Mto1 recruits γ-tubulin to the sites of cytoplasmic microtubule nucleation in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The regulation of Mto1 localisation is central to re-modelling of the microtubule cytoskeleton during the cell cycle. This thesis describes how Mto1 is recruited to the cell equator during mitosis, thereby establishing the equatorial microtubule nucleation centre (eMTOC). F-actin is found to be required for Mto1 localisation to the cell equator and Mto1 is shown to co-localise with the cytokinetic actin ring (CAR). Yeast 2-hybrid screening and tandem-affinity purification were used to screen for additional proteins required for Mto1 localisation to the equator. Further candidate screening identified Myp2, a type II myosin present in the CAR, as being required for Mto1 localisation to the cell equator. Myp2 is shown to physically interact with Mto1 and to be required for formation of the post-anaphase microtubule array. The regulation of Mto1 localisation to the cell equator was also studied. Time-lapse microscopy reveals that Mto1 localisation to the equator does not require either the anaphase-promoting complex or the septation initiation network, both of which have been previously shown to be necessary for the recruitment of γ-tubulin to the eMTOC. Maintenance of the equatorial CAR has previously been attributed to the postanaphase array. The position of the CAR in the mto1-427 mutant strain, which fails to nucleate a PAA, is shown to be unaltered from wild-type strain during exponential growth, suggesting that the PAA does not centre the CAR during normal growth.

What are the effects of non-balanced bilingualism on cognitive performance? And how do proficient, non-native speakers acquire and use lexical, syntactic and semantic information during sentence processing? Whilst there is growing research on these topics, there is no firm consensus on how to answer these questions. In the literature on cognitive effects of bilingualism, this lack of consensus has even resulted in radically opposing views and a heated debate. In this thesis, I seek to provide a balanced treatment of the literature and to address the above-mentioned questions by employing behavioral and neurophysiological paradigms. First, using a structural priming paradigm, I examine how proficient, non-native speakers of different native language backgrounds (Romance and Germanic) acquire lexically-specific syntactic restrictions of non-alternating verbs in English. Results from these experiments suggest that, although non-native speakers partially acquire lexically-specific syntactic restrictions, their knowledge is not native-like. Moreover, transfer from the first language does not seem to play a role in the acquisition of the relevant restrictions. Second, using Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) I examine whether proficient non-native Spanish-English speakers draw on different forms of semantic information such as relatedness and animacy incrementally during sentence comprehension. Results of these experiments suggest that, while relatedness facilitates processing (indexed by N400s) in both native and non-native speakers, effects of animacy are smaller in non-native speakers, relative to native speakers. Third, I employ a series of auditory attentional tasks and measures of lexical access and verbal fluency to assess cognitive functions in non-balanced bilinguals with different levels of language proficiency. Results show a bilingual advantage in inhibitory control and a non-significant trend towards bilingual better performance in attentional switching, and the groups exhibit similar performance on verbal fluency. Results of all the studies are discussed in the context of the existing literature on cognitive performance in bilinguals and accounts of language processing in native and non-native speakers and suggestions for future research are provided.

