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This dissertation argues that the comparative method in the academic study of religion can be a valuable missiological tool for Christians. Chapter 1 explains the need for Christians to have an in-depth understanding of the Sunni worldview in order to better contextualize the gospel. Chapter 2 provides a history of the comparative method in the academic study of religion, and discusses the seven most common objections to the approach. Chapter 3 responds to the seven most common objections to the comparative approach, proposes a method of comparison, and presents this dissertation's case study. Chapter 4 begins with an overview of the Reformed worldview, and presents the themes found in the OT and NT concerning God's purposes behind the suffering of his people, and how his people should respond. Chapter 5 includes an overview of the Sunni worldview, and presents the themes found in the Qur' an and Sahih Al-Bukhiiri concerning God's purposes behind the suffering of his people, and how his people should respond. Chapter 6 compares the themes found in the Sunni and Reformed texts, and ends with a brief discussion of some missiological implications from the study. Chapter 7 summarizes the overall arguments and findings of the dissertation.

Chapter 1 introduces the significance of theological anthropology in counseling for theological coherency. Specifically, I discuss the anthropological issues of the spiritual nature and sin and their implications for what I call theo-anthropological holism. The epistemology of the three counseling models is summarized to establish background context in examining their anthropology in chapters 2 through 4. Chapter 2 highlights the anthropological framework of Christian psychology. Specifically, it examines Eric Johnson’s structural anthropological framework and Robert Roberts’ emphasis on virtues for an understanding of their holistic approaches to anthropology. Their views on personal responsibility and sin shapes their understanding of the spiritual nature. Chapter 3 reveals a distinct form of anthropological dualism between the spiritual and psychological nature in integrationist counseling. The psychological nature is emphasized based on at least three factors: (1) a narrow view of the spiritual nature, (2) a priority on psychological healing, and (3) the view on personal responsibility and sin. Chapter 4 explains why biblical counselors argue for the sufficiency of Scripture from an anthropological perspective. Based on the biblical view of the heart, biblical counselors view the spiritual and psychological natures as a part of the heart. Their view of the heart also shapes their view of sin and the holistic nature of sanctification. Chapter 5 evaluates the key anthropological themes from the three counseling models based on the structural, functional, and relational aspects of the image of God. I describe a covenantal schema as a holistic approach that supports theo-anthropological holism. A covenantal schema is appealing for its coherency with theological anthropology and emphasis on a relationship with God for spiritual renewal. Chapter 6 concludes the dissertation by summarizing my research findings and offering future areas of research. I also present a case study with “Jake”, based on a covenantal schema to highlight key components and contrast it with the other three counseling models.

Thesis advisor: Dominic Doyle / Thesis advisor: Theresa O'Keefe / Thesis (STL) — Boston College, 2012. / Submitted to: Boston College. School of Theology and Ministry. / Discipline: Sacred Theology.

文希甄. / "2011年6月". / "2011 nian 6 yue". / Thesis (M.Div.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 55-58). / Abstract in Chinese and English. / Wen Xizhen. / 前言 --- p.3 / 摘要 --- p.4 / Abstract --- p.5 / Chapter 第一章 --- 引言：探討「美好人生」的方法視野 --- p.6 / Chapter I. --- 從閒暇說起 --- p.6 / Chapter II. --- 工具理性思維 --- p.8 / Chapter III. --- 重提意義價値 --- p.11 / Chapter IV. --- 透過宗教靈性去建構意義價値 --- p.14 / Chapter 第二章 --- 閒暇，邁向「美好人生」的基礎 --- p.19 / Chapter I. --- 社會需要閒暇 --- p.19 / Chapter II. --- 閒暇是文化的基礎 --- p.20 / Chapter i. --- 閒暇是探索意義價値的傳統 --- p.21 / Chapter ii. --- 現代理性難以作爲文化的基礎 --- p.24 / Chapter iii. --- 以道家無爲來理解閒暇現象 --- p.25 / Chapter III. --- 閒暇是生活的重心 --- p.27 / Chapter i. --- 閒暇作爲人類的理想生活 --- p.27 / Chapter ii. --- 拒絶將工具理性、經濟效益價値體系神聖 --- p.29 / Chapter iii. --- 閒暇不是茶餘飯後的生活附加品 --- p.33 / Chapter IV --- 閒暇植根於崇拜慶典 --- p.34 / Chapter V --- 小結：閒暇對我們社會文化的提醒 --- p.36 / Chapter 第三章 --- 安息，展現.「美好人生」的另類實踐 --- p.38 / Chapter I --- 對世界的創造及參與 --- p.40 / Chapter II. --- 對世界的救贖及改造 --- p.41 / Chapter III. --- 記念生命的痕跡 --- p.43 / Chapter IV --- 在社群中的慶賀及歡樂 --- p.44 / Chapter V --- 懷有盼望、繼續向前 --- p.46 / Chapter VI. --- 安息所展現靈性 --- p.47 / Chapter VII. --- 小結：安息對閒暇的意義 --- p.48 / Chapter 第四章： --- 總結 --- p.51 / 參考書目及資料： --- p.55

