We propose a novel approach for analyzing scribal behavior quantitatively using information about the handwriting of characters. To implement this approach, we develop a computational framework that recovers this information and decomposes the characters into primitives (called strokes) to create a hierarchically structured representation. We then propose a number of intuitive metrics quantifying various facets of scribal behavior, which are derived from the recovered information and character structure. We further propose the use of techniques modeling the generation of handwriting to directly study the changes in writing behavior. We then present a case study in which we use our framework and metrics to analyze the development of four major Indic scripts. We show that our framework and metrics coupled with appropriate statistical methods can provide great insight into scribal behavior by discovering specific trends and phenomena with quantitative methods. We also illustrate the use of handwriting modeling techniques in this context to study the divergence of the Brahmi script into two daughter scripts. We conduct a user study with domain experts to evaluate our framework and salient results from the case study, and we elaborate on the results of this evaluation. Finally, we present our conclusions and discuss the limitations of our research along with future work that needs to be done.

La révision du code est un procédé essentiel quelque soit la maturité d'un projet; elle cherche à évaluer la contribution apportée par le code soumis par les développeurs. En principe, la révision du code améliore la qualité des changements de code (patches) avant qu'ils ne soient validés dans le repertoire maître du projet. En pratique, l'exécution de ce procédé n'exclu pas la possibilité que certains bugs passent inaperçus. Dans ce document, nous présentons une étude empirique enquétant la révision du code d'un grand projet open source. Nous investissons les relations entre les inspections des reviewers et les facteurs, sur les plans personnel et temporel, qui pourraient affecter la qualité de telles inspections.Premiérement, nous relatons une étude quantitative dans laquelle nous utilisons l'algorithme SSZ pour détecter les modifications et les changements de code favorisant la création de bogues (bug-inducing changes) que nous avons lié avec l'information contenue dans les révisions de code (code review information) extraites du systéme de traçage des erreurs (issue tracking system). Nous avons découvert que les raisons pour lesquelles les réviseurs manquent certains bogues était corrélées autant à leurs caractéristiques personnelles qu'aux propriétés techniques des corrections en cours de revue. Ensuite, nous relatons une étude qualitative invitant les développeurs de chez Mozilla à nous donner leur opinion concernant les attributs favorables à la bonne formulation d'une révision de code. Les résultats de notre sondage suggèrent que les développeurs considèrent les aspects techniques (taille de la correction, nombre de chunks et de modules) autant que les caractéristiques personnelles (l'expérience et review queue) comme des facteurs influant fortement la qualité des revues de code. / Code review is an essential element of any mature software development project; it aims at evaluating code contributions submitted by developers. In principle, code review should improve the quality of code changes (patches) before they are committed to the project's master repository. In practice, the execution of this process can allow bugs to get in unnoticed. In this thesis, we present an empirical study investigating code review of a large open source project. We explore the relationship between reviewers'code inspections and personal, temporal and participation factors that might affect the quality of such inspections. We first report a quantitative study in which we applied the SZZ algorithm to detect bug-inducing changes that were then linked to the code review information extracted from the issue tracking system. We found that the reasons why reviewers miss bugs are related to both their personal characteristics, as well as the technical properties of the patches under review. We then report a qualitative study that aims at soliciting opinions from Mozilla developers on their perception of the attributes associated with a well-done code review. The results of our survey suggest that developers find both technical (patch size, number of chunks, and module) and personal factors (reviewer's experience and review queue) to be strong contributors to the review quality.

The aim of this thesis is to analyze how selected national newspapers and television inform the public about education and schooling. Four national newspapers, namely MF Dnes, Deník Právo, Hospodářské noviny and Lidové noviny, as well as four television stations: CT1, CT2, CT24 and TV Nova, were subjected to a quantitative content analysis. The whole research focused on outcomes of 2012. Firstly, it was necessary to describe different views of the definition of education. In addition to the definition of pedagogical focus, dictionary definitions, definitions of historical and ideological nature, we outlined how education is being perceived by selected opinion leaders, followed by an insight into the history and present state of the Czech education system. The results of the quantitative analysis confirmed the hypothesis assuming that media coverage of education and schooling is not sufficient. The media mainly deal with administration, activities of the Ministry of Education and other sub-themes that have nothing to do with what students learn in school within individual subjects. The results of this analysis were compared with the expectations of the target groups - parents. A survey was conducted including a series of semi-structured interviews, results of which indicate that parents are...

The thesis "The Influence of Media on Body Image with Emphasis on the Issue of Eating Disorders" deals with the impact of media on body perception regarding the current beauty ideal, the cult of slenderness as well as the causes of eating disorder spreading in today's world. This thesis aims to determine how media influences body image of the current society and what part it has in the origin of eating disorders. In terms of this aim, the thesis is divided into theoretical background, a part about body image, followed by the part about beauty ideal, then eating disorders and research. The theoretical part discusses the theory of social and media reality, expected media impacts on people as well as selected theories concerning the media impact on body image. The next part deals with the term body image. The third part involves discussion about the ideal of beauty and introduces three current theories about direct impact of media on body image. It also shows some examples from today's media concerning the topic. The fourth part deals with the eating disorders and their media discourse, followed by few examples of their spreading trend and also campaigns against them. The quantitative analysis aims to find out about today's population body image, the importance of appearance and connection between media...

