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ITC/USA 2015 Conference Proceedings / The Fifty-First Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 26-29, 2015 / Bally's Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, NV / The initial efforts that resulted in the migration of range application traffic to an IP infrastructure largely focused on the challenge of obtaining reliable transport for range application streams including telemetry and digital video via IP packet-based network technology. With the emergence of architectural elements that support robust Quality of Service, multicast routing, and redundant operation, these problems have largely been resolved, and a large number of ranges are now successfully utilizing IP-based network topology to implement their backbone transport infrastructure. The attention now turns to the need to provide supplemental features that provide enhanced functionality in addition to raw stream transport. These features include: *Stream monitoring and native test capability, usually called Service Assurance *Extended support for Ancillary Data / Metadata *Archive and Media Asset Management integration into the workflow *Temporal alignment of application streams This paper will describe a number of methods to implement these features utilizing an approach that leverages the features offered by IP-based technology, emphasizes the use of standards-based COTS implementations, and supports interworking between features.

Dans ce travail de thèse, nous avons développé un nouveau procédé de production et de purification en temps réel des domaines 9 et 10 de la fibronectine humaine chez E.coli. Cette stratégie combine trois partenaires de fusion en tandem : un double tag d’affinité (10xHis et SBP) et un tag de coloration (le domaine de fixation de l’hème du cytochrome b5) en présence d’un site Tev. Ce système a montré sa performance dans le traçage visuel des étapes d’expression et de purification et dans la quantification de la CMAT-FNIII9-10. La présence du double tag d’affinité permet une étape de purification simple et offre un degré de pureté atteignant les 98%. Par ailleurs, le cytochrome b5 a montré son intérêt dans le suivi visuel et quantitatif de l’adsorption de la CMAT-FNIII9-10 à la surface d’un support plastique. Ensuite, l’activité du fragment recombinant a été validée avec succès. Dans cette étude, nous avons construit une matrice adhésive en combinant les propriétés du polymère PCL avec celles de la CMAT-FNIII9-10. L’immobilisation de celle-ci s’est opérée d’une manière orientée en adsorbant la protéine de fusion à la surface des PCL par l’intermédiaire de la streptavidine. Cette approche a conduit à l’élaboration d’un matériau biofonctionnalisé en optimisant l’exposition des sites d’attachement cellulaire à la surface des PCL par une immobilisation orientée. La réponse cellulaire des CMS humaines a été validée efficacement sur cette matrice, en absence de sérum et en présence de BSA. Les résultats de cette expérience montrent que cette stratégie a contribué à améliorer l’exposition des sites « RGD » et « PHSRN » favorisant l’interaction avec les récepteurs cellulaires. / In this thesis, we have developed a novel method for producing and purifying the 9th and 10thdomains of type III human fibronectin in E.coli. This strategy combines three fusion partnersin tandem: a dual affinity tag (10xHis and SBP) and a coloring tag (the binding domain of cytochrome b5 heme) in the presence of a Tev cleaving site.This system has demonstrated its performance in the visual tracking of the expression,purification and quantification steps of CMAT-FNIII9-10. The presence of the dual affinity tag allows a simple purification step and offers a degree of purity up to 98%. Moreover, the cytochrome b5 showed its interest in the visual and quantitative monitoring of the CMATFNIII9-10 adsorption onto the surface of a plastic support. Then the biological activity of there combinant fragment was successfully validated. In this study, we constructed an adhesive matrix by combining the properties of PCL with those of CMAT-FNIII9-10. Immobilization of the recombinant fragments is carried out by an oriented adsorption of the fusion protein onto the PCL film through a streptavidin layer. This approach has led to the development of a bio-functionalized material by optimizing the exposure of cell attachment sites on the surface of the PCL by an oriented immobilization. The cellular response of human MSCs was effectively validated on this matrix, in the absence of serum and in the presence of BSA. The results of this experiment show that this strategy has helped to improve the exposure sites "RGD" and "PHSRN" promoting interaction with cellular receptors.

