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I summarize the Randall-Sundrum braneworld scenario, and its application to solving the hierarchy problem in the Standard Model of elementary particles. A generalized Randall-Sundrum scenario is presented, which includes the presence of string-inspired massless Kalb-Ramond and dilaton fields, and includes their backreaction on the metric. It is shown that in such a scenario, solutions exist which can achieve the desired warping on the Standard Model brane, and which stabilize the modulus corresponding to the radius of the extra dimension. / text

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / In this work is analysed how is the behavior of the complex scalar field in the Randall- Sundrum RS scenery. The RS model is a model of extra dimension, that solves satisfactorily the problem of the Higgs hierarchy. The problem is related to the big discrepancy between the gravitational and eletroweak scales of mass. The obtained results are based in a not factorable geometry of the Anti-de-Sitter type. We will do a review about general relativity and spacetime anti-de-sitter. We will see the construction of the models RS-I and RS-II, as well how the calculus of conections, through the Christoffel symbol, Ricci tensor, Ricci scalar and Einsteins tensor. Finally, we study the localization of the charge and current of the complex field in a brane. / Nesse trabalho à analisado como se comporta o campo escalar complexo em um cenÃrio de Randall-Sundrum (RS). O modelo RS à um modelo de dimensÃes extras, que resolve de maneira satisfatÃria o problema da hierarquia de Higgs. Esse problema diz respeito à grande discrepÃncia entre Ãs escalas de massa gravitacional e eletrofraca. Os resultados obtidos sÃo fundamentados em uma geometria nÃo-fatorizÃvel do tipo Anti-de-Sitter. Serà feita uma revisÃo sobre Relatividade Geral e EspaÃo-tempo Anti-de-Sitter. Serà visto a construÃÃo dos Modelos de RS-I e RS-II, bem como o cÃlculo das conexÃes, atravÃs do sÃmbolo de Christoffel, tensor de Ricci, escalar de Ricci e tensor de Einstein. Por fim, estudamos a localizaÃÃo da carga e da corrente do campo complexo na brana.

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Roldão da Rocha Júnior / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Física, 2014.

Dans cette thèse nous avons posé les premières contraintes sur les paramètres du modèle de dimensions supplémentaires de Randall-Sundrum, à savoir k/M_Pl qui est proportionnel au couplage du graviton aux champs du modèle standard et M_G qui est la masse du premier état excité du graviton. L'analyse du signal Monte Carlo est basée sur le générateur PYTHIA. Cette étude a permis de mettre en évidence et de rectifier une erreur dans le générateur PYTHIA grâce à l'élaboration d'un générateur indépendant dédié à cette analyse. Le lot de données utilisées pour l'analyse correspond à la période de prise des données effectuée par la collaboration Dzero au Tevatron allant de novembre 2002 à juillet 2003, qui correspond à une luminosité totale de 107,8 pb-1. La recherche du graviton dans ses désintégrations en paires de muons a permis de mesurer dans un premier temps la section efficace de production du boson Z multiplié par le rapport d'embranchement du Z en deux muons.

