<p> Future Situation and Impact Awareness: FuSIA is a mission-centric framework using uncertain observables to determine the current and future impact for critical missions in an application such as protecting a computer network or protecting critical entities in a military environment. FuSIA serves to provide an implement of a domain-agnostic, yet domain-configurable, framework for higher level data fusion processes such as situation, impact, and threat assessment. </p><p> FuSIA ingests groupings of observables called attack tracks to estimate the current state of the assets in the given environment using state estimation. The state estimates can be combined across various in different ways to account for uncertainty through the use of the common mass function, which can be converted into a mission impact score. These assessments can then be processed by a mission tree that calculates the estimated impact of the critical missions, which is modeled by a mission tree. The mission tree uses a modification to the Yager Order-Weighted Aggregators to propagate not only the impact, but also uncertainty into the higher-level missions. The effectiveness of the mission impact calculations was also analyzed to determine how sensitive it was to different levels of uncertainty pertaining to different observables. </p><p> In addition to calculating current mission impact, FuSIA also generates a list of possible futures indicating events that could come to fruition in the near future. This list is pruned down to a human-manageable level through a process that involves assessing the likelihood of the futures using capability and opportunity metrics. </p><p> Finally, FuSIA solves a mixed-integer linear optimization problem for individual nodes on the mission tree while providing a heuristic algorithm to determine an optimal set of enforcers, actions that can be taken to improve a mission, to deploy so as the improve the overall state of the mission.</p>

No description available.

Activity of polyphenol oxidase, concentration of 3, 4- dihydroxyphenylethylamine (dopamine), and concentration of ascorbic acid in the pulp of bananas as they ripened were measured and relationships between these factors and both the extent of browning and the susceptibility to discoloration of the fruit during a 30-minute holding period were studied. Moisture and protein content were determined also. Bananas from three lots were analyzed as purchased and after either two or four days of additional ripening. Initial browning of the filtrates of bananas and the increase in browning upon standing were greater as the fruit ripened. Protein content also increased with ripening. Moisture content of bananas increased significantly in those bananas held for four additional days. The specific activity of polyphenol oxidase (units of activity/mg protein) in bananas decreased with ripening, but when the activity was calculated on a basis of dry weight of banana no significant change was observed. Both the dopamine and ascorbic acid contents decreased in individual bananas with ripening. Decrease in the concentration of dopamine was the variable with the highest correlation to the increase in browning in ripening bananas. Both the increase in browning and the decrease in dopamine in ripening bananas were associated with a decrease in ascorbic acid content. Thus, the concentration of dopamine as influenced in part by concentration of ascorbic acid appears to be the limiting factor in the browning of bananas. The specific activity of polyphenol oxidase did not appear to be a limiting factor in the browning of bananas. Dopamine was located histochemically in the vacuoles of the latex vessels and in a few isolated parenchyma cells of banana. Polyphenol oxidase appeared to occur throughout the pulp. / Graduation date: 1974

Waters of various salinities were secured from the Umpqua estuary, the Umpqua River, and the open ocean near the mouth of the estuary. The rate of oxidation of sulfides in these various waters was investigated to assess the potential longevity of free sulfides in estuarine waters. The rate of disappearance of sulfides showed no simple relationship with salinity. Estuarine water exhibited the fastest rate of oxidation with decreasing rates observed in river water and open ocean water. The effects of aged water samples on the oxidation rate of sulfides were investigated. The results indicated that fresher samples exhibit a faster oxidation rate than aged samples in estuarine, open ocean, and river water. / Graduation date: 1973

An approach to the problem of approximating a continuous probability distribution with a series in orthogonal polynomials is presented. The approach is first motivated with a discussion of theoretical distributions which are inherently difficult to evaluate. Additionally, a practical application which involves such a distribution is developed. The three families of orthogonal polynomials that pertain to the methodology--the Hermite, Laguerre, and Jacobi--are then introduced. Important properties and characterizations of these polynomials are given to lay the mathematical framework for the orthogonal polynomial series representation of the probability density function of a continuous random variable. This representation leads to a similar series for the cumulative distribution function, which is of more practical use for computing probabilities associated with the random variable. It is demonstrated that the representations require only the moments and the domain of the random variable to be known. Relationships of the Hermite, Laguerre, and Jacobi series approximations to the normal, gamma, and beta probability distributions, respectively, are also formally established. Examples and applications of the series are given with appropriate analyses to validate the accuracy of the approximation.