Em busca da compreensÃo da experiÃncia espiritual no contexto do acolhimento da pessoa em uso abusivo drogas e sua famÃlia, parti de uma atuacÃo no seio da EstratÃgia de SaÃde da FamÃlia-ESF, operando com a prevenÃÃo e promoÃÃo da saÃde. Elegi a perspectiva qualitativa, mediante a pesquisa-aÃÃo (BARBIER, 2007) e analisei a articulaÃÃo da dimensÃo espiritual junto aos recursos da clÃnica ampliada, no contexto do acolhimento à pessoa em uso abusivo de drogas e sua famÃlia. Para contemplar os objetivos desta pesquisa instituà o acolhimento ampliado, segundo conceituei, como um acolhimento que se estende por todo o bairro, focalizando as possibilidades de produÃÃo de saber dos grupos sociais do territÃrio (VALLA, 1998; FREIRE, 1967, 1992, 2003, 2005), visando ao fortalecimento das redes sociais de apoio terapÃutico formais e informais. Vinculei os acervos espirituais da nossa cultura (doutrina EspÃrita, como filosofia, ciÃncia e religiÃo) e da cultura da populaÃÃo ― Ãs formas de oraÃÃo nas diversas matrizes de compreensÃo da fà (VASCONCELOS, 1999, 2001, 2006, 2009, 2010). Analisei as falas dos sujeitos e suas famÃlias, complexificando o olhar do Acolhimento feito na ESF, encontrando a espiritualidade vista sobretudo como produÃÃo de sentido para a vida (KARDEC, 1804-1869, 1858, 2003, 2008; AMUI, 2011; PUTTINI, 2008, 2009), buscada nas instÃncias sociais do Grupo Acolhida, nas visitas domiciliares e no Grupo de PercepÃÃo Juvenil, que fundei na Escola Gabriel Cavalcante para aÃÃo de prevenÃÃo ao uso abusivo de drogas na interface com a promoÃÃo da saÃde mediada pela arte. Sempre buscando a perspectiva do sujeito em uso abusivo de drogas, na promoÃÃo de uma escuta qualificada, constatei a necessidade permanente de produÃao de sentido existencial e espiritual para as experiÃncias, a ser produzido pelos sujeitos no contexto do que nomeio de experiÃncia guiada (conduzida por educador junto a um grupo). Compreendi a necessidade de uma formaÃÃo continuada tomada como leitura da prÃtica, de carÃter interdisciplinar aos profissionais da unidade de saÃde e capaz de nutrir-se da prÃpria prÃxis social instaurada pela ESF no territÃrio, alimentando tambÃm os equipamentos sociais de saÃde do poder pÃblico e da comunidade. TambÃm à resultado desta pesquisa constatar a potÃncia da dimensÃo espiritual, atravÃs da fluidoterapia, como racionalidade em saÃde (ERBERELI, 2013), com o uso da tÃcnica de imposiÃÃo de mÃos (passe espÃrita), que se alia à oraÃÃo no concerto dos recursos da clÃnica ampliada, no contexto do acolhimento vivido na ESF. Sublinho ainda o valor de um trabalho com espiritualidade tomada como promoÃÃo de uma experiÃncia de si (DELORY-MOMBERGER, 2008; WARSCHAUER, 2001), que se alinha a elaboraÃÃes de projetos de vida, aspecto vital, sobretudo para as populacÃes juvenis em estado de pauperizaÃÃo. Ainda, aponto a necessidade de conceituar o sujeito das prÃticas de saÃde como sujeito biopsicossocial e espiritual / In search of understanding spiritual experience in the context of the host of the person in drug abusing and his family, I have started from the performance in the core of the Health Family Strategy (ESF), working with prevention and health promotion. I have chosen a qualitative perspective through action-research (Barbier, 2007) and I have analyzed the articulation of the spiritual dimension related to the expended clinic resources in the context of the person host in drug abusive use and family. To contemplate the objectives I came to realize expanded host according to the host which is extended to the neighborhood, focusing on the possibilities of knowledge production of the social groups in the territory (Valla, 1998; Freire 1967, 1992, 2003, 2005), aiming at social networks strengthen of formal and informal therapeutic support. I have linked the spiritual knowledge of our culture (Spiritist Doctrine as religion, philosophy and science) and from the population culture â to the praying ways in the several matrixes of faith understanding (VASCONCELOS, 1999, 2001, 2006, 2009, 2010). I have analyzed the speech of the individuals and their families complexifying the look of the host carried out in ESF, it was found the spirituality seen above all as meaning production for life (Kardec, 1804-1869, 1858, 2003, 2008; Amui 2011; PUTTINI, 2008, 2009),it was sought in the social instances of Grupo Acolhida, in the home visits and in the Grupo de PercepÃÃo Juvenil that I have founded in the Gabriel Cavalcante School for prevention action of drug abusive use in the interface with health promotion mediated by art. Always searching the perspective of the person in drug abusive use in the promotion of a qualified listening I have confirmed the permanent need of meaning production in the existential and spiritual field to the experiences to be produced by the individuals in the context of what we name guided experience (carried out by educator in a group). I have understood the need of a permanent formation taken as practical reading of an interdisciplinary nature to the health unit professionals which is capable of nurturing of the very social praxis established by ESF in the territory also feeding the social and health equipment belonging to community and Public Power. It is also result of this study is finding the potential of the spiritual dimension of fluid therapy with rationality in health (ERBERELI, 2013) using the technique of laying on hands (spiritist pass), which is allied with the prayer in the resource field of the extended clinic, in the context of host who is lived in the ESF. I emphasize the labor value with spirituality taken as a promotion of an experience of oneself. (Delory-Momberger, 2008; Warschauer, 2001), which aligns to the elaborations of life projects, vital aspect, especially for juvenile populations with impoverishment. Still, I point out the need to conceptualize the subject of health practices as biopsychosocial and spiritual subject.

Mindfulness is a cognitive attribute that is associated with better health and well-being. Fibromyalgia is a neurosensory disorder primarily characterized by chronic pain and comorbid depression, leading to an increased risk for alcohol-related problems. Empirical literature confirms mindfulness has beneficial associations with chronic pain, depression, alcohol-related problems, and fibromyalgia. Mindfulness may lead to better health and well-being by facilitating self-monitoring, objective reperceiving, and purposeful changing of health-related behaviors. It was hypothesized that higher levels of mindfulness would be related to lower levels of chronic pain and depressive symptoms, and, in turn, to fewer alcohol-related problems among individuals with fibromyalgia. Cross-sectional data was collected from 287 participants, and statistically analyzed using parallel mediation models. Hypotheses were only partially supported; mindfulness had an inverse relationship with alcohol-related problems, as hypothesized, although the relationship was not mediated by chronic pain or depressive symptoms.