VIANA, M. G. Campo escalar complexo num cenário de Randall-Sundrum. 2016. 52 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Física) – Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2016. / Submitted by Giordana Silva (giordana.nascimento@gmail.com) on 2016-10-24T17:38:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_mgviana.pdf: 554145 bytes, checksum: bb54c5bc83a84160986e94920bc8ee7c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Giordana Silva (giordana.nascimento@gmail.com) on 2016-10-25T20:24:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_mgviana.pdf: 554145 bytes, checksum: bb54c5bc83a84160986e94920bc8ee7c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-25T20:24:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_mgviana.pdf: 554145 bytes, checksum: bb54c5bc83a84160986e94920bc8ee7c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / In this work is analysed how is the behavior of the complex scalar field in the Randall- Sundrum RS scenery. The RS model is a model of extra dimension, that solves satisfactorily the problem of the Higgs hierarchy. The problem is related to the big discrepancy between the gravitational and eletroweak scales of mass. The obtained results are based in a not factorable geometry of the Anti-de-Sitter type. We will do a review about general relativity and spacetime anti-de-sitter. We will see the construction of the models RS-I and RS-II, as well how the calculus of conections, through the Christoffel symbol, Ricci tensor, Ricci scalar and Einsteins tensor. Finally, we study the localization of the charge and current of the complex field in a brane / Nesse trabalho é analisado como se comporta o campo escalar complexo em um cenário de Randall-Sundrum (RS). O modelo RS é um modelo de dimensões extras, que resolve de maneira satisfatória o problema da hierarquia de Higgs. Esse problema diz respeito à grande discrepância entre às escalas de massa gravitacional e eletrofraca. Os resultados obtidos são fundamentados em uma geometria não-fatorizável do tipo Anti-de-Sitter. Será feita uma revisão sobre Relatividade Geral e Espaço-tempo Anti-de-Sitter. Será visto a construção dos Modelos de RS-I e RS-II, bem como o cálculo das conexões, através do símbolo de Christoffel, tensor de Ricci, escalar de Ricci e tensor de Einstein. Por fim, estudamos a localização da carga e da corrente do campo complexo na brana.

OLIVEIRA JÚNIOR, R. I . Modelos de Randall Sundrum e estabilização do raio da dimensão extra. 2017. 54 f. Dissertaço (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Centro de Ciencias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fısica, Fortaleza, 2017. / Submitted by Pós-Graduação em Física (posgrad@fisica.ufc.br) on 2017-10-26T19:33:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_dis_rioliveirajunior.pdf: 803388 bytes, checksum: e30dc735640f5c347b38926012dc5612 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Giordana Silva (giordana.nascimento@gmail.com) on 2017-10-30T14:55:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_dis_rioliveirajunior.pdf: 803388 bytes, checksum: e30dc735640f5c347b38926012dc5612 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-30T14:55:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_dis_rioliveirajunior.pdf: 803388 bytes, checksum: e30dc735640f5c347b38926012dc5612 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / In this dissertation we study The Randall Sundrum models type I and II and the stabilization of the radius of the extra dimension. Both the types were elaborated by Lisa Randall and Ramman Sundrum. The type I was developed to solve the gauge hierarchy problem (big discrepancy between the energy scale of the standard model(103GeV ) and the energy scale of the gravity (1019GeV ) . The type II explain, in details, the behavior of the gravity. We begin speaking of the extra dimensions models that preceded the Randall Sundrum model: Kaluza Klein, Arkani-Hammed- Dimopoulus-Dvali (ADD) and the Rubakov’s model ( The universe as a domain wall). Then, we make a review of the Lisa Randall and Ramman Sundrum papers. After that,we focus on the problem of the stabilization of the radius. This problem arises in the type I model. Lastly, we explain the solution that was created to it: The Goldberger Wise mechanism. / Nessa dissertação estudamos os modelos Randall Sundrum Tipos I e II e a estabilização do raio da dimensão extra. Tanto o tipo I quanto o II foram elaborados por Lisa Randall e Ramman Sundrum. O tipo I foi desenvolvido para resolver o problema da hierarquia de gauge ( grande discrepância entre a escala de energia do modelo padrão (103 GeV ) e a escala de energia da gravidade (1019 GeV ) . O tipo II trata, detalhadamente, o comportamento da gravidade. Iniciamos falando dos modelos de dimensões extra que antecederam os modelos de Randall Sundrum: Kaluza-Klein, Arkani-Hamed-DimopoulosDvali (ADD) e o modelo de Rubakov (O Universo como uma parede de domínio). Em seguida, fazemos uma revisão dos trabalhos de Lisa Randall e Ramman Sundrum. Após isso, focamos no problema da estabilização do raio. Esse problema surge no modelo tipo I. Por fim, explicamos a solução dada para ele: O mecanismo de Goldberger Wise.

