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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Studies on the use of aluminum processing residues as raw material ceramic / Estudos sobre a utilizaÃÃo de resÃduos do beneficiamento do alumÃnio como matÃria-prima cerÃmica

Gilberto Rocha Santiago Junior 03 October 2008 (has links)
FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Cearà / Os resÃduos da produÃÃo de aluminio a partir da bauxita, chamados de borra, contÃm uma quantidade razoÃvel daquele metal, justificando seu reaproveitamento. ApÃs a retirada do aluminio em fornos rotatÃrios com sal fundido, resta uma âborra pretaâ, rica em sais solÃveis (50 a 70%), e contendo uma boa quantidade de aluminio (cerca de 5%). Esse material à danoso ao ambiente, exigindo tratamentos e aterros especÃficos. à possÃvel utilizÃ-lo como matÃria-prima para as indÃstrias de cimento e de refratÃrios, devido, principalmente, à elevada quantidade de alumina presente. Este trabalho apresenta resultados preliminares para a utilizaÃÃo da borra preta, apÃs retirada do sal por lavagem, como matÃria-prima cerÃmica. Foram prensadas amostras (26 MPa) e sinterizadas a 1000, 1200 e 1500ÂC. O material foi caracterizado por DifraÃÃo de Raios X, FluorescÃncia de Raios X, AnÃlise TermogravimÃtrica e BET. Foram realizados ensaios de absorÃÃo de Ãgua, retraÃÃo linear, resistÃncia a flexÃo e micro-dureza, para avaliar as propriedades das peÃas obtidas. / Aluminum dross from the processing of bauxite ores still contain a reasonable amount of metallic Al. Therefore, it is attractive for many companies to recover the remaining Al from the dross in rotary furnaces usin g molten salts. The residue from this operation, called salt cake, is rich in solubl e salts (50 a 70%), and still contains about 5% Al. This material is harmful to the enviro nment and must be properly treated and disposed. It is possible to use it as a raw material for the cement and refractory industries, due to the high amounts of a lumina present. This work presents preliminary results on the use of a black dross (after salt removal by washing ) for the manufacturing of refractory ceram ics. Test pieces were pressed at 26 MPa and fired at 1000, 1200 e 1500ÂC. The mat erial was characterized by X! ray diffraction and X!ray fluorescency. Water absor ption, linear retraction and microhardness tests were also performed in order to assess the properties of the samples
2

âInfluÃncia da adiÃÃo de cargas inorgÃnicas no desempenho de produtos refratÃrios obtidos a partir de borras de alumÃnioâ / âInfluence of addition of inorganic fillers on the performance of refractory products made ​​from aluminum sludgeâ

Rejane Carneiro Mota 16 November 2010 (has links)
A borra branca à um resÃduo gerado durante a produÃÃo do alumÃnio, que contÃm Ãxidos que podem ser utilizados na indÃstria dos refratÃrios e cimentos. A borra de alumÃnio, se nÃo for inertizada, à perigosa para a saÃde humana e contaminante do meio ambiente. Neste trabalho, a borra de alumÃnio foi submetida a tratamento tÃrmico seguido de moagem e classificaÃÃo por peneiramento. Para melhorar as propriedades mecÃnicas das peÃas obtidas a partir da borra de alumÃnio, foram formuladas duas misturas com adiÃÃo de partÃculas de reforÃo inorgÃnicas eletrofundidas. Neste caso, a mulita do tipo TP-325, com porcentagens variando entre 5 e 35% e a outra com alumina do tipo AL-L 280 variando entre 20 e 30% em peso, sendo comparadas com a borra pura (matriz cerÃmica). O resÃduo e as cargas inorgÃnicas foram caracterizados por fluorescÃncia de raios x difraÃÃo de raios x e anÃlise termogravimÃtrica. As misturas dos pÃs foram submetidas a prensagem uniaxial, utilizando uma pressÃo de compactaÃÃo de 30 MPa num molde em forma de barra e estas foram sinterizadas a 1400ÂC com uma taxa de aquecimento de 5ÂC/min, permanecendo nesta temperatura durante 2 horas. Em seguida determinaram- se as propriedades fÃsico-mecÃnicas tais como: retraÃÃo linear de queima, absorÃÃo de Ãgua, porosidade aparente, massa especÃfica aparente, tensÃo de ruptura à flexÃo em trÃs pontos e microscopia eletrÃnica de varredura. Os resultados obtidos indicam que a mistura com mulita eletrofundida a 15%, promoveu um maior fechamento dos poros no material, causando assim um aumento na resistÃncia mecÃnica em relaÃÃo a mistura com alumina. A adiÃÃo desse reforÃo inorgÃnico à matriz cerÃmica (borra pura) demonstra um alto potencial de aplicaÃÃo como matÃria-prima para a indÃstria de materiais refratÃrios conformados. / ABSTRACT White dross is a reject generated during aluminium production. It contains several oxides that can be useful to the refractories and cement industries. However, white dross can be hazardous both to human health and the environment. In this work, white dross was evaluated as a prospective raw material for the production of refractories. For this purpose, the dross was subjected to calcination followed by comminution and classification. In order to improve the mechanical properties of the refractory, two different kinds of electrofused particles were used separately as reinforcement: mullite and alumina. Particles of the TP-325 mullite were added to the white dross powder in proportions varying from 5 to 35% weight. The AL-L 280 alumina particles were added to another batch of refractories, in two different amounts (20 and 30% wt.). All materials were characterized by X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. Mixtures of residual powder and particles were compression molded as prismatic bars under a pressure of 30 MPa. Pressed bars were sintered in air at 1400ÂC for 2h, and the heating rate was 5ÂC/min. Mechanical and physical properties of the sintered parts were determined by means of linear shrinkage, water absorption, apparent porosity, density, MOR (three-point bending) and SEM analysis. The results obtained in this work indicate that the mixtures of white dross and 15% mullite allowed for a better compaction and density, producing parts with higher mechanical strength than the mixtures with alumina. Pyrometric cone tests at 1400ÂC show the refractoriness of the parts up to that temperature. Therefore, under the conditions of this research work, white dross with additions of mullite particles has proven to be a prospective candidate for the production of refractory parts.

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