Dans ma thèse, j'étudie trois questions importantes dans l'économie industrielle. Chapitre 1 étudie l'impact de l'intégration verticale sur l'innovation dans une industrie où les entreprises doivent entreprendre des R&D investissements risqués à des étapes de production et de distribution. L'intégration verticale permet une meilleure coordination au sein de l'entreprise intégrée, qui renforce son incitation à l'investissement aux niveaux amont et en aval. Cependant, ce n'est que bénéfique que pour les entreprises d'intégrer quand innovations à la fois en amont et en aval sont importantes. Quand l'innovation compte qu'à un seul niveau, les entreprises favorisent la séparation verticale. L'analyse donne un aperçu de la vague de fusions et R&D sous-traitance observées dans l'industrie pharmaceutique et d'autres industries verticale. Chapitre 2 étudie l'effet de la discrimination de la qualité sur la conception des produits. Dans le contexte de l'Internet, les fournisseurs de contenu sont l'objet de discrimination de la qualité des fournisseurs de services Internet. Nous montrons que les fournisseurs de contenu sont biaisées à choisir un design plus larges. Cela réduit la différenciation des produits sur le marché, et l'intervention est nécessaire pour atteindre l'efficacité dans le marché du contenu. Le résultat apporte un nouvel éclairage sur le débat sur la neutralité du net, qui impose l'égalité d'accès à tous les participants sur Internet. Chapitre 3 étudie le rôle de la publicité pour attirer et manipuler l'attention des consommateurs. Quand un produit est caractérisé par plusieurs attributs, les entreprises utilisent aussi stratégique annoncés de manipuler l'attention des consommateurs. Un monopole a tendance à annoncer trop peu d'attributs, et la concurrence n'améliore pas nécessairement la situation. En outre, dans une économie de l'attention-rares, la concurrence pour l'attention des consommateurs conduit les entreprises à annoncer moins d'attributs et réduit l'information à la disposition des consommateurs. / In my thesis, I study three important issues in industrial organization. Chapter 1 studies the impact of vertical integration on innovation in an industry where firms need to undertake risky R&D investments at both production and distribution stages. Vertical integration brings better coordination within the integrated firm, which boosts its investment incentive at both upstream and downstream levels. However, it is only mutually beneficial for firms to integrate when both upstream and downstream innovations are important. When innovation only matters at one level, firms favour instead vertical separation. The analysis provides insights for the wave of mergers and R&D outsourcing observed in the pharmaceutical industry and other vertically related industries. Chapter 2 studies the effect of quality discrimination on product designs. In the context of Internet, content providers are subject to quality discrimination from the Internet Service Providers. We show that content providers are biased to choose broader designs. This reduces product differentiation in the market, and intervention is necessary to achieve efficiency in the content market. The result brings new insights into the discussion about net neutrality, which mandates equal access to every participant on the Internet. Chapter 3 studies the role of advertisements in attracting and manipulating attention from consumers. When a product is characterized by several attributes, firms also strategically use advertisements to manipulate the attention of consumers. A monopolist tends to advertise too few attributes, and competition does not necessarily improve the situation. Moreover, in an attention scarce economy, competition for consumers attention leads firms to advertise fewer attributes and reduces information available to consumers.

none

none

<p>The paper is an extensive review of inter organizational relation. Every organization wants to attain the competitive position in the Global market. The organization is effectively utilizing the R&D, production and marketing units, to develop the innovative products to accomplish the consumer needs.  The need for innovation is growing every day. The innovation success depends on the vital link between R&D, production and Marketing. In this paper concentrated on R&D and Marketing units at Ericsson Telecom Company, because these two units are combined and work together to discover new innovative products according to the customer requirements and to improve their operational excellence. The paper analyzed the relation between the R&D and Marketing departments of Ericsson is Strong or weak by using the factors like communication, decision making, formal and informal mechanism between the two units and also identified the relationship between these two units has it improved during last three years (2006- 2008).</p><p>Research Methodology: In this dissertation work the authors were taken the interpretative research. The researchers used Primary data and secondary data. The primary data collected by E mail questions to Ericsson's employees and secondary data collected by Journals, Ericsson home page, magazines and library online database etc.</p><p>Findings: The researchers analyzed the current relationship between R&D and Marketing units at Ericsson Organization. We scrutinized communication, decision making, and formal and informal mechanism are giving positive support and build the strong relationship between two units. The researchers also found few gaps between two units, but the overall relationship between two units were strong. It positively contributes to Ericsson's operational excellence.</p>

The paper is an extensive review of inter organizational relation. Every organization wants to attain the competitive position in the Global market. The organization is effectively utilizing the R&amp;D, production and marketing units, to develop the innovative products to accomplish the consumer needs.  The need for innovation is growing every day. The innovation success depends on the vital link between R&amp;D, production and Marketing. In this paper concentrated on R&amp;D and Marketing units at Ericsson Telecom Company, because these two units are combined and work together to discover new innovative products according to the customer requirements and to improve their operational excellence. The paper analyzed the relation between the R&amp;D and Marketing departments of Ericsson is Strong or weak by using the factors like communication, decision making, formal and informal mechanism between the two units and also identified the relationship between these two units has it improved during last three years (2006- 2008). Research Methodology: In this dissertation work the authors were taken the interpretative research. The researchers used Primary data and secondary data. The primary data collected by E mail questions to Ericsson's employees and secondary data collected by Journals, Ericsson home page, magazines and library online database etc. Findings: The researchers analyzed the current relationship between R&amp;D and Marketing units at Ericsson Organization. We scrutinized communication, decision making, and formal and informal mechanism are giving positive support and build the strong relationship between two units. The researchers also found few gaps between two units, but the overall relationship between two units were strong. It positively contributes to Ericsson's operational excellence.

Investments in R&amp;D activities are essential to firms. Decisions to increase or decrease R&amp;D investments may rely according to changes in macroeconomic factors. The purpose of this paper is: to examine how firms in the industries; manufacturing computers, electronics and optics and manufacturing electrical equipment, have increased or decreased their R&amp;D investments, in conjunction with macro factors during the 2000s. The sample is 49 Swedish firms. This paper is based on quantitative firm-level panel data on R&amp;D activity investments and aggregated quantitative macro-level data on macro factors. The firm-level panel data set has been put together completely from scratch, using collected and transformed raw data. Using a logistic regression model, the results show that macro factors do affect R&amp;D investments on a micro-level, to some extent. Further, the results show that change in macro factors does to a greater extent, affect decreases in R&amp;D investments than increases in R&amp;D investments. The process of increase and decrease of R&amp;D investment should be considered as two different dynamic processes. Increase and decrease do not follow the same pattern, thus a decrease of R&amp;D investments is a more explicit decision than a decision to increase R&amp;D investments.

There has been a long line of studies concerning the nexus between R&amp;D expenditure and Economic Performance. However, there has been little research on this nexus on a regional level in Germany. This paper aims to analyse the relationship between R&amp;D expenditure (total, business sector and public sector each) and GDP per capita at a regional level in Germany for the time period 2000-2017. The method of estimation employed in fixed effects panel regression analysis. It is found that total R&amp;D expenditure and regional GDP per capita have an insiginificant relationship, but a negtiavely significant one when a lagged value of R&amp;D expenditure is considered. The relationship between public R&amp;D expenditure and regional GDP per capita is significantly negative, whereas the relationship between business sector R&amp;D expenditure and regional GDP per capita is insignificant. Further scope for research could include analysing the effect of regional innovation clusters and the role of R&amp;D strategy in improving the economic performance of regions in Germany.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.