The discovery of the Higgs boson by the LHC provided the last piece of the puzzle neces- sary for the Standard Model (SM) to be a successful theory of electroweak scale physics. However there exist various phenomenological reasons which serve as pointer towards the existence of physics beyond the Standard Model. For example the explanation for the smallness of the neutrino mass, baryon asymmetry of the universe, the presence of dark matter and dark energy etc. are not within purview of the Standard Model. Con- ceptual issues like the gauge hierarchy problem, weakness of gravity provide some of the theoretical motivation to pursue theories beyond the SM. We consider scenarios with warped extra-dimensions (Randall-Sundrum (RS) Model ) as our preferred candidate to answer some of the questions raised above. RS model gives an elegant geometric solution to address the hierarchy between the two fundamental scales of nature i.e. Planck scale and electroweak scale. In addition to this, the geometry of RS serves as a useful setup wherein the fermion mass hierarchy problem can also be solved. The goal of this thesis is to investigate whether RS model can be an acceptable theory of avour while at the same time serving as a solution to the hierarchy problem. In Chapter[1] we begin with a brief introduction of the SM, highlighting issues which pro- vides the necessary motivation for constructing new physics models. Various candidates of Beyond Standard Model (BSM) physics are introduced and a few preliminaries es- sential to understand frameworks with additional spatial-dimensions ( at and warped) is provided. In Chapter[2] we specialize to the case of warped extra-dimensions and motivate the need to have the SM elds in the bulk. Mathematical details related to the analysis of various spin elds (0; 12; 1 and 2) in a warped background necessary to understand relevant phenomenology is provided. The lack of knowledge of Dirac or Majorana nature of the neutrino leads to a wide variety of possibilities as far as neutrino mass generation is concerned. In Chapter[3] we focus on the leptonic sector where three cases of neutrino mass generation are consid- ered: a)Planck Scale lepton number violation (LLHH case) b) Dirac neutrinos c) Bulk Majorana mass terms. We then study the implications of each case on the charged lepton mass tting. The case with Planck scale lepton number violation in normal RS scenario requires large and negative values for the bulk mass parameters for the charged singlets cE. Dirac neutrinos and the case with Bulk Majorana mass terms give good t to data. For completeness, the ts for the hadronic sector is provided in the appendix. In Chapter[4] avour violation for each of three cases introduced in Chapter[3] is studied. For the case with Planck scale lepton number violation, the non-perturbative Yukawa coupling between the SM singlets and the KK states render the higher order diagrams incalculable. Lepton avour violation (LFV) is particularly large for the Dirac case and the bulk Majorana case for low Kaluza-Klein(KK) mass scales. We then invoke the ansatz of Minimal Flavour violation to suppress LFV with low lying KK scales and examples of avour group is provided for both cases. In Chapter[5] we present an example with a type II two Higgs doublet model applied to the LLHH case. The setup o ers a solution where LLHH scenario can be consistently realized in RS model, where the masses and mixing angles in the leptonic sector can bet with O(1) choice of bulk parameters. Assumption of global lepton number conservation (like in Dirac neutrinos) could lead to problems in theories of quantum gravity where it does not hold. This leads us to the question whether Dirac neutrinos can be naturally realized in nature. In Chapter[6] we consider the special case of bulk Majorana mass encountered in Chapter[3] where the bulk Dirac mass terms for the right handed neutrino is set to zero. We nd that this leads to a case where the e ective zero mode neutrino mass is of Dirac type with negligible e ects from the tower of Majorana states. In Chapter[7] we consider RS at the GUT scale which no longer serves as a solution to the hierarchy problem. SUSY is introduced in the bulk and the low energy SUSY serves as a solution to the hierarchy problem. Such models serve as a useful alternative to SUSY models with family symmetries (e.g. Froggatt-Nielsen Model). However the solutions to the Yukawa hierarchy problem are constrained due to anomaly cancellation conditions. In Chapter[8] supersymmetry breaking due to radion mediation in addition to brane localized sources is considered and detailed analysis of the running of soft masses and the low energy avour observables is considered for both cases separately. In Chapter[9] we conclude and present future directions.

