Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1993. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 55-57). Also available via the Internet.

Typescript (photocopy). / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

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The elevenp apersa ssociatedw ith this submissionre flect a researchp rogrammeth at has as its centralc onceptualf rameworka synthesiso f the traditionally competing perspectiveosf the 'externalla bour market'andt he 'internall abourm arketýT he Holt and David 'stock! and 'flow' model of the former is integrated with Doeringer and Piore'sm odelo f labour allocationa nd utilisation within the organisationto createa 'syntheticp aradigmt!h at offers, it is argued,a moreh olistic insighti nto the operation of labour markets.O ne especialc onsequenceo f the use of this paradigm is the opening up of the 'black box! that is the f= in much of the traditional labour economics literature. Not only are policies of company recruitment and selection transformedto becomee ssential,in tegral elementsw ithin the researchp rogramme, the externall abourm arketc onsequenceosf thesep oliciesa re seent o havei mportant implications for the identification and analysis of 'problems' of the external labour market. For purposes of the introductory, synthesising chapter, the eleven papers are subdivided into three themes. After an essential, preliminary quasi-ideological discussion of the role of perspectives in the literature pertaining to labour markets, the subsequent, predominantly empirical papers focus upon two aspects of the interrelationships between internal and external labour markets viz. engagements i. e. flows, principally from the external labour market, into organisations; and separations ie. flows from organisations, principally but not exclusively to, the external labour market. The synthesising chapter demonstrates - and the accompanying papers evidence - both the viability and the efficacy of the 'synthetic paradigm! and illustrates the additional insights into the problems and policies of employment and Iabour markets which accrue from its application.

The study describes the experiences of a small sample of men from Westoe Colliery in South Shields within a comprehensive conceptual framework, that is rather than taking the closure as its starting point this study attempts to understand the importance and relevance of redundancy in terms of the men's life experience. For this reason the men's reasons for entering mining and their subsequent attachment to work are considered as is the increasing dissatisfaction with work experienced following the closure announcement. This study seeks to add to our understanding of the process of redundancy and the way in which redundancy was achieved with relative ease. As Wood and Dey (1983) have noted reactions to redundancy are, of course, affected by the current state of the labour market but they are also affected by other factors. The role of redundancy payments is examined and it is found that such payments have an extremely important role in easing the process of redundancy, however they cannot be considered in isolation from other factors that served to constrain the workers' choices. Redundancy is a far more complex process than many studies have suggested and cannot be understood without considering how previous experiences. influence workers' perceptions of events and their reaction to them. The labour market experiences of the redundant men and the role of British Coal Enterprise are also examined and this study, in common with others, questions BCE's claims of success in 'outplacing' redundant miners. The men's experiences are considered in the context of Government and employers' attempts to increase flexibility. It is found that redundant miners, like an increasing proportion of Britain's workforce, are experiencing increasing insecurity both in and out of employment.

This thesis introduces an alternative Fault-Tolerant Power-Aware Hybrid Adder (or simply FARHAD) for high-performance processors. FARHAD, similar to earlier studies, relies on performing add operations twice to detect errors. Unlike previous studies, FARHAD uses an aggressive adder to produce the initial outcome and a low-power adder to generate the second outcome, referred to as the checker. FARHAD uses checkpoints, a feature already available to high-performance processors, to recover from errors. FARHAD achieves the high energy-efficiency of time-redundant solutions and the high performance of resource-redundant adders. We evaluate FARHAD from power and performance points of view using a subset of SPEC’2K benchmarks. Our evaluations show that FARHAD outperforms an alternative time-redundant solution by 20%. FARHAD reduces the power dissipation of an alternative resource-redundant adder by 40% while maintaining performance. / Graduate / 0544

ITC/USA 2011 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Seventh Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 24-27, 2011 / Bally's Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada / Aircraft flight test data processing began with on site data analysis from the very first aircraft design. This method of analyzing flight data continued from the early 1900's to the present day. Today each new aircraft program builds a separate data center for post flight processing (PFP) to include operations, system administration, and management. Flight Test Engineers (FTE) are relocated from geographical areas to ramp up the manpower needed to analyze the PFP data center products and when the first phase of aircraft design and development is completed the FTE headcount is reduced with the FTE either relocated to another program or the FTE finds other employment. This paper is a condensed form of the research conducted by the author on how the methodology of continuing to build PFP data centers cost the aircraft company millions of dollars in development and millions of dollars on relocation plus relocation stress effects on FTE which can hinder productivity. This method of PFP data center development can be avoided by the consolidation of PFP data centers using present technology.

