Glyphodes semibrunnea Druce = Diaphania argealis (Walker); Glyphodes eurytornalis Hampson = Diaphania lucidalis (Hubner); Glyphodes decapitalis Dognin = Diaphania mirabilis (Druce); Glyphodes holophaealis Hampson = Diaphania indica (Saunders); and Glyphodes niveocilia Hampson = Diaphania translucidalis (Guenee). / Some morphological terms are clarified and renamed or named for the first time: anal tuft; male coremata (= parategumen sclerites in this study); and female coremata (= gynecoremata in this study). A new organ (anepisternal scale organ) associated with possible pheromone production and/or distribution is described. / The monophyly of Diaphania is based in the presence of spatulate scales in anal tuft in both sexes; labial palp with scaling of second segment broad, almost as large as the eye; and the presence of gynecoremata. The genus Omiodes is considered the possible sister-group of Diaphania on the basis of a brief phylogenetic analysis of 21 genera which could be associated with Diaphania. / All species studied are found in tropical and subtropical America, except D. indica (Saunders) which has a pantropical distribution. Host plants for the few species for which information is available mostly belong to the family Cucurbitaceae.
2

A phylogenetic analysis of the major lineages of the Crambinae and of the Genera of Crambini of North America (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae).

Landry, Bernard, Carleton University. Dissertation. Biology. January 1992 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Carleton University, 1992. / Also available in electronic format on the Internet.
3

Systematics of black and white species of the genus Diaphania Hubner (1818) (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae:Pyraustinae)

Clavijo Albertos, Jose Alejandro January 1990 (has links)
No description available.
4

Pre-release studies on Zophodia Tapiacola (Dyar) (Pyralidae : Lepidoptera) : a biological control agent against jointed cactus, Optuntia Aurantiaca Lindley

Hoffmann, J. H. January 1976 (has links)
Jointed Cactus, Opuntia aurantiaca Lindley (see frontispiece), is the most important weed plant in South Africa, infesting approximately, 1,2 X 10¹° M² and costing approximately R240 000 per annum. Tordon herbicide effectively kills jointed cactus bushes to which it is applied. However, apart from being expensive and damaging to beneficial vegetation, spray programmes have not successfully controlled the weed because most small O. aurantiaca plants are impossible to detect in the field. Biological control may provide a solution to the problem. Two insects, the cochineal bug, Dactylopius austrinus De Lotto and the pyralid moth, Cactoblastis cactorum Berg., already exercise a degree of control over the weed. The introduction into South Africa of other natural enemies such as Zophodia tapiacola (Dyar) from Argentina, South America, may reduce the density of jointed cactus to below an acceptable economic threshold. Any insect considered for release should not colonise and destroy beneficial plants of which the culivated spineless cacti are the most vulnerable. Pre-release studies on Z. tapiacola have shown that it can only colonise a few species of low growing cacti and that it will not damage the large spineless cacti or other desirable plants. Further, the moths are relatively fecund and each larva destroys significant amounts of O. aurantiaca during its development. Consequently, Z. tapiacola is not only considered safe for release but it has the potential to act as a successful biological control agent of O. aurantiaca in South Africa.
5

Controle químico da broca das meliaceas Hypsipyla grandella zeller (Lepidoptera: pyralidae) em mogno sul americano (Swietenia macrophylla King)