The lepton flavor violating interactions are worthwhile to examine since they are sensitive to physics beyond the Standard Model. The simplest extension of the Standard Model promoting the lepton flavor violating interactions are the so called two Higgs doublet model which contains an additional Higgs doublet carrying the same quantum numbers as the first one. In this model, the lepton flavor violating interactions are induced by new scalar Higgs bosons, scalar h^0 and pseudo scalar A^0, and Yukawa couplings, appearing as free parameters, are determined by using the experimental data. On the other hand, the possible extra dimensions are interesting in the sense that they ensure a solution to the hierarchy and cosmological constant problems and also result in the enhancement in the physical quantities of various processes. In the present work, we predict the branching ratios of lepton flavor violating radion decays r-&gt / e^+- mu^-+, r-&gt / e^+- tau^-+ and r-&gt / mu^+- tau^-+ in the two Higgs doublet model, including a single extra dimension, in the framework of the Randall Sundrum scenario. We observed that the branching ratios of the processes we study are at most at the order of 10^-8 for the small values of radion mass and it decreases with the increasing values of the radion mass. Among the LFV decays we study, the r-&gt / mu^+- tau^-+ decay would be the most suitable one to measure its branching ratio.

Le sujet de la présente thèse porte sur la recherche de nouvelles particules très massives se désintégrant en une paire électron-positron avec le détecteur CMS.<p>Le démarrage en 2010 du Large Hadron Collider au CERN marque le début d'une nouvelle ère en physique des particules. L'énergie et l'intensité de ses faisceaux de protons, inégalées à ce jour, offre en effet la possibilité d'étudier les lois décrivant les constituants ultimes de la matière et leurs interactions à des énergies jusqu'alors inaccessibles et d'étudier des processus rares. <p>La découverte récente par les expériences ATLAS et CMS du boson scalaire prédit par la théorie de la brisure de symétrie électro-faible constitue ainsi la première percée du programme de recherche du LHC et confirme la théorie actuelle décrivant la physique subatomique, le Modèle Standard. <p>Il est cependant largement admis que cette théorie, bien que hautement prédictive et jamais mise en défaut expérimentalement jusqu'à présent, ne constitue qu'une approximation à basse énergie d'une théorie plus fondamentale. <p>Cette thèse décrit la recherche de nouvelles particules, prédites par plusieurs modèles au delà du Modèle Standard, via leur désintégration en une paire électron-positron de haute énergie. <p>La reconstruction et la sélection des électrons de haute énergie par le détecteur CMS sont des éléments centraux de cette analyse et sont étudiées en détail. Divers critères sont développés afin de distinguer les électrons des autres types d'objets physiques produits lors de collisions de protons, tels que les jets. L'intensité des faisceaux du LHC est telle que plusieurs collisions ont lieu simultanément dans le détecteur et il est montré que l'efficacité de sélection des électrons dépend fortement du nombre de ces interactions. Une technique est donc mise au point pour corriger cet effet. <p>Une méthode pour mesurer l'efficacité de la sélection directement sur les données est également développée. Celle-ci permet de confirmer les mesures obtenues à partir de simulations, jusqu'à des impulsions transverses de plusieurs centaines de GeV. <p>Le spectre de masse des paires diélectron est établi pour les données enregistrées en 2012 à une énergie dans le centre de masse des protons de 8 TeV, et un excès localisé d'événements est recherché. Aucune déviation significative par rapport au bruit de fonds attendu n'est observée et des limites très contraignantes sont établies sur le rapport de la section efficace de production d'une nouvelle résonance diélectronique et de celle mesurée au pic du boson Z. Ces résultats sont utilisés pour fixer des limites inférieures sur la masse de nouvelles particules prédites par certains modèles. <p>Le redémarrage du LHC en 2015 avec une énergie de 6.5 TeV par faisceau de proton élargira fortement le potentiel de découverte de ces résonances. En cas de découverte d'un signal, ses propriétés (telles que le spin ou l'asymétrie avant-arrière) seront étudiées avec attention. Des projections sur la précision qui pourrait alors être atteinte pour ces mesures sont donc finalement présentées en fonction de la luminosité intégrée collectée. / Doctorat en Sciences / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished