This thesis develops an approach to integrated resources management for hydro-electric energy development and an application of the method to an established single purpose project. Traditionally hydroelectric projects in British Columbia have been orientated towards the single purpose of energy generation. Yet as demands for water-based recreation rise, hydro-electric reservoirs become increasingly valuable for other uses, as has been demonstrated by multi-purpose projects in the United States. Thus, improved planning and management of reservoirs is necessary to achieve an increased level of resource use and environmental quality. It is suggested in this thesis that an analysis of land-use capabilities (biogeophysical) is a logical initial phase in determining the limitations for recreational use at reservoirs. It is further postulated that the use of a methodology which integrates land-use capabilities of the reservoir ecosystem with recreation-user requirements for selected recreational activities will minimize their environmental impact. Such a framework is based on the ecological principle that all land has the inherent capacity to generate different levels of biological production under various combinations of circumstances. Furthermore, based on these combinations of circumstances, the land and water may be classified into distinct landtypes for recreational use. Such a classification was developed and applied in a case study to Hayward Lake (a Run-of-the-River Reservoir) located near the coast of southwestern British Columbia. The results demonstrated clearly that the five landtypes (probably genera 1izable to other reservoirs) were identifiable, and that within these divisions, varying degrees of capability for recreation existed. Within the Reservoir ecosystem, five land-based and water-based landtypes are distinguished. These are the division of the water surface into: 1) the Open Water Zone, and 2) the Littoral Zone, and the division of the land into 1) the Beach Zone, 2) the Foreshore Zone (often preceded by a Subforeshore Zone), and 3) the Upland Zone. These zones may be further classified for selected recreational activities on the basis of various biogeophysica1 attribute values: e.g., soil textures, slope, water temperature, surface currents, exposure to sun and wind, etc. The preliminary analysis also indicated that five additional components for integrated reservoir management were necessary, namely: sedimentation control, reservoir clearance, regulated water flows, on-water zoning, and proper design standards. These were discussed briefly in the concluding chapter. In the final analysis, it is suggested that the classification framework should be expanded to assess not only the recreation capabilities of the reservoir (which forms one component of integrated management) but also the total uses of the water resource (based on capability, suitability, and feasibility) for the maximum benefit of society. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of / Graduate

A dissertation of limited scope submitted to the Fuculty of Arts in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Postgraduate Diploma in Recreation and Tourism in the Centre for Recreation and Tourism at the University of Zululand, 2007. / The study on provision of recreation facilities at Osizweni Township, Newcastle was conducted against the background that the local community is not provided with sufficient recreation facilities, it was surprising to see that the majority of local community is not participating in recreation activities. The study was aimed at finding the level of provision of the recreation facilities in the study area. This aimed was narrowed down to the following objectives. • To establish the level of understanding and meaning of recreation as an activity in the study area • To reveal the level of awareness of the community about the provision of recreation facilities in the study area. • To indicate the participation levels of the local community in recreation activities. • To investigate the level of provision of recreation facilities in the study area • To establish the extent to which members of the community perceive the benefit arising from the availability of recreation facilities in the study area. The study hypothesised that: • That the local community have a little understanding and meaning of recreation. • That some of the local community members are aware about the provision recreation facilities in the study area and some are not aware. • That the participation level in recreation activities in the study area is low. • That the provision of recreation facilities in the study area is inadequate. • That everyone in the local community perceives the benefit arising from the availability of recreation facilities in the study area. Data was collected through the use sets of questionnaires, which had both open-ended and closed ended. After this data was collected, it was analysed through the use of computer programme, Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS). This programme was used to formulate frequency tables and to relate variables There were various findings that were deduces from the responses. It was discovered that the provision of recreation facilities at Osizweni community is inadequate. The inadequacy of recreation facilities in the study area has resulted to lower level of participation in recreation activities. In addition it was discovered that the local community is aware of the recreation facilities found in the study area, the problem is that the recreation facilities are not up to standard. To address the concerns of the local community various recommendations were suggested. These included provision of recreation facilities, youth development programmes, providers of recreation facilities and availability of recreation facilities as benefits. Once the local community is provided with adequacy recreation facilities, they will participate in recreation facilities and the crime level will decrease. / National Research Fund.

No description available.

If there are to be more and improved recreational facilities for the handicapped, recreation planners, landscape architects, and architects must collect, analyze, and project pertinent data into comprehensive criteria for facility development. To develop the criteria, personal notes from site investigations and project developments were correlated with information from the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare; the National Therapeutic Recreation Association; the American Association on Mental Deficiency; and the National Recreation and Park Association.

The present discussion is based on my performance research with Elastic Theatre (originally named Vocal Motions and also known as Vocal Motions Elastic Theatre), a company that I founded and have directed since 2001. A specific focus is placed on the body of work produced between 2005 and 2011, which comprises six performance outputs: Ophelia’s Song (2005-2006), Medea Made Medea (2007), The Magdalene Mysteries (2008), Medousa (2009), The Passion of Saints Sergius and Bacchus (2009) and Baroccata/Baroque Box (2010-2011). These productions have been informed by an overriding ethos, which is presented and reflected upon in the following chapters. I refer to such ethos by using the term elasticity, which I define in the Introduction, contextualising this within the broader spectrum of contemporary tendencies in performance practices, with particular reference to the notion of 'post-dramatic theatre'. This concept of elasticity is presented in relation to three aspects of my productions: respectively, the combination of performance disciplines (Chapter 1), the dramaturgical approach (Chapter 2) and the staging choices made (Chapter 3). Across these chapters, I provide a contextual overview of the aspect treated, a discussion of my methodology in relation to this, and a reflection on my findings, referring to the concept of 'liminality'. My Conclusion draws my reflections together, emphasising the original contribution that my work has represented in the field of contemporary performance. Each of my outputs is documented in the Appendices, through written, photographic and video material. The Appendices also include a chronological overview of the productions discussed, a summary/glossary of my methodological strategies and a brief presentation of the company’s history. Additional details can be found on the website: http://www.elastictheatre.com.

