Originally presented as the author's thesis (doctoral--University of Nottingham). / Includes bibliographical references (p. [217]-234) and index.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--York University, Toronto, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 226-247).

Orientador: Tullo Vigevani / Banca: Andréa Ribeiro Hoffmann / Banca: Reginaldo Carmello Correa de Moraes / Resumo: O Regionalismo é uma característica constante das relações internacionais. Na sua forma atual - o novo regionalismo - a União Européia é o seu maior e mais complexo exemplo. Iniciado há mais de cinco décadas, a integração européia atualmente envolve vinte e sete Estados-membros num "sistema político" que combina elementos supranacionais e intergovernamentais. A criação da União Econômica e Monetária- UEM (1992), representa a sua maior realização. O propósito dessa tese possuí dois objetivos: na luz das Relações Internacionais, apresentar o debate atual sobre regionalismo e integração européia, e em segundo, analisar a UEM, abordando sua dimensão histórica, política e teórica. / Abstract: Regionalism is a long- standing feature in international relations. In its current form the new regionalism the European Union is its main and most complex example. Started over five decades ago, the European integration currently involves twenty seven member States in an unprecedented 'political system' that combines supranational and intergovernmental elements. The creation of the Economic and Monetary Union - EMU (1992) represents its biggest achievement. The purpose of this thesis is twofold: to present, from an international relations perspective, the on going debate on regionalism and European integration, and second, to analyse the EMU, addressing its historical, political and theoretical dimension. / Mestre

Dissertation Submitted in Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.) at the University of Witwatersrand – School of Governance September 2015 / This research is demarcated according to two modes, one conceptual – state sovereignty - and two - distant proximity – the ideal of regional integration. When these are juxtaposed in the state sovereignty-regional integration complex, they resemble a complex picture of what is under construction. The nation state currently exists, so it is an important variable. The research examines what happens to the nation state variable, in respect to its policy preferences, interests and ideational content as the process of regional integration evolves. Put differently, does the nation state remain indivisible or is it evolving as the process of regional integration deepens? The research has found that the policy preferences and interests of states in Southern Africa converge and/or diverge not so much based on the SADC objectives and norms. The convergence and/or divergence of policy preferences among states in SADC is informed by the constant negotiation and engagement among states - yielding not so much a zero-sum regional integration arrangement nor is it leading to the demise of the nation state – but around a range of factors including: perceived economic gains and losses; persuasion and influence among state and non-state actors; political solidarity among state actors; external and internal political and economic pressures. The notion of state sovereignty is invoked by many states when all the factors above have yielded inadequate results for the particular state. The research has found that a constructivist process of co-determination and co-constitution and solidarity, albeit very loose and not legaly binding, is taking place in Southern Africa. This process, the research has found, is pointing to an intergovernmental regional integration arrangement wherein certain policy areas or competencies reside at the regional level and some at the nation state level. The process of inter-state action and behaviour, the dissertation has found, is underpinned by the interests, preferences and choices of states in their discursive relationship to one another in the process of regional integration. / MT2016

Based on Ph. D. Thesis--University of Nottingham, School of Law, 2003. / Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references and index.

Univ., Diss.--Nottingham, 2003. / Literaturverz. S. [217] - 234.

Based on Ph.D. thesis--University of Nottingham, School of Law, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references and index.

PhD (African Studies) / Centre for African Studies / Abstract In the Horn of Africa, it is often presumed that the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) provides an institutional framework for regional integration. IGAD was established in 1986 and its member states include, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan and Uganda. However, the organisation continues to have many set-backs in its quest for an integrated Horn of Africa. Therefore, this study probed the challenges of regional integration in the Horn of Africa. The study closely examined the regional integration efforts of IGAD and its role and aggregate performance in the sub-region’s search for alternative strategies for sustainable socio- economic development and self-reliance through regional integration. The aim of the study was to investigate mechanisms that might contribute towards the socio-economic growth of IGAD member states. This study adopted a qualitative research approach in the collection of data. The research established the following: That member states of IGAD are not trusting each other and most of them compete over who is more powerful than the other. This competition continues to worsen the already slow integration process. Terrorism in this part of the world continues to hamper progress. In most instances, this phenomenon is tackled harshly, thus leading to more terroristic activities. Participants are of the opinion that this scourge needs a counter ideological stance where people can be educated about

The purpose of this study is three-fold. The first is to provide the reader with a review of the literature concerning the topic of regional political integration. The second purpose is to provide an operational definition of regional political integration which can be useful in the testing of hypotheses. Regional political integration is defined in terms of the regional decision-making process. Various levels of regional political integration are defined, operationalized, and identified. The levels from lowest to highest are as follows: regional promotion, regional information exchange, regional policy coordination, regional monitor, and regional authoritative decision-making. The third purpose of the study is to analyze the factors which are hypothesized to be correlated with and responsible for the changing levels of regional political integration.

Based on Ph.D. thesis--University of Nottingham, School of Law, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references and index.