Irradiadores comerciais de grande porte são projetados para processarem grandes quantidades de produtos com altas doses, por exposição à radiação gama. A irradiação em escala industrial é efetuada de forma dinâmica, em que os produtos percorrem um caminho em torno de uma fonte de radiação, geralmente de 60Co, cuja atividade é da ordem de TBq a PBq (kCi a MCi). A dose será diretamente proporcional ao tempo transcorrido pelo material para percorrer este trajeto em torno da fonte. Entretanto, em algumas situações, principalmente para pesquisas ou processos de validação de clientes seguindo a norma ISO 11137, se faz necessário irradiar pequenas amostras com doses fracionadas na posição de irradiação estática. Nesta posição as amostras são colocadas dentro da sala de irradiação a uma distância fixa da fonte e as doses recebidas são determinadas utilizando-se dosímetros. Portanto, a dose somente será conhecida depois da irradiação, pela leitura dos mesmos. Entretanto, em irradiadores industriais, diferentes tipos de produtos com diferentes densidades atravessam o caminho entre a fonte e a posição de irradiação estática, onde estão as amostras. Conseqüentemente, a taxa de dose variará dependendo da densidade do produto, que está sendo irradiado dinamicamente. Uma metodologia adequada seria monitorar a dose recebida pelas amostras em tempo real, medindo a dose por meio de um detector de radiação, com uma melhor precisão e exatidão. Neste trabalho foi desenvolvida uma câmara de ionização cilíndrica de 0.9 cm3, para monitorar as altas doses recebidas por amostras em tempo real, na posição de irradiação estática de um irradiador gama de 60Co. Os gases de nitrogênio e de argônio a pressão de 10exp5 Pa (1 bar) foram utilizados para preencherem a câmara de ionização e determinar uma configuração de trabalho apropriada, para o detector ser utilizado em medidas de altas doses. Cabos de isolação mineral foram soldados diretamente ao corpo da câmara de ionização, para a transmissão do sinal gerado pelo detector até a eletrônica associada, distante cerca de 20 m. O sinal obtido foi cerca de 100 vezes maior do que o ruído de fundo. Este sistema dosimétrico foi testado em um irradiador gama de categoria I e na posição de irradiação estática de um irradiador de grande porte, em que diferentes taxas de dose foram obtidas utilizando materiais absorvedores. Foi encontrada uma boa linearidade do detector entre a dose e a carga, independentemente das diferentes taxas de dose. As incertezas de todas as curvas ficaram abaixo dos +/- 5 %, valor de incerteza máxima recomendada para um sistema dosimétrico de rotina. A câmara de ionização desenvolvida se mostrou adequada para ser utilizada como um dosímetro em tempo real, independente da degradação do espectro causada pela absorção dos fótons da fonte de 60Co, pelo material em irradiação dinâmica. / Industrial gamma irradiators facilities are designed for processing large amounts of products, which are exposed to large doses of gamma radiation. The irradiation, in industrial scale, is usually carried out in a dynamic form, where the products go through a 60Co gamma source with activity of TBq to PBq (kCi to MCi). The dose is estimated as being directly proportional to the time that the products spend to go through the source. However, in some situations, mainly for research purposes or for validation of customer process following the ISO 11137 requirements, it is required to irradiate small samples in a static position with fractional deliver doses. The samples are put inside the irradiation room at a fixed distance from the source and the dose is usually determined using dosimeters. The dose is only known after the irradiation, by reading the dosimeter. Nevertheless, in the industrial irradiators, usually different kinds of products with different densities go through between the source and the static position samples. So, the dose rate varies in function of the product density. A suitable methodology would be to monitor the samples dose in real time, measuring the dose on line with a radiation detector, which would improve the dose accuracy and avoid the overdose. A cylindrical ionization chamber of 0.9 cm3 has been developed for high-doses real-time monitoring, during the sample irradiation at a static position in a 60Co gamma industrial plant. Nitrogen and argon gas at pressure of 10exp5 Pa (1bar) was utilized to fill the ionization chamber, for which an appropriate configuration was determined to be used as a detector for high-dose measurements. To transmit the signal generated in the ionization chamber to the associated electronic and processing unit, a 20 m mineral insulated cable was welded to the ionization chamber. The signal to noise ratio produced by the detector was about 100. The dosimeter system was tested at a category I gamma irradiator and at an industrial irradiation plant in static position, using different absorbing materials. A good linearity of the detector was found between the dose and the accumulated charge, independently of the different dose rates caused by absorbing materials. The uncertainties for all curves were less than 5%, which is recommended for a dosimetric system routine. The developed ionization chamber showed to be suitable as a dosimeter on line, independently of the spectrum degradation caused by the absorption of the 60Co photons in the material under dynamic irradiation.