Ribeiro, Alessandro de Magalhães Boccia [UNESP] 31 August 2010 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-08-31Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:19:00Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ribeiro_amb_me_botfca.pdf: 2909394 bytes, checksum: ba9237576f824281e6f657b7cce474c2 (MD5) / A broca das meliáceas Hypsipyla grandella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) é responsável pelo insucesso de inúmeras tentativas de plantações de mogno em diversos países do continente americano. Devido ao alto valor comercial da madeira, ensaios para o controle químico desta praga vêm sendo executados há oito décadas, envolvendo mais de 23 países dos trópicos, sem resultados satisfatórios. Devido à importância econômica e ambiental do mogno, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência do controle químico, através de pulverizações foliares com deltametrina, injeção de inseticidas sistêmicos no tronco e aplicação no solo, associado a podas fitossanitárias, em um plantio experimental de S. macrophylla para controle da broca H. grandella em Garça, SP. O estudo foi dividido em dois experimentos, o primeiro experimento via foliar durante os primeiros 24 meses e o segundo via injeção no tronco e via solo, dos 24 meses até os 38 meses de idade. As avaliações foram feitas no período entre dezembro de 2006 a fevereiro de 2010. Os resultados obtidos foram de 64,21% de eficiência média de deltametrina aplicado via pulverização foliar mensal no período de fevereiro de 2008 a agosto de 2009 e 80% de eficiência média de acefato (75% i.a) aplicado via injeção no xilema em 120 dias após o tratamento, no período de outubro de 2009 a fevereiro de 2010, período de maior incidência da praga na região. Houve diferenças significativas nos tratamentos e no crescimento em altura e diâmetro das árvores, bem como baixa correlação positiva entre o número de ataques da broca e os índices de pluviosidade média e temperaturas médias durante o período de avaliação. Os tratamentos sistêmicos com imidacloprido 2,5%, imidacloprido 20%, imidacloprido 70% e tiametoxam+cipermetrina não apresentaram eficiência significativa / The Latin American mahogany shoot borer Hypsipyla grandella Zeller, is responsible for the failure of numerous attempts to mahogany plantations in several countries in the Americas. Due to the high commercial value of timber, testing for chemical control of this pest are running for eight decades, involving over 23 countries of the tropics, without satisfactory results. Due to economic and environmental importance of mahogany, this study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of chemical control by foliar sprays with deltamethrin, injection of systemic insecticides in the trunk and application in soil associated with plant pruning, planting in an experimental S. macrophylla for borer control H. grandella in Garça, SP. The study was carried out in two experiments. The first one was performed using foliar application during the first 24 months and the second with insecticide applied via trunk injection and via soil, since 24 months to 48 months. The evaluations were performed from December 2006 to February 2010. The results were 64.21% of average efficiency of deltamethrin applied by foliar sprays monthly from February 2008 to August 2009 and 80% average efficiency of acephate (75% a.i.) applied via injection into the xylem in 120 days after treatment in the period October 2009 to February 2010, a period of higher incidence of plague in the region. There were significant differences in treatments and in both height and diameter of trees, and low positive correlation between the number of attacks of the drill and the indices of average rainfall and average temperatures during the evaluation period. Systemic treatments with imidacloprid 2.5%, imidacloprid 20%, imidacloprid 70% and thiamethoxam + cypermethrin showed no significant efficiency
6

The effects of inbreeding and laboratory-rearing on a pyraustid moth, Mimorista pulchellalis Dyar (Lepidoptera: pyraustidae), imported for the biological control of jointed cactus in South Africa

Wright, Margaret Dorothy January 1986 (has links)
Inbreeding was thought to be responsible for the loss in the second filial generation (F₂) of Amalafrida leithella Dyar, Cactoblastis mundelli Heinrich, Nanaia sp. Heinrich, Sigelgaita sp. Heinrich and Sigelgaita transilis Heinrich in the laboratory. This pre-empted the investigation of the effects of inbreeding on another cactophagous moth, Mimorista pulchellalis Dyar, an established biological control agent of jointed cactus in South Africa. Initially three populations were set up. A randomly-mating control (OUT 1) population, and a sibmating experimental (IN 1) population, consisted of laboratory-reared stock . A second experimental population (KR 1) comprised a small number of field-collected randomly-mating individuals which recreated the conditions under which the five abovementioned species were lost. The inbreeding depression of fifteen fitness components was assessed. The mean values of each component in each generation of treatments IN 1 and KR 1 were compared with those of OUT 1. In addition the mean values of IN 1 were regressed against the coefficients of inbreeding since inbreeding depression is linear with respect to the probability of two genes at any locus being homozygous through ancestry. The component egg viability was important because a reduction in OUT 1, IN 1 and KR 1 in the F₂ resulted from mated females producing no viable eggs. Duplicate treatments OUT 2, IN 2 and KR 2 were set up to confirm whether this was a general F₂ phenomenon. Assessment of the fitness components prevented a direct evaluation of the numbers of offspring produced. However a hypothetical estimate of population size and growth rate was made using the percentage survival calculated from life-table analysis. Although not statistically demonstrable in the component analysis, life table analysis indicated that egg viability suffered an inbreeding depression and affected population fitness. It was also evident that treatments OUT 1 and 2 were fitter than treatments IN 1 and 2 and KR 1 and 2 with respect to population fitness. Thus, inbreeding, resulting from sibmating and introduction of a small number of individuals to a laboratorYJ caused a decrease in numbers of offspring produced and population growth rate. This is important in relation to the demise of the cactophagous Lepidoptera and to future biological control programmes.
7

