Hong Kong's aging population has, increased demand for vascular services. Currently, vascular surgery is subsumed under general surgery. The workload on both general surgery and vascular surgery is demanding and hence, not conductive to the development of vascular surgery. The volume of surgery, particularly emergency surgery provided by the Hospital Authority units varies significantly. The collaboration and differentiation of labor at present is not well defined in many centers. This may lead to unnecessary competition and duplication of resources in the long run. This project examined if there is room for improvement in the present situation and provides evidence for relevant service reconfiguration and discusses how Hong Kong can learn from some overseas examples to enhance quality of services delivered to patients. / published_or_final_version / Public Health / Master / Master of Public Health

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This thesis is an investigation into the use of simulation for the study of quality economics within a cell-based manufacturing environment. Quality is, for the purposes of this report, considered to mean conformance to specification. This research identified two distinct areas of study that could be considered part of quality economics. The economic design of quality control procedures is concerned with the "micro" side of quality economics, focusing on single processes, whilst quality costing systems represent the "macro" side, focusing on entire production lines, departments or organisations. A critical analysis of these areas suggested a number of deficiencies. In addition, a number of economic quality models were considered. These were found to focus on the "macro" side of quality economics, with no consideration of the effect of specific changes to specific processes - the "micro" side. It was suggested that simulation would be a suitable approach for overcoming some of these deficiencies. The precedent for the use of simulation to investigate quality economics is considered, with the conclusion that none of the existing approaches reviewed were able to model the manufacturing systems under consideration in sufficient detail. Therefore, a new approach is outlined, and the thesis then describes the development and validation of this approach. A number of examples are given that are intended to both illustrate the simulation approach and, hopefully, provide certain generic information that can be applied to any similar manufacturing process. Conclusions are drawn regarding the success of the project relative to the initial aims, and the contribution to our understanding of quality economics. Finally, a number of recommendations for further work are given.

published_or_final_version / Housing Management / Master / Master of Housing Management

published_or_final_version / Public Administration / Master / Master of Public Administration

Η εργασία αυτή έχει ως σκοπό να αναπτύξει το ρόλο της συσκευασίας και τα χαρακτηριστικά της, καθώς και την σημασία αυτής για τους καταναλωτές. Ειδικότερα στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο, αναλύονται τα βασικά στοιχεία που αφορούν την συσκευασία των προϊόντων, ο ρόλος της καθώς και η διαδικασία σχεδιασμού αυτής. Στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο, αναφέρονται οι αρχές και οι λειτουργίες της συσκευασίας. Στη συνέχεια, στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο, παρουσιάζονται τα χαρακτηριστικά της συσκευασίας, όπως επίσης και τα σημεία ώστε να είναι επιτυχημένη μια συσκευασία. Στο τέταρτο κεφάλαιο της εργασίας, αναπτύσσονται στοιχεία που αφορούν τη σχεδίαση της συσκευασίας και τις «νέες» συσκευασίες. Επιπρόσθετα, στο πέμπτο κεφάλαιο, αναλύονται όλα τα στοιχεία τα οποία θα πρέπει να αναγράφονται στην συσκευασία και παρουσιάζονται κάποια ζητήματα σχετικά με την ανάπτυξη της. Τέλος, διεξήχθη μελέτη στην Αττική Μελισσοκομική Εταιρεία, με σκοπό την αναγραφή του σήματος «e» στις συσκευασίες των προϊόντων ώστε να διασφαλισθεί η ποιότητα και η αξιοπιστία της εταιρείας. / This thesis aims to develop the role of the packaging and its features, as well as the importance of, for the consumers. Especially in the first chapter, analyzing the key elements relating to product packaging, the role and the design process of this. In the second chapter, it been referred to the authorities and functions of packaging. Then, in the third chapter, the characteristics of the packaging were analyzed, as well as the points to be a successful package. In the fourth chapter of the thesis, was developed evidence concerning the design of the packaging and the "new" packaging. Additionally, in the fifth chapter, analyze all the elements that should be listed on the packaging and presented some issues on the development. Finally, a study was conducted in Attiki Company, in order to indicate the signal «e» on product packaging to ensure the quality and reliability of the company.

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