Irradiadores comerciais de grande porte são projetados para processarem grandes quantidades de produtos com altas doses, por exposição à radiação gama. A irradiação em escala industrial é efetuada de forma dinâmica, em que os produtos percorrem um caminho em torno de uma fonte de radiação, geralmente de 60Co, cuja atividade é da ordem de TBq a PBq (kCi a MCi). A dose será diretamente proporcional ao tempo transcorrido pelo material para percorrer este trajeto em torno da fonte. Entretanto, em algumas situações, principalmente para pesquisas ou processos de validação de clientes seguindo a norma ISO 11137, se faz necessário irradiar pequenas amostras com doses fracionadas na posição de irradiação estática. Nesta posição as amostras são colocadas dentro da sala de irradiação a uma distância fixa da fonte e as doses recebidas são determinadas utilizando-se dosímetros. Portanto, a dose somente será conhecida depois da irradiação, pela leitura dos mesmos. Entretanto, em irradiadores industriais, diferentes tipos de produtos com diferentes densidades atravessam o caminho entre a fonte e a posição de irradiação estática, onde estão as amostras. Conseqüentemente, a taxa de dose variará dependendo da densidade do produto, que está sendo irradiado dinamicamente. Uma metodologia adequada seria monitorar a dose recebida pelas amostras em tempo real, medindo a dose por meio de um detector de radiação, com uma melhor precisão e exatidão. Neste trabalho foi desenvolvida uma câmara de ionização cilíndrica de 0.9 cm3, para monitorar as altas doses recebidas por amostras em tempo real, na posição de irradiação estática de um irradiador gama de 60Co. Os gases de nitrogênio e de argônio a pressão de 10exp5 Pa (1 bar) foram utilizados para preencherem a câmara de ionização e determinar uma configuração de trabalho apropriada, para o detector ser utilizado em medidas de altas doses. Cabos de isolação mineral foram soldados diretamente ao corpo da câmara de ionização, para a transmissão do sinal gerado pelo detector até a eletrônica associada, distante cerca de 20 m. O sinal obtido foi cerca de 100 vezes maior do que o ruído de fundo. Este sistema dosimétrico foi testado em um irradiador gama de categoria I e na posição de irradiação estática de um irradiador de grande porte, em que diferentes taxas de dose foram obtidas utilizando materiais absorvedores. Foi encontrada uma boa linearidade do detector entre a dose e a carga, independentemente das diferentes taxas de dose. As incertezas de todas as curvas ficaram abaixo dos +/- 5 %, valor de incerteza máxima recomendada para um sistema dosimétrico de rotina. A câmara de ionização desenvolvida se mostrou adequada para ser utilizada como um dosímetro em tempo real, independente da degradação do espectro causada pela absorção dos fótons da fonte de 60Co, pelo material em irradiação dinâmica. / Industrial gamma irradiators facilities are designed for processing large amounts of products, which are exposed to large doses of gamma radiation. The irradiation, in industrial scale, is usually carried out in a dynamic form, where the products go through a 60Co gamma source with activity of TBq to PBq (kCi to MCi). The dose is estimated as being directly proportional to the time that the products spend to go through the source. However, in some situations, mainly for research purposes or for validation of customer process following the ISO 11137 requirements, it is required to irradiate small samples in a static position with fractional deliver doses. The samples are put inside the irradiation room at a fixed distance from the source and the dose is usually determined using dosimeters. The dose is only known after the irradiation, by reading the dosimeter. Nevertheless, in the industrial irradiators, usually different kinds of products with different densities go through between the source and the static position samples. So, the dose rate varies in function of the product density. A suitable methodology would be to monitor the samples dose in real time, measuring the dose on line with a radiation detector, which would improve the dose accuracy and avoid the overdose. A cylindrical ionization chamber of 0.9 cm3 has been developed for high-doses real-time monitoring, during the sample irradiation at a static position in a 60Co gamma industrial plant. Nitrogen and argon gas at pressure of 10exp5 Pa (1bar) was utilized to fill the ionization chamber, for which an appropriate configuration was determined to be used as a detector for high-dose measurements. To transmit the signal generated in the ionization chamber to the associated electronic and processing unit, a 20 m mineral insulated cable was welded to the ionization chamber. The signal to noise ratio produced by the detector was about 100. The dosimeter system was tested at a category I gamma irradiator and at an industrial irradiation plant in static position, using different absorbing materials. A good linearity of the detector was found between the dose and the accumulated charge, independently of the different dose rates caused by absorbing materials. The uncertainties for all curves were less than 5%, which is recommended for a dosimetric system routine. The developed ionization chamber showed to be suitable as a dosimeter on line, independently of the spectrum degradation caused by the absorption of the 60Co photons in the material under dynamic irradiation.

