[pt] Esta pesquisa apresenta casos de estudo de aplicações de engenharia, como a propagação eletromagnética em guias de onda uniformemente curvados com seção transversal retangular, operando em frequências típicas dos sistemas de rede móvel 5G e 6G. Neste trabalho, apresentamos o problema de valor de contorno e abordamos técnicas numéricas para resolver as equações de Maxwell em guias de onda curvados, visando soluções para o problema de autovalores associado. Primeiro, o método de Point Matching é empregado como uma alternativa para resolver esse tipo de problema por meio do rastreamento de zeros do determinante de uma matriz. Em seguida, utilizamos o Método do Momentos para resolver esse mesmo problema, por meio do cálculo de integrais de superfície das funções sobre a geometria retangular. Além disso, este método é utilizado por ser tratar de um problema de autovalor linear, tornando-o mais prático que o Point Matching. Por fim, mediante um algoritmo computacional desenvolvido em Matlab, apresentamos uma série de resultados da propagação eletromagnética do guia retangular curvado no plano H e no plano E para diferentes valores do raio de curvatura da seção retangular curvada. Os resultados numéricos evidenciam a convergência da solução apresentada em relação à solução exata com pequena quantidade de harmônicos. / [en] This research presents case studies of engineering applications, such as electromagnetic propagation in uniformly curved waveguides with rectangular cross-sections, operating at typical frequencies of 5G and 6G mobile network systems. In this work, we introduce the boundary value problem and address numerical techniques for solving the Maxwell s equations in curved waveguides, aiming for solutions to the associated eigenvalue problem. First, the Point Matching method is employed as an alternative to solve this type of problem by tracking zeros of the determinant of a matrix. Next, we use the Method of Moments to solve the same problem by computing surface integrals of functions over the rectangular geometry. Additionally, this method is employed because it deals with a linear eigenvalue problem, making it more practical than Point Matching. Finally, using a computational algorithm developed in Matlab, we present a series of results on the electromagnetic propagation of the curved rectangular waveguide in the H-plane and E-plane for different values of the curvature radius of the curved rectangular section. The numerical results demonstrate the convergence of the presented solution with respect to the exact solution using a small number of harmonics.

The most commonly known macro scale probing devices are simply comprised of metallic leads used for measuring electrical signals. On the other hand, micromachined probing devices are realized using microfabrication techniques and are capable of providing very fine, micro/nano scale interaction with matter; along with a broad range of applications made possible by incorporating MEMS sensing and actuation techniques. Micromachined probes consist of a well-defined tip structure that determines the interaction space, and a transduction mechanism that could be used for sensing a change, imparting external stimuli or manipulating matter. Several micromachined probes intended for biological and nanotechnology applications were fabricated, characterized and tested. Probes were developed under two major categories. The first category consists of Micro Electromagnetic Probes for biological applications such as single cell, particle, droplet manipulation and neuron stimulation applications; whereas the second category targets novel Scanning Probe topologies suitable for direct nanopatterning, variable resolution scanning probe/dip-pen nanolithography, and biomechanics applications. The functionality and versatility of micromachined probes for a broad range of micro and nanotechnology applications is successfully demonstrated throughout the five different probes/applications that were studied. It is believed that, the unique advantages of precise positioning capability, confinement of interaction as determined by the probe tip geometry, and special sensor/actuator mechanisms incorporated through MEMS technologies will render micromachined probes as indispensable tools for microsystems and nanotechnology studies.