An evaluation of Mimorista pulchellalis (Dyar) (Lepidoptera : Pyraustidae) as a biocontrol agent against jointed cactus in South Africa

Nieman, Erik January 1984 (has links)
From the introduction: The work on Mimorista is divided into two sections: a laboratory orientated study which describes the biology and rearing techniques and a field orientated study where the establishment of the insect and its impact on jointed cactus populations are examined. In the final chapters the integration of this insect in the current control program are discussed and recommendations regarding its future in South Africa are given.
8

Controle químico da broca das meliaceas Hypsipyla grandella zeller (Lepidoptera: pyralidae) em mogno sul americano (Swietenia macrophylla King) /

Ribeiro, Alessandro de Magalhães Boccia, 1975- January 2010 (has links)
Orientador: Carlos Frederico Wilcken / Banca: Edson Luiz Furtado / Banca: Marcilio José Thomazini / Resumo: A broca das meliáceas Hypsipyla grandella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) é responsável pelo insucesso de inúmeras tentativas de plantações de mogno em diversos países do continente americano. Devido ao alto valor comercial da madeira, ensaios para o controle químico desta praga vêm sendo executados há oito décadas, envolvendo mais de 23 países dos trópicos, sem resultados satisfatórios. Devido à importância econômica e ambiental do mogno, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência do controle químico, através de pulverizações foliares com deltametrina, injeção de inseticidas sistêmicos no tronco e aplicação no solo, associado a podas fitossanitárias, em um plantio experimental de S. macrophylla para controle da broca H. grandella em Garça, SP. O estudo foi dividido em dois experimentos, o primeiro experimento via foliar durante os primeiros 24 meses e o segundo via injeção no tronco e via solo, dos 24 meses até os 38 meses de idade. As avaliações foram feitas no período entre dezembro de 2006 a fevereiro de 2010. Os resultados obtidos foram de 64,21% de eficiência média de deltametrina aplicado via pulverização foliar mensal no período de fevereiro de 2008 a agosto de 2009 e 80% de eficiência média de acefato (75% i.a) aplicado via injeção no xilema em 120 dias após o tratamento, no período de outubro de 2009 a fevereiro de 2010, período de maior incidência da praga na região. Houve diferenças significativas nos tratamentos e no crescimento em altura e diâmetro das árvores, bem como baixa correlação positiva entre o número de ataques da broca e os índices de pluviosidade média e temperaturas médias durante o período de avaliação. Os tratamentos sistêmicos com imidacloprido 2,5%, imidacloprido 20%, imidacloprido 70% e tiametoxam+cipermetrina não apresentaram eficiência significativa / Abstract: The Latin American mahogany shoot borer Hypsipyla grandella Zeller, is responsible for the failure of numerous attempts to mahogany plantations in several countries in the Americas. Due to the high commercial value of timber, testing for chemical control of this pest are running for eight decades, involving over 23 countries of the tropics, without satisfactory results. Due to economic and environmental importance of mahogany, this study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of chemical control by foliar sprays with deltamethrin, injection of systemic insecticides in the trunk and application in soil associated with plant pruning, planting in an experimental S. macrophylla for borer control H. grandella in Garça, SP. The study was carried out in two experiments. The first one was performed using foliar application during the first 24 months and the second with insecticide applied via trunk injection and via soil, since 24 months to 48 months. The evaluations were performed from December 2006 to February 2010. The results were 64.21% of average efficiency of deltamethrin applied by foliar sprays monthly from February 2008 to August 2009 and 80% average efficiency of acephate (75% a.i.) applied via injection into the xylem in 120 days after treatment in the period October 2009 to February 2010, a period of higher incidence of plague in the region. There were significant differences in treatments and in both height and diameter of trees, and low positive correlation between the number of attacks of the drill and the indices of average rainfall and average temperatures during the evaluation period. Systemic treatments with imidacloprid 2.5%, imidacloprid 20%, imidacloprid 70% and thiamethoxam + cypermethrin showed no significant efficiency / Mestre
9

