Hispanic American Catholics are a growing immigrant population in the United States, with Hispanic cultures and Catholicism woven together in unique ways. This situation presents a window through which can be examined the dynamic between individualism and religiosity. Four logistic regression models were estimated utilizing data from the Pew Research Center 2013 Survey of U.S. Latinos, in order to investigate the correlates of Hispanic American Catholic support for women in the Catholic priesthood. Religious individualism (self-determination) was measured in two dimensions, while cultural individualism (acculturation) was measured in one dimension. The first three regression models test three hypotheses related to religious and cultural individualism, while the fourth model factors in all of the variables used. Findings generally supported the saliency of religious individualism over against the hierarchal dogma of the Catholic Church, but not the saliency of cultural individualism. However, findings also exposed the complexities inherent in both Catholic religiosity and acculturation among Hispanic American Catholics.

The purpose of this project is to investigate the correlation between wealth and religion, particularly focusing on how financial prosperity influences African American religiosity.  Wealth (specifically in the form of income) is the independent variable (addressing the larger concept of socioeconomic status, which is often abbreviated as SES) and religiosity (as measured by religious service attendance) is the dependent variable.  The aim of this work is to determine whether economic progress is in any way related to the spirituality or religiosity of African Americans. This project attempts to reexamine E. Franklin Frazier\'s thesis in Black Bourgeoisie.  More explicitly, it is focused on how class (and to some degree, status) as an independent variable influences religiosity among African Americans.  It takes a similar view of class distinctions, particularly analyzing the psyches and behaviors of the Black middle class as addressed in Black Bourgeoisie.  Frazier argued that Blacks who reached middle class status soon lose touch with the history of their race, ultimately turn their backs on longstanding cultural values, and opt for inclusion in White, middle class American culture.  These longstanding, neglected values include Black religious traditions and loyalty to the institution of the Black Church.  Thus, reaching middle class status for African Americans may mean that they have bought into the American ideal of capitalism, while simultaneously rejecting African American (or any) religious traditions. I conducted an analysis using data collected from the General Social Survey (GSS).  The sample is drawn from adult respondents who have participated in these surveys since 1972.  The data set includes the years 1972, 1980, 1988, 1996, 2004, and 2010.  The primary focus of this project is to determine whether there is statistically significance between income and religious service attendance among African Americans. / Ph. D.

Parenting practices greatly influence child behavior. It is important to study the relationship between parenting practices and child behavior in specific religious contexts. Members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS) have not been extensively studied in the psychological literature despite there being a relatively large number of LDS individuals in the U.S. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of religiosity on parenting practices and child behavior outcomes in an LDS sample. The influence of perfectionism on religiosity and parenting practices was also studied. The relationship between parents’ interpretation of the bible and their view on God’s involvement in their parenting was also examined. The Qualtrics Online Sample Tool was used to recruit participants for this study. The 210 participants completed an online survey. The results indicated that a more literal interpretation of the bible was associated with a perception of increased involvement from God in one’s role as a parent and increased religiosity. The perception of increased involvement from God in one’s role as a parent was also associated with increased religiosity. Higher levels of parental religious beliefs and spiritual experiences had a positive impact on parenting practices and child behavior. However, religious behavior had a negative impact on parenting practices and child behavior. High levels of perfectionism were associated with more effective parenting practices in individuals high in religious belief and spiritual experiences while high levels of perfectionism led to less effective parenting practices in individuals high in religious behavior. Given the overall high levels of ineffective parenting practices and child disruptive behavior that were reported in the sample, encouraging LDS parents to attend parenting classes may be an appropriate recommendation.

The purpose of this paper was to determine the effect, if any, of religiosity on marriage role expectations. During the past years , the young person's marriage role expectations have been undergoing a gradual change from traditional type roles to more equalitarian-partnership type roles, Religiosity has been found to have a differing effect on the values of people. It was hypothesized that the more religious a person was, the more traditional he would be in his marriage role expectations. Religiosity was determined using a questionnaire developed by Faulkner and De Jong, Marriage role expectations were determined by using an instrument developed by Marie Dunn. An analysis of variance was computed to determine the effect on marriage role expectations of three variables: sex of subject, religiosity of subject, and religious affiliation of subject. It was found that the inactive female was more equalitarian than any other group, The religious affiliation of the subject didn't make a significant difference. It would seem from the results of this study that religiosity did make a difference, particularly with female respondents.