It was by no means conceived that this one writing could answer all the questions concerning the Christian answers or beliefs in regard to death. The theme presented here is an historical survey of representative periods and figures from the ancient Hebrew times through the Protestant Reformation which demonstrates the evolving and emerging patterns of death. No Christian perspective could be found without dealing with the fundamental concepts herein. As the title suggests, this is simply a start but nevertheless a basic start. All of Christian theology is related to the Death of Christ so it is to His Death that the Church must continually readdress itself.

關慧禎. / "2009年5月". / "2009 nian 5 yue". / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 48-54). / Abstracts in Chinese and English. / Guan Huizhen. / 摘要 / Chapter 第一章： --- 簡介及論文目的 --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- 引言 --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- 哀傷輔導的簡介 --- p.2 / Chapter 1.3 --- 論文目的、方法論及結構 --- p.3 / Chapter 第二章： --- 探討哀傷過程 --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1 --- 引言 --- p.4 / Chapter 2.2 --- 哀傷的徵狀 --- p.4 / Chapter 2.3 --- 哀傷過程（Grief Process) 的討論 --- p.6 / Chapter 2.4 --- 哀傷輔導方向的轉變 --- p.14 / Chapter 2.5 --- 小結 --- p.16 / Chapter 第三章： --- 文獻分析：哀傷輔導´ؤ´ؤ「釋放」（letting go) 與「延續性聯繫 (Continuing Bonds ) 的轉變及趨勢 --- p.17 / Chapter 3.1 --- 引言 --- p.17 / Chapter 3.2 1 --- 「釋放」及「延續性聯繫」的哀傷輔導的討論 --- p.17 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- 「釋放」對「延續性聯繫」的批評 --- p.17 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- 「釋放」的哀傷輔導理論與經驗硏究的差距 --- p.20 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- 學者們的哀傷輔導理論之「釋放」部分的修改 --- p.21 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- 延續性聯繋（Continuing Bonds ) 的硏究 --- p.23 / Chapter 3.3 --- 小結 --- p.26 / Chapter 第四章： --- 「延繫」在基督敎羣體中的實踐 --- p.27 / Chapter 4.1 --- 引言 --- p.27 / Chapter 4.2 --- 在基督敎羣體中發揮「延繫」 --- p.28 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- 追憶及盼望中的「延繫」 --- p.28 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- 在「聖徒相通」下與死者「延繫」 --- p.32 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- 以「上帝的宣敎」(missio Dei)及「被上帝差遣者」的身分 與死者「延繫」 --- p.37 / Chapter 4.3 --- 小結 --- p.42 / Chapter 第五章： --- 總結 --- p.44 / 參考書目 --- p.48

This dissertation contends that the "Orality Movement" in missionary circles has a dearth of theological development and is therefore susceptible to doctrinal error leading to ministry practices that are potentially harmful to the spiritual health of newly planted churches. As a corrective, this dissertation presents Kevin J. Vanhoozer's theodramatically-revised Scripture principle as a paradigm for the use of orality in ministry. Through the use of a Toulmin-model argument from practical reason, each chapter develops the argument supporting the thesis or claim of the dissertation. Chapter 1 establishes the first ground of the argument by establishing the legitimacy of Vanhoozer's theodramatically-revised Scripture principle. First, the chapter