Primary Objective: To confirm the findings of several small studies conducted in the southeastern United States showing hypersensitivity infusion reaction (HIR) rates as high as 22% with the monoclonal antibody, cetuximab. Although well known for a risk of HIRs, early clinical studies showed much lower reaction rates of 3%.

No description available.

No description available.

This project analyzed gender and color-specific differences in event-related potentials (ERPs). Previous studies have shown that males process color differently than females. In a recent study, sex differences were found in ERPs during a visual object recognition task. There were higher EEG amplitudes in females (especially P300) than males. Significant sex and color-specific differences have been found in diseases involving altered dopamine (DA) machinery. Thus, we analyzed differences between ERPs in males vs females during a color task. We also compared the color-specific differences in ERPs between males and females. Males and females participated in EEG recording sessions for 2 color studies during a color-go-no-go task, where two studies examined the gender and color-specific differences in ERPs, respectively. Data from 32 males and 24 females and 21 females and 31 males, respectively, in two color studies demonstrated significant sex-specific differences in ERPs during a color-go-no-go task. Males consistently showed higher EEG amplitudes (particularly P300) than females, which is contradictory to what we demonstrated previously in the object recognition task, indicating different color processing systems in males and females. Regarding color-specific differences, no significant differences were found in P300s between the three colors red, green and blue in males and females when each color was the relevant stimulus, suggesting that color is not a marker for inducing ERPs in normal subjects. These studies will provide the impetus to compare patients having altered DA mechanisms such as in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Parkinson's, or chemical addiction.

The extent to which individuals perceive stigma from others and internalize stigmatizing beliefs is increasingly recognized as a contributor to psychological and physical distress. Individuals in poverty may feel increasingly stigmatized as a result of financial hardship; however, little research has examined the linkage of financial stigma to health outcomes, nor the potential underlying explanatory mechanisms of such an association. According to self-determination theory, loss of social capital, which often occurs when a person is stigmatized, may deleteriously affect health outcomes, yet this premise has not been tested. We assessed the incremental impact of sociodemographic characteristics, and experienced and internalized financial stigma, on health-related quality of life (HRQL), as well as the mediating effect of belongingness, in a sample of 100 working, uninsured primary care patients. Results confirmed that experienced and internalized perceived stigma contributed additional variance, over the effects of sociodemographic factors, to poor HRQL, and belongingness was a significant mediator. Financial stigma may increase isolation, reducing opportunities for meaningful social connections, thereby deleteriously impacting mental and physical health outcomes. Therapeutically addressing stigma, and bolstering social connectedness, may improve HRQL in the underserved and impoverished.

In der vorliegenden Arbeit sollte anhand der error-related negativity (ERN) eine eingeschränkte Fehlerwahrnehmung und im weiteren Sinne eine eingeschränkte Handlungskontrolle bei Patienten mit Erkrankungn aus dem schizophrenen Formenkreis im Vergleich zu gesunden Probanden dargestellt werden. Für diesen Vergleich wurde zusätzlich die error- positivity (Pe) herangezogen. Anhand dieser Parameter erfolgte zusätzlich ein Vergleich der Patienten mit einer klassischen Schizophrenie und solchen mit einer Zykloiden Psychose mit Blick auf die bereits existierende klinische Differenzierung gemäß Leonhard. Als Ergebnis ließen sich im Vergleich zu den Kontrollprobanden eine eingeschränkte ERN und eine eingeschränkte Pe bei beiden Patientengruppen feststellen. Die Hypothese, dass Patienten mit einer Zykloiden Psychose sich nicht nur klinisch, sondern auch elektrophysiologisch von den Patienten mit einer klassischen Schizophrenie unterscheiden, ließ sich anhand der ERN und der Pe nicht untermauern. Anders als angenommen wiesen die Patienten mit einer Zykloiden Psychose keine weniger starke Einschränkung der beiden elektrophysiologischen Parameter auf. / In this study we used the error-related negativity (ERN) to show a restricted error- perception and in a broader sense, a limited executive control in patients with schizophrenia spectrum psychoses compared to healthy subjects. Additionally we took the error-positivity (Pe) into account in order to compare these groups. Moreover we tried to differentiate patients with a classical schizophrenia from patients with a cycloid psychosis based on the parameters mentioned above in view of the already existing clinical differentiation according to Leonhard. As a result both patient groups showed lower amplitudes for the ERN and the Pe. The hypothesis that patients with cycloid psychosis differ not only clinically but also electrophysiologically from the patients with classical schizophrenia could not be corroborated by means of the ERN and the Pe. Unlike our assumption patients with a cycloid psychosis did not show less severe restrictions in both electrophysiological parameters compared to those with a classical schizophrenia.