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This cross-sectional study focuses on attitudes in accordance with the Second Demographic Transition (SDT) in the adult population of Israel. Such attitudes are expressed by favoring an establishment of a family at older ages and favoring a small family size. Such attitudes are also expressed by supporting certain forms of living arrangements that are alternative to marriage. Based on results from Israel’s Social Survey (ISS), it seems that during 2009-2019, there was a nationwide rise in support of attitudes in accordance with the SDT. This trend is well apparent, despite a moderate decline in support of divorce as the best solution in insolvable relationships. In addition, it was found that the level of religiosity had a substantial and negative effect on the probability of supporting attitudes in accordance with the SDT. Furthermore, the type of residence (i.e., living in an urban environment) had no substantial effect on the probability of supporting these attitudes. Additionally, although differences in support of these attitudes were found between residents of Jerusalem and Tel-Aviv, they were less consistent and substantial after the effects of religious affiliation and religiosity were considered. However, residing in Tel-Aviv had substantial and positive effects on the probability of accepting unmarried couples’ parenthood and on the probability of preferring establishing a family for women aged 30 and above. This study also points out that certain attitudes are more supported by Jews, while others are more supported by Muslims.

The current study examined marital satisfaction and determined if racial identity or level of religiosity had an impact overall on marital satisfaction among married African American couples. The following instruments were used to measure marital satisfaction, racial identity, level of religiosity, and social desirability: the Marital Satisfaction Inventory- Revised (Snyder, 1997), Multidimensional Inventory of Black Identity (Sellers, Rowley, Chavous, Shelton, & Smith, 1998), Religious Life Inventory (Batson, Schoenrade & Ventis, 1993), and the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (Reynolds, 1982). The majority of the 140 participants consisted of married couples recruited from three major Christian churches in Philadelphia, a local insurance company, and from multiple community based organizations. Results indicate that no single factor alone is predictive of marital satisfaction but a combination of factors produced a moderately significant multiple correlation. Significant relationships were found among marital satisfaction and the following factors: number of children, multiple subscales on the MIBI, and the external subscale on the Religious Life Inventory. Couples who had more children reported higher levels of marital satisfaction. Results also showed a significant relationship between marital satisfaction in couples who had similar views on racial identity when subscales were used as the sole measure of marital satisfaction and racial identity. Finally, there was a significant relationship between couples who report higher levels of marital satisfaction and also use religion as a means to satisfy their own needs through socialization, etc. / Counseling Psychology

Financial literacy is a growing problem in the United States. While research has approached the formation of financial skills from a variety of angles, little is known about the influence of religiosity. Using the College Student Financial Literacy Survey (CSFLS) and Duke University Religiosity Index (DUREL), data was analyzed for correlations between religiosity and financial knowledge, financial attitudes, and financial behaviors. Data was collected from 938 undergraduates at Mississippi State University via an online survey using Qualtrics survey software in the spring of 2015. Items measured on the DUREL (i.e., religiosity) were not significantly related to financial attitudes, financial knowledge, or financial behavior. These findings are important for churches and faith-based organizations as well as financial educators as populations in need seek financial education. Faith leaders and institutions could incorporate financial lessons to improve the financial skills of all members.

Parents influence their children’s religiosity through many factors including parenting practices, parental religiosity, and parental psychopathology. Little research, however, has been conducted on how different parental psychopathologies, such as anxiety, depressive, and antisocial problems, affect the transmission of religiosity from parent to child. Participants reported the psychopathological behaviors of their parents via the Adult Behavior Checklist as well as personal and parental religiosity using a new religious scale. Structural equation modeling was used to measure whether parental psychopathology, parent gender, and participant gender would moderate the relationship between perceived parental and emerging adult religiosity. Results indicated that maternal interactions were significant for depressive and antisocial problems but gender analyses revealed that the interactions were significant only for females; similarly although no overall interaction occurred, the maternal interaction was significant for anxiety problems only for females when gender analyses were conducted. The results did not suggest a 3-way interaction among variables.

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