La rééducation fonctionnelle classique comprend des séances thérapeutiques, des exercices à domicile et des mouvements avec ou sans l'aide de thérapeutes. Cette approche classique souffre de nombreuses limitations, en raison de l’incapacité de l’expert à suivre les séances à domicile du patient et du manque de motivation du patient pour répéter les exercices sans retour. Les jeux sérieux ont été présentés comme une solution à ces problèmes. Premièrement, des exergames ont été développés à l’aide d’une méthodologie de codesign, où patients, experts et développeurs ont pris part aux procédures de conception. Le capteur Kinect a été utilisé pour capturer la cinématique en temps réel au cours de l’exercice. Ensuite, une fusion de données a été étudier entre le capteur Kinect et les unités de mesure inertielles, afin d’augmenter la précision de l’estimation de l’angle des articulations, à l’aide d’une approche système de systèmes. Le système a été évalué par des patients avec différentes pathologies au cours de multiples campagnes d'évaluation. Les résultats obtenus montrent que les jeux sérieux peuvent être une solution pour des pathologies spécifiques. En outre, les experts ont été convaincus de la pertinence clinique de ce dispositif et ont estimé que les données proposées étaient suffisantes pour évaluer la situation du patient. La mise en place de tels systèmes maximiserait l’efficacité du programme de réadaptation. D'autre part, ce système permettrait également de réduire les limitations actuellement présentes dans les programmes de rééducation classiques, permettant aux patients de visualiser leurs mouvements et aux experts de suivre l'exécution de l'exercice à domicile. / Conventional musculoskeletal rehabilitation consists of therapeutic sessions, home exercise assignment, and movement execution with or without the assistance of therapists. This classical approach suffers from many limitations, due to the expert’s inability to follow the patient’s home sessions, and the patient’s lack of motivation to repeat the same exercises without feedback. Serious games have been presented as a possible solution for these problems. This thesis was carried out in the eBioMed experimental platform of the Université de technologie de Compiège, and in the framework of the Labex MS2T. The aim of this thesis is to develop a real-time, serious gaming system for home-based musculoskeletal rehabilitation. First, exergames were developed, using a codesign methodology, where the patients, experts and developers took part in the design and implementation procedures. The Kinect sensor was used to capture real-time kinematics during each exercise. Next, data fusion was implemented between the Kinect sensor and inertial measurement units, to increase the accuracy of joint angle estimation, using a system of systems approach. In addition, graphical user interfaces were developed, for experts and patients, to suit the needs of different end-users, based on the results of an end-user acceptability study. The system was evaluated by patients with different pathologies through multiple evaluation campaigns. Obtained results showed that serious games can be a good solution for specific types of pathologies. Moreover, experts were convinced of the clinical relevance of this device, and found that the estimated data was more than enough to assess the patient’s situation during their home-based exercise sessions. Finally, during these three years, we have set the base for a home-based rehabilitation system that can be deployed at home or in a clinical environment. The implementation of such systems would maximize the efficiency of rehabilitation program, while saving the patient’s and expert’s time and money. On the other hand, this system would also reduce the limitation that are currently present in classical rehabilitation programs, allowing the patients to visualize their movements, and the experts to follow the home exercise execution.

