Bakgrund: Andelen stabillinstillpassningar (RGP-tillpassningar) i förhållande till totala tillpassningar är relativt låg i världen och Sverige är inget undantag. Anledningar till detta är många även om ett flertal nya RGP- linsdesigner som Orto-K och minisklerala blivit tillgängliga de senaste två decennierna. Syfte: Syftet med enkätundersökningen var att ta reda på varför andelen tillpassade stabila linser är relativt lågt i Sverige, samt för att undersöka varför de som inte jobbar med dessa linstyper, inte gör det. Metod: En enkät med ca 20 frågor som skickades till Optikerförbundets 1550 medlemmar via e-mail, samt en intervju utfördes med en synscentralsoptiker för att få insikt i hur optiker på syncentralen ser på detta. Därefter sammanställdes och analyserades svaren. Resultat: Utav de 1550 optiker i Optikerförbundet var det 359 som besvarade enkäten. Ungefär 30% utav dessa tillpassade RGP-linser, och majoriteten jobbade inom privatägda- eller franchisebutiker. De som kände sig bekväma med att tillpassa stabila linser sa att det beror på egen erfarenhet (49%), vana (15%) och kunskap (14%). De vanligaste anledningarna som angavs av de som inte tillpassar var att RGP-linser ”finns ej i butik”, eller beror på ” för litet kundunderlag” och ”ingen efterfrågan” samt på deras ”bristande kunskap”. Det var dock flera som ställde sig positiv till RGP-linser (76%) och kunde tänka sig tillpassa dem. Slutsats: Studien visar att användningen av RGP-linser är så liten i Sverige p.g.a. bristande kunskap, saknat utbud hos butiker och för litet kundunderlag enligt optiker. / Background: The proportion of stable lens (RGP) fittings relative to total fitting is relatively low in the world, and Sweden is no exception. There are many reasons for this, despite that a few new RGP lens designs, such as the Ortho-K and mini-scleral lenses, have become available over the past two decades. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the reasons as to why the proportion of RGP lens-fittings is low in Sweden and to map the viewpoints of optometrists with licences to fit contact lenses, regarding why they choose not to fit this group of lenses. Method: A web-based survey with 20 questions was distributed to the 1550 members of the Swedish association of Optometrists via members-email. Questions focussed on fitting demographics, the reasons why those who did fit RGP-lenses felt comfortable doing this, and why those who did not fit this lens type choose not to. In addition, an interview with an optometrist working at a hospital eye-clinic was also conducted. Result: Among the 1550 members of the Swedish association of Optometrists, 359 responded to the survey. Approximately 34% of these fitted RGP-lenses and the majority worked in private self-owned or franchise stores. Those who felt comfortable fitting stable lenses said that it was because they had experience (49%), routine (15%) and knowledge (14%) within the field. The most common reasons given by those who did not fit RGP-lenses, as to why they did not fit RGP-lenses were that this lens type “was not available in the clinic”, that there were “too few customers” or “lack of demand” and that they “lacked essential knowledge”. There were however a majority of this group (76%) who were positive to fitting RGPlenses themselves Conclusion: Because of lack of knowledge, the missing of supply at stores and the lack of patients according to opticians, the amount of RGP-lens fitting in Sweden is low.

Master´s thesis Ethical and Social Audit of company RGP CZ s. r. o. deal about ethic audit in this company. The theoretical part is focused on the elementary prescription of the enterpreneurial ethics, it´s definition, evolution and reasons for ethical behaviour of enterprises. Important aspekt is also measurement of enterpreneurial ethic and consequently the tools of enterpreneurial ethic, which serve the purpose of realisation of ethical programme of the enterprise. The applied, practical part of this dissertation is the ethic audit of company RGP CZ s. r. o. and evaluation of this audit. Results are presented by recommendations for the company, how it shall proceed the improvements of the ethical behaviour of the company.

The reduction in visual performance typically found in keratoconic patients is believed to be associated with large magnitudes of uncorrected irregular astigmatism and higher-order aberrations (HOAs). Previous studies indicate that correcting HOAs in keratoconus patients may result in an improvement in visual performance. This thesis explores the correction of HOAs using standard sphero-cylindrical and customised aberration-controlling soft contact lenses in 22 patients with keratoconus. The findings of this work may be useful from a clinical perspective, as some keratoconic patients cannot tolerate rigid gas-permeable (RGP) contact lenses and have few alternatives, excluding surgical intervention, for vision correction. This thesis firstly describes a series of preliminary studies conducted to improve our current understanding of the HOAs manifested in keratoconus. The results of these investigations suggested that alterations in aberrations, due to changes in accommodation or variations in the pre-corneal tear film post-blink, were unlikely to hinder the correction of HOAs for keratoconic patients. Equally, it was ascertained that subjective refraction data provided significantly better visual acuity compared to objective, aberrometry-derived refractions for patients with keratoconus. The findings also show that both lower-order aberrations (LOAs) and HOAs displayed a larger degree of variability in keratoconic eyes compared to those previously reported for visually-normal subjects. Furthermore, significant increases in 3rd-order coma root mean square aberrations were found after temporarily suspending RGP contact lens wear for 16 keratoconic patients. The results of two clinical studies suggested that standard sphero-cylindrical soft lenses can, to some extent, mask HOAs in keratoconic patients; however, the visual performances achieved were found to be poorer compared to RGP lenses. Equally, the results showed that RGP lenses provide superior visual performances compared to customised, aberration-controlling lenses, in spite of the customised lenses providing comparable reductions in uncorrected HOAs. The inducement of superfluous HOAs and LOAs, through customised contact lens translations and rotations, were modelled using MatLab (version 7.6.0.324; The Mathworks, Natick, MA, US). The results confirmed that minimising the decentration of aberration-controlling contact lenses, to less than 5 degrees of rotation and less than 0.50 mm of translation, will help to achieve an optimal correction of HOAs. However, more stringent criteria were required for LOAs, where rotational displacements should be reduced to less than 3 degrees and translational displacements should be limited to less than 0.10 mm. In conclusion, the correction of HOAs for patients with keratoconus is possible using customised, aberration-controlling soft contact lenses; however, several factors will govern their success, including the repeatability and accuracy of HOA measurements for these irregular corneas, and the stability of the customised lenses on-eye.

This thesis is dedicated to the principles of a MP3 audio format decoding on available develpoment kits powered by ARM processors. It compares kit MCB2300 with LPC2378 microcontroller and kit Raspberry Pi with Debian operation system. The comparsion is focused on their suitability for MP3 decoder implementation. A complete design of support hardware modules, which complement the missing hardware of development kits is described in detail. Thesis includes the realization of an implementation of a MP3 decoder with additional visual effects in a form of an attached RGB LED strip developed on a Raspberry Pi development kit.