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Historical collapse events are testament to the inherent dangers of non-robust structures. Designing robust structures is vital to ensure that localised damage events, such as the failure of a single structural element, do not lead to catastrophic disproportionate collapse. While the advent of robustness research can be dated to the collapse of the Ronan Point building in 1968, the quantification of robustness remains an active and important research field. The importance of developing effective robustness assessment methods is emphasized by a number of factors. One issue is the growing problem of inspecting, maintaining and ensuring the safety of ageing infrastructure. Older structures are more likely to be non-redundant and are more susceptible to structural defects. Another factor is the pursuit of greater efficiency and design optimisation, which has eliminated traditional design conservatism and many undocumented factors of safety. As a result, modern buildings may be more vulnerable to unforeseen conditions during their service life. The objective of quantifying robustness highlights the need for a new system-oriented perspective on structural performance to complement traditional component-based design. There is, as of yet, no single framework that incorporates all the essential aspects in an explicit, transparent and quantitative manner leading to a comprehensive outcome in terms of quantification of the structural robustness. This thesis focuses primarily on the quantification of redundancy and robustness, with the view that the capacity of a structure to withstand a damage event is an inherent property of the structure, which can be considered complementary to other commonly discussed structural properties, such as strength and ductility. Hence, a comprehensive unified framework for redundancy quantification is proposed, which builds upon existing strength-based measures. The role of structural uncertainties in the quantification of robustness is investigated, with a focus on the importance of the sequence of events which precede the collapse of a structure. Directly incorporating structural uncertainties into robustness quantification typically requires computationally expensive methods such as Monte Carlo simulations. Moreover, such collapse analyses are susceptible to numerical instabilities, further complicating the simulation of multiple collapse scenarios. To address these issues, a novel incremental elastic analysis method is proposed in this thesis, which analyses the full load-displacement relationship of a structure and additionally, has an inbuilt capacity to incorporate structural variability and thus output a spectrum of possible response outcomes.

The growth of the web, authoring software, and electronic publishing has led to the emergence of a new type of document collection that is decentralised, amorphous, dynamic, and anarchic. In such collections, redundancy is a significant issue. Documents can spread and propagate across such collections without any control or moderation. Redundancy can interfere with the information retrieval process, leading to decreased user amenity in accessing information from these collections, and thus must be effectively managed. The precise definition of redundancy varies with the application. We restrict ourselves to documents that are co-derivative: those that share a common heritage, and hence contain passages of common text. We explore document fingerprinting, a well-known technique for the detection of co-derivative document pairs. Our new lossless fingerprinting algorithm improves the effectiveness of a range of document fingerprinting approaches. We empirically show that our algorithm can be highly effective at discovering co-derivative document pairs in large collections. We study the occurrence and management of redundancy in a range of application domains. On the web, we find that document fingerprinting is able to identify widespread redundancy, and that this redundancy has a significant detrimental effect on the quality of search results. Based on user studies, we suggest that redundancy is most appropriately managed as a postprocessing step on the ranked list and explain how and why this should be done. In the genomic area of sequence homology search, we explain why the existing techniques for redundancy discovery are increasingly inefficient, and present a critique of the current approaches to redundancy management. We show how document fingerprinting with a modified version of our algorithm provides significant efficiency improvements, and propose a new approach to redundancy management based on wildcards. We demonstrate that our scheme provides the benefits of existing techniques but does not have their deficiencies. Redundancy in distributed information retrieval systems - where different parts of the collection are searched by autonomous servers - cannot be effectively managed using traditional fingerprinting techniques. We thus propose a new data structure, the grainy hash vector, for redundancy detection and management in this environment. We show in preliminary tests that the grainy hash vector is able to accurately detect a good proportion of redundant document pairs while maintaining low resource usage.