A multi-wavelength laser diode based optical sensor was designed, developed and evaluated for monitoring and control microalgae growth in real-time. The sensor measures optical density of microalgae suspension at three wavelengths: 650 nm, 685 nm and 780 nm, which are commonly used for estimating microalgae biomass concentration and chlorophyll content. The sensor showed capability of measuring cell concentration up to 1.05 g L⁻¹ without sample dilution or preparation. The performance of the sensor was evaluated using both indoor photobioreactors and outdoor paddle wheel reactors. It was shown that the sensor was capable of monitoring the dynamics of the microalgae culture in real-time with high accuracy and durability. Specific growth rate (μ) and ratios of optical densities (OD ratios) at different wavelengths were calculated and were used as good indicators of the health of microalgae culture. A series of experiments was conducted to evaluate the sensor's capability of detecting environmental disturbances in microalgae systems, for instance, induced by dust or Vampirovibrio chlorellavorus, a bacteria found to cause crash of microalgae culture. Optical densities measured from the sensor were insensitive to the amount of dust that consisted of 59.7% of dry weight of microalgae in the system. However, the sensor was able to detect multiple events of introduction of dust timely by μ and OD ratios. The sensor was also capable of detecting subtle changes of culture in color that leads to a total crash of the culture before it can be differentiated by naked eye. The sensor was further integrated into an existing outdoor raceway to demonstrate the sensor's potential of being a core component to control microalgae production system. A real-time monitoring and control program along with a graphical user interface (GUI) was developed for a central control station aiming at improving resource use efficiency for biomass production.

This dissertation involves two different studies. The first concerns the real-time detection of microbial contamination in drinking water using intrinsic fluorescence of the microorganisms. The prototype, “Blinky”, uses LEDs that emit light at 365nm, 590nm, and 635nm for ultraviolet, amber, and red light, respectively. At 365 nm, the cellular components excited include reduced pyridine nucleotides (RPNs), flavins, and cytochromes to distinguish viable bacteria; at 590 nm, the cellular components excited include cytochromes for non-viable bacteria; at 635 nm, the cellular components excited include calcium dipicolinic acid (DPA) for spores. By using these three different wavelengths, the prototype can differentiate between viable and non-viable organisms and also has the potential to detect spores. The aim of this study was to improve the detection limit by modifying the design of the instrument and to establish the detection limit of viable and non-viable bacteria and spores. The instrument was modified by replacing existing LEDs with LEDs that had 50% more intensity. Two additional LEDs were added for amber and red light, bringing the total to four LEDs for each. The LEDs were also positioned closer to the photomultiplier tube so as to increase sensitivity. For UV, only two LEDs were used as previous. The detection limit of the viable bacteria was ~50 live bacteria/L. No change in the intrinsic fluorescence below the concentration of ~10⁸ dead bacteria/L was observed. The results for spore measurements suggested that most of the spores had germinated before or during the measurements and could not be detected. The instrument was successful in detection of viable bacteria and also differentiating viable and non-viable bacteria. The instrument was not successful in detection of spores. The second study was designed to assess the water quality of well construction in southeastern Tanzania. Three designs were tested: Msabi rope pump (lined borehole and covered), an open well converted into a closed well (uncovered well into a covered and lined well), and an open well (uncovered and may or may not be lined). The study looked at the microbial and chemical water quality, as well as turbidity. The survey included 97 water collection points, 94 wells and three rivers. For microbial analysis, heterotrophic plate count (HPC), total coliforms and E. coli tests were performed. Fifteen of these wells were further analyzed for microflora and diversity for wells comparison purposes, using culture methods, followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and genome sequencing. Ten wells out of the fifteen were analyzed for calcium (water hardiness), potassium, nitrates, nitrites, chloride, fluoride, bromide, sulfate, iron, and arsenic. Two water collection points were also selected for organic compound analysis (gasoline components). All samples tested positive for coliforms. Two samples