Aspect of the biology of sod webworms (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae: Crambinae) and turfgrass inhabiting insects of Virginia

Tolley, Mike P. January 1982 (has links)
Turfgrass is subject to attack by a variety of insect pests. However, there has been no research on the sod webworm pests associated with turfgrass in Virginia and little research on habitat preferences of other insect pests of turf. The purpose of this research was to contribute to the basic knowledge of the biology of sod webworm species in Virginia. There are at least 16 sod webworm species found to occur in Virginia; all can be identified to species level by forewing color patterns. The species complex is distributed nearly evenly throughout Virginia with some species adapted to higher elevations (700m). The species complex is present from spring to late fall. The number of generations and peak flight periods differ depending on the species. Most species were sampled in low numbers except Parapediasia teterrella (Zincken). Accumulated degree-days can predict an additional years worth of occurrence of Microcrambus elegans (Clemens), Crambus lagueatellus Clemens, Pediasia trisecta (Walker) , and Agriphila ruricolella (Zeller), in the Appalachian region of Virginia. Behavior patterns of P. teterrella. M. elegans, and A. ruricolella adults indicate the utilization of shrubs instead of turfgrass as resting sites during the day. In addition, 10 species of 7 families of insects were found to inhabit tall fescue, ryegrass, and bluegrass in Virginia. / Master of Science
10

Field and laboratory trials in Mali to determine the effects of neem extracts on three millet pests, Heliocheilus albipunctella De Joannis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Coniesta ignefusalis Hampson (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and Kraussaria angulifera Krauss (Orthoptera: Acrididae)

Passerini, Julien January 1991 (has links)
Formulations of aqueous neem extracts were sprayed in field experiments. Results showed that a 0.5% and 1% concentrations were effective in reducing grasshopper feeding and diminishing damage caused by the millet stemborer, C. ignefusalis. In 1988, neem diminished egg-laying and mine damage by the headminer, H. albipunctella, but no data were available for 1989 because of the low infestation levels of this pest. / Neem exhibited some systemic activity. Soil applied neem kernel powder partially protected millet against K. angulifera and C. ignefusalis. Neem treated plots yielded more grain and suffered less damage by insect pests than four different cultural practices. Only the addition of fertilizer was superior to neem in reducing yield losses but it was inferior in limiting pest losses. / Experiments to test the residual activity of neem showed that this botanical insecticide can effectively protect millet against K. angulifera for at least seven days, and possibly longer if ultra-violet rays and rainfall are not prevalent. Analysis of plant selection behavior of K. angulifera showed that neem is an antifeedant rather than a repellent. On first to third instar nymphs, growth regulating activity expressed as a difficulty in molting or an absence of sclerotization may occur. Topical applications of neem to the stemborer, C. ignefusalis, also caused growth abnormalities, mostly molting disturbances. Treated larvae that reached the adult stage were malformed. / This research indicates that neem based insecticides offer considerable promise for Sahelian farmers for protecting millet crops. It is effective against K. angulifera, but less effective against the stemborer, C. ignefusalis. Although the data obtained for H. albipunctella in 1988 was promising, it was insufficient to reach any conclusions regarding neem's efficacy with respect to this pest.

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