This dissertation investigated the process of lexical access in spoken word production by using a picture naming task which involves very similar processes. Experiment 1 showed that significant repetition priming effect was obtained in this task when the prime was heavily masked and was unavailable to conscious report. In addition, the repetition effect was independent of word frequency. However, a pattern of frequency attenuated priming effects was obtained in Experiment 2 when the prime was unmasked and was named about 10 minutes previously. These results suggest that the masked repetition effect is lexical in nature, whereas the unmasked effect is contaminated by non-lexical sources, such as auditory episodic memory. Experiment 3 showed that the masked repetition effect was independent of the neighborhood density of target names, but the masked form-priming effect was highly constrained by the density. Further, Experiment 4 showed that once the form-related prime became phonologically identical to the picture name the form-priming effect was no longer constrained by the density. In order to distinguish which processing component (lexicalization or production) was responsible for the elimination of the constraint, a picture-fragment matching task was used. Experiment 5A showed that in the matching task, repetition effects were significant and independent of neighborhood density. In contrast with Experiment 4, Experiment 5B showed that the form-priming effect was highly constrained by the density in the matching task. These experiments suggest that (1) the process of phonological encoding is automatic and extremely fast; and (2) the phonological encoding is a necessary process for production but not for lexicalization. In addition, no masked associative priming was obtained in either a picture naming task (Experiment 6) or a picture categorization task (Experiment 7), suggesting that masked priming effects obtained in the present picture processing tasks were not due to facilitation occurring at the semantic or conceptual level. Finally, the robust frequency effects established in picture naming tasks were severely weakened when a picture-fragment matching task was used (Experiment 8). This pattern of results suggests that frequency influences mainly name production rather than name retrieval in picture naming.

Saturated hydrocarbons were extracted from fatty tissue of beef heart and identified by combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A complete series of normal alkanes from C₁₄ to C₃₅ was identified together with three isoprenoid hydrocarbons, 2, 6, 10, 14- tetramethylpentadecane (pristane), 2, 6, 10, 14- tetramethylhexadecane (phytane), and 2, 6, 10- trimethyltridecane. In addition, a C₁₇ branched alkane with an isoprenoid-like fragmentation pattern was identified but the spectrum could not be matched with that of a C₁₇ isoprenoid hydro-carbon reported in sediments. The distribution pattern of the ṉ-alkanes is very similar to that reported in pasture plants, indicating that the ṉ-alkanes are derived from the steer's diet. The isoprenoids have not yet been reported in plant tissues, suggesting that they might be produced in the steer from the phytol side chain of chlorophyll a.

No description available.

This thesis investigates the feasibility of applying a knowledge-based approach to the problem of estimating the future success of a major defense acquisition. This thesis will model the US Government Accountability Office (US GAO) knowledge based methodology for evaluating programs. This methodology relies on three sets of knowledge, namely, technology, design, and production. In particular, the technology dimension is measured by Technology Readiness Level (TRL), as defined by NASA. In addition, the methodology relies on assessing the design readiness of a program by examining the status of the release of engineering drawings. Finally, the US GAO methodology assesses the production readiness of a program by examining the status of Statistical Process Quality Control (SPQC) procedures. This thesis also presents to the ROKAF decision maker an independent, knowledge-based estimation of the ROKAF T-50 program by applying the US GAO methodology to the T-50 program.

The FAst THeater Model (FATHM) is a joint theater-level attrition model that combines a Lanchester ground combat model with a linear program, hereafter the Air model, that determines the optimal allocation of air strikes against ground forces. FATHM models time phased ground battles between two forces BLUE and RED, and calls the Air model based on the outcomes of the most recent ground battle, assuming BLUE air supremacy. This thesis develops an enhanced Air model that endows RED with the ability to actively prepare for BLUE air attacks by deploying dummy targets and anti-aircraft artillery as two augmenting defense plans with the goal to more realistically reduce BLUE effectiveness in killing RED targets and simultaneously increase attrition to attacking BLUE aircraft. This Air model is a mixed integer program (MIP), a defender-attacker model, with RED as the defender and BLUE as the attacker. The MIP is a cost- and resource-interdicted model, combining interdiction-induced costs with restrictions on resources for some constraints. This new defender-attacker model provides an optimal defense plan by RED in anticipation of optimized BLUE air attacks without changing FATHMâ s basic concept or structure. We demonstrate defensive actions by RED that can significantly reduce the BLUE attackerâ s effectiveness.