tested positive for Escherichia coli for the lined borehole (Msabi rope pump) and four samples from closed wells. All open wells tested positive for E. coli. There was more microbial diversity in open wells than the closed wells and Msabi rope pumps. Potential bacterial pathogens were detected in seven wells out of the fifteen examined. The wells that tested positive were one Msabi rope pump, one closed well; the rest were from open water sources. Open wells had high turbidity followed by closed wells. Msabi rope pumps had low turbidity comparing to the two wells designs. No traces of gasoline components were detected in any of the water sources. One well out of ten had high amounts of nitrates-nitrogen (> 10 mg/L). The results of this study showed that the Msabi rope pumps performed comparably to the closed wells in terms of microbial quality but performed better with regard to turbidity. The open wells performed poorly in terms of microbial water quality as well and turbidity. There was a statistical difference in HPC, total coliforms, E.coli numbers and turbidity between open wells, closed wells and the Msabi rope pumps. However, there was no statistical difference in HPC, total coliforms and E.coli numbers between the closed wells and Msabi rope pumps. Msabi rope pumps performed better in turbidity

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:01:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RutnineiaJAN_DISSERT.pdf: 2458367 bytes, checksum: 85c886cdf30c46341e5edbe2a5517375 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-08 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / A chemical process optimization and control is strongly correlated with the quantity of information can be obtained from the system. In biotechnological processes, where the transforming agent is a cell, many variables can interfere in the process, leading to changes in the microorganism metabolism and affecting the quantity and quality of final product. Therefore, the continuously monitoring of the variables that interfere in the bioprocess, is crucial to be able to act on certain variables of the system, keeping it under desirable operational conditions and control. In general, during a fermentation process, the analysis of important parameters such as substrate, product and cells concentration, is done off-line, requiring sampling, pretreatment and analytical procedures. Therefore, this steps require a significant run time and the use of high purity chemical reagents to be done. In order to implement a real time monitoring system for a benchtop bioreactor, these study was conducted in two steps: (i) The development of a software that presents a communication interface between bioreactor and computer based on data acquisition and process variables data recording, that are pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, level, foam level, agitation frequency and the input setpoints of the operational parameters of the bioreactor control unit; (ii) The development of an analytical method using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in order to enable substrate, products and cells concentration monitoring during a fermentation process for ethanol production using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Three fermentation runs were conducted (F1, F2 and F3) that were monitored by NIRS and subsequent sampling for analytical characterization. The data obtained were used for calibration and validation, where pre-treatments combined or not with smoothing filters were applied to spectrum data. The most satisfactory results were obtained when the calibration models were constructed from real samples of culture medium removed from the fermentation assays F1, F2 and F3, showing that the analytical method based on NIRS can be used as a fast and effective method to quantify cells, substrate and products concentration what enables the implementation of insitu real time monitoring of fermentation processes / A realiza??o de otimiza??o e controle de um processo qu?mico est? fortemente correlacionada ao quanto de informa??o ? poss?vel se obter dinamicamente do sistema. No caso particular dos processos biotecnol?gicos, como o agente transformador ? um ser vivo, diversas vari?veis podem interferir sobre o processo, conduzindo a mudan?as no metabolismo dos microorganismos e, consequentemente, afetando a quantidade e qualidade do produto final. Desta forma, monitorar continuamente as vari?veis que interferem nos processos biotecnol?gicos ? de fundamental import?ncia para que se possa atuar sobre certas vari?veis do sistema, mantendo-o sob controle operacional e em condi??es desejadas. Em geral, durante um processo de fermenta??o, a an?lise de par?metros importantes, tais como concentra??o de substrato, produtos e c?lulas, ? feita de forma off-line, necessitando de amostragens, pr?