The thesis "Representation of a healthy lifestyle and the ideal of beauty in the media: comparison of lifestyle magazines" deals with the representation and media image of a healthy lifestyle and the ideal of beauty in four Czech printed lifestyle magazines Muscle & Fitness, Dieta, Blesk zdraví and Nová Regena in period from May to October 2013. This thesis aims to analyze presented titles and find out how these magazines represent individual and different way of healthy lifestyle and the ideal of beauty. Under this objective, the content of the thesis is divided into a theoretical part, Czech media system, methodology part and analytical - empirical part. The theoretical part discusses the social and media construction of reality as an anchor basis, follows the theory of media representation, its components narratives and seriality and the theory of stereotyping. It is also analyzed the theoretical framework of lifestyle and the phenomena of contemporary society. The representation of a healthy lifestyle and the ideal of beauty was in examined magazines analyzed by a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods of content analysis, whereby the emphasis was on linking theory and research. Quantitative analysis served as a supporting factor primarily for detecting the basic frequency of...

The thesis examines media interpretation of the Greek financial crisis in selected Czech media. It analyzes framing of this issue in Czech daily newspapers MF DNES, Právo, Hospodářské noviny and Lidové noviny in period of the first five months of 2010 (1.1 - 28.5.2010). Theoretical part of this thesis is based on Robert Etman's concept of framing, which was defined in early 90's. The main research question is which aspects of the Greek financial crisis were selected, and/or emphasized by Czech media and what interpretations were created using these constructions. The analysis is focused on qualitative research of selected articles using method of grounded theory. With this method it comes to interpretation of the Greek financial crisis in Czech media, detailed understanding of analyzed texts and setting up basic means of framing that are used by journalists. Quantitative analysis is exploring selected population of articles in specific period of time and answering basic research questions (How was crisis framed? How daily newspapers interpretation varied? In which way was the crisis interpreted from the perspective of Czech political scene? How did framing changed in time?). Sub-hypotheses coming from qualitative analysis are then further tested. Keywords frame analysis, framing, qualitative...

Diploma thesis examines the form of television market in the age of digitalized terrestrial broadcasting with regard to the extent to which there can be found genre innovations, wider scale of origin countries and the placement of its own or foreign programme premieres. For this purpose, it concentrates on eight new digital channels distributed in terrestrial network; available nationwide, not monothematic and having audience share of at least around one percent. In the theoretical part, there is briefly summarized the history of the digitalization process in the Czech Republic, there are profiles of examined TV channels and thesis also presents extinct or minor digital channels shortly. For research purpose, thesis uses quantitative analysis methodology; it allows to explore larger amount of materials and achieve the general knowledge. The results consist of the comparison between the eight channels in three categories, description of the evolution of programme in the course of the time compared to the first month of broadcasting and contextual contrast using partial analysis of broadcasting of main and then only analogue available channels . The major positive aspect of the new channels is a higher degree of ambiguity genre. However, U.S. still holds important role as origin country of the programmes.

This master thesis "Visual presentation of presidential candidates on Facebook" provides an image analysis of presidential candidates on social network in the period before and during the election in 2013. The theoretical part tackles the role of visual political communication, including image values and ideology, the relationship of the image and the text or media image research and seamlessly continues the formation of the political media image in modern political communication. The following quantitative content analysis analyses the context of the visual media image building within individual profiles of candidates, evaluates the work with images and text components, discusses the question, who creates the media profile of candidates and in combination with the qualitative image analysis reveals specific features of media profile building of individual candidates.

Title: New trends in European Football - analysis of elaborate attack Objectives: The main objektive of this thesis is to explore current trends in modern football. Based on the monitoring of leading European players and football teams, in our case its Switzerlandand and Spain, we would like to analyze offensive system of elaborate attack in chosen matches. Based on the data to evaluate the success of elaborate attack, as it stands in comparison with other offensive systems, as it is used in the individual matches, which puts demands on team and individual players requirements. Then, on the base of following models, evaluate individual situations that lead to a successful overcome of defensive players, and use those data to draw conclusions in the training process for training practice. Methods: This work uses the method of indirect observation in particular matches, that I had available, thanks to the video. The elaborate attack will be monitored in several categories and will be carefully analyzed in qualitative and quantitative terms. Based on these analyzes are developed exercises that can be used in the training process. Results: The results show, how important elaborate attack in football today really is, and how succesfull could it be. Also indicate, what are the most common, and most used...

Title: Analysis of Offence after Active Defence Objectives: The primary objective of this thesis is to implement quantitative and qualitative analysis of offence after reaching the ball during active defence within Bayern Munich matches. Attacks finished with a shot or a final pass. Consequently, the aims in view will be evaluated. Methods: The work uses the indirect observation method in particular matches which were available due to video records. Successful attacks were analysed according to quantity and quality. This analysis is focused on a detailed study of each attack from its foundig thanks to gaining the ball during active defence to its ending. Results: The results show the types and models realized during the monitored attacks of Bayern Munich team within the UEFA Champions League 2012/2013. Further, offensive and defensive phases of the game in the modern aspect of football are clarified. Last but not least, we are able to apply the models in question to different achievement groups. Keywords: UEFA Champions League 2012/2013, football, active defence, offence, cooperation, Bayern Munich, quantitative analysis, qualitative analysis