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This study explores the day-to-day lived experience of eight novice hospital play specialists in New Zealand, during the early months following their appointment. Hospital play specialists come from a background in early childhood teaching and work as members of paediatric healthcare teams to support development and coping in hospitalised children and young people. Participants' stories were gathered in face-to-face interviews and were then analysed using an interpretive approach informed by Heideggerian hermeneutic phenomenology. Throughout the reflective process of the study, I have sought to show the vividness of the participants’ unique experiences whilst revealing the deeper understandings that lie below. This study shows that experiences as a novice matter to the subsequent development of professional identity as a hospital play specialist. The participants' early impressions of tile world of a hospital are shown in the findings to be those of strangers arriving in a foreign country, struggling to survive and to achieve a sense of belonging. Despite initially feeling lost and vulnerable, they are revealed as resourcefU1 in coping with change, and resilient in acquiring new skills, finding support, building relationships, and adapting their practice. Inclusion within healthcare teams, and recognition of their knowledge and skills by the participants and by their healthcare colleagues, contribute to participants' successful transitions from novice to competent practitioners. There are implications in this study for team leaders, managers and hospital play specialists regarding recruitment and support, such as ensuring that those employed show the flexibility needed for this role and are the11 provided with suitable early information and induction programmes Alongside this is the need for a focus on professional development and improved processes of communication, and inclusion of new staff members within the healthcare team.

The interaction of microorganisms with sediments can enhance their survival by reducing exposure to various stressors and thus marine sediments may act as reservoirs for pathogenic microorganisms. In coastal waters there can be an increased risk of infection to humans due to the possible re-suspension of these microorganisms during recreational activities. This research attempts to more accurately identify environmental exposure in the first stage of a health risk assessment in recreational coastal waters. Techniques were developed to successfully separate microorganisms from sediment particles. Of the methods investigated, subjecting diluted sediment samples to a sonication bath for 10 minutes was found to be the most efficient separation technique over a range of sediment types. This method was therefore used in the subsequent studies to enumerate organisms from the surface sediment layer, as distinct from the water column. Faecal coliforms were enumerated by membrane filtration in both water and sediment from three Adelaide metropolitan recreational coastal sites, chosen to represent different physical sediment characteristics, over a 12-month period. All sites investigated met current National Health and Medical Research Council Guidelines for primary contact recreation. Faecal coliform concentrations were generally greater in sediment compared with overlying water for all samples. This was most evident in sediment consisting of greater silt/clay and organic carbon content (with up to 1000 times higher concentrations in the surface sediment layer compared with overlying water). For coastal recreational sites impacted by stormwater or river discharges, high faecal coliform concentrations were found to be associated with rainfall. A laboratory-based microcosm study utilising intact sediment cores was undertaken to determine the decay rates of faecal indicator organisms (E. coli, enterococci and somatic coliphage) and pathogens (Salmonella derby and S. typhimurium) in both overlying water and in various sediment types. For all organisms tested, temperature had an inverse relationship with survival. Greater decay was observed in the overlying water compared to the surface sediment layer. Small particle size and high organic carbon content was found to be more conducive to microbial survival. In general, decay rates of E. coli were significantly greater than enterococci and coliphage. Although no significant correlations were observed between decay rates of the pathogens and indicator organisms, decay of Salmonella spp. in overlying water more closely resembled that of E. coli than that of other indicators. Using decay rates measured in the microcosm study and available dose-response data, a quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) utilising Monte Carlo simulation was undertaken to estimate the risk of infection to Salmonella spp. and rotavirus following exposure to recreational coastal water subject to a range of faecal contamination levels. For modelling purposes, the assumption was made that rotavirus decay was equivalent to coliphage decay. The probability of infection from rotavirus due to exposure to contaminated recreational coastal water was greater than that for Salmonella spp. under all scenarios. This increased probability of infection is linked to the high infectivity of rotavirus compared to Salmonella spp. Results of this research highlight the limited effectiveness of using prescribed faecal coliform concentrations in the water column alone to estimate the risk of exposure to pathogenic microorganisms during recreational activity at coastal areas. It demonstrated that coastal sediments act as a reservoir for both indicator and pathogenic organisms released into the coastal environment. This suggests an increased exposure risk if these organisms are resuspended back into the water column during recreational activity. A combined risk-based monitoring program would provide a more robust and reliable estimate of health risk associated with coastal recreational areas.

Rapid economic growth over the past few years enables people to have higher living standards and incomes. Penghu has great fisheryenvironment and excellent water quality. Shan-Shuei coast is located south of the Penghu and it is a famous tourist attraction. To have the breadth and depth, this research begins with the reference from other publications and documents. Observer has experienced and investigated environmental resources in Shan-Shuei area in Penghu. Surveys were given out to find out residents¡¦ opinion about recreational fishery development. Hawaii¡¦s and Japan¡¦s recreational fishery are successful. We can gain some valuable experience by comparing their background, fishery legislation, and management strategies with Penghu. This research investigated Shan-Shuei residents and tourists. Resident survey is divided into three parts, which are community, environment, and economy. Tourist survey is focused on landscape satisfaction, tour quality satisfaction, and the importance of the recreational fishery development. Based on the survey result, comparison with Hawaii and Japan, and reference from publications, Penghu recreational fishery should reform the following four areas which are government sponsorship, legislation, development management, and execution in order to have a sustainable management in the future.

published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Landscape Architecture