-tratamentos e procedimentos anal?ticos. Portanto, tais etapas demandam um tempo significativo para execu??o, al?m do uso de reagentes qu?micos com elevado grau de pureza. Com o objetivo de implementar um sistema de monitoramento em tempo real (on-line) para um biorreator em escala laboratorial, o presente trabalho foi realizado em duas etapas: (i) o desenvolvimento de um programa computacional com interface de comunica??o entre o biorreator e o computador visando realizar a aquisi??o e registro de dados das vari?veis monitoradas no processo, tais como: pH, temperatura, oxig?nio dissolvido, n?vel de espuma e rota??o do agitador, al?m da entrada de set-points dos par?metros operacionais da unidade de controle do biorreator; (ii) o desenvolvimento de um m?todo anal?tico quimiom?trico utilizando espectroscopia no infravermelho pr?ximo (NIRS), visando promover o monitoramento em tempo real da concentra??o de substrato, produtos e c?lulas durante um processo fermentativo para produ??o de etanol, usando como microrganismo a levedura Saccharomyces cerevisae. Foram realizados tr?s cultivos (F1, F2 e F3) nas mesmas condi??es de fermenta??o em biorreator, sendo as mesmas monitoradas utilizando o NIRS e realizando-se amostragem para posterior caracteriza??o anal?tica. A partir dos dados obtidos, foram feitos testes para calibra??o e valida??o das informa??es obtidas com o NIRS, utilizando-se v?rios pr?-tratamentos com a aplica??o ou n?o de filtros de suaviza??o de ru?dos dos espectros. Os resultados mais satisfat?rios foram obtidos quando os modelos de calibra??o foram constru?dos a partir de amostras reais do meio de cultivo retiradas dos ensaios de fermenta??o F1, F2 e F3, apresentando correla??o linear superiores a 0,97 e reduzidos erros de predi??o quando comparados aos outros modelos de calibra??o obtidos. Os resultados mostram que o m?todo anal?tico baseado no NIRS pode ser utilizado como um m?todo r?pido e eficaz para quantificar concentra??es de c?lulas, substrato e produtos, permitindo a implementa??o do monitoramento em tempo real e in situ de processos fermentativos

Applikationsövervakning är en term för att i realtid övervaka applikationer och kunna upptäcka fel innan slutanvändaren märker av ett problem. Med övervakning av applikationer menas inte bara den enskilda programvaran utan allt som rör applikationen i fråga. Trafikverkets önskemål är att leverera en hög kvalité i sina applikationer. I nuläget har utvecklare ingen eller dålig insyn i hur en applikation levererar i en skarp miljö efter att de lämnat över ansvaret till drift. För att kunna hålla en bra kvalité i sina applikationer så vill de undersöka hur applikationsövervakning kan hjälpa till att se behov av ändringar i applikationer innan större problem uppstår. I en fallstudie bestående av intervjuer och dokumentstudier kommer genom användning av situationsbaserad FA/SIMM nuvarande arbetssätt fångas. Samt fånga mål och problem som uttrycks i verksamheten kring utveckling & förvaltning och drift av applikationer. Dessa kommer sedan analyseras för att undersöka på vilket sätt applikationsövervakning skulle hjälpa utvecklare & förvaltare, men även driftspersonal i deras arbete. Resultatet av detta visar att de problem och mål som tas upp dels är organisatoriska i sin natur och arbetssättet DevOps framhålls som en möjlig lösning. Även att applikationsövervakning de facto skulle kunna bidra till en ökad kvalité i applikationerna genom att tillföra en möjlighet att arbeta mer proaktivt. / Application monitoring is a term for real-time monitoring of applications to be able to discover faults before they reach the end-user. Application monitoring does not only mean the individual software but also everything surrounding it, which can have an impact on the application. Trafikverket wishes to deliver high quality in their applications. At present the developers have no or little insight in how an application delivers in a live environment after they handed over the responsibility to the operations. In order to maintain a good quality of their applications they want to explore how application monitoring may help to see changes in the needs of applications before major problems occur. In a case study consisting of interviews and document studies and through situation based FA/SIMM present ways of working will be produced. It will also identify wishes/concerns expressed by the developers and operations departments in the managing of existent applications. These will then be analyzed to examine in which way application monitoring would help developers, but also operations, in their work. The result shows that the problems which are brought forward are in a sense organizational of nature and that DevOps is a possible way for solution. But also that application monitoring could contribute to the delivery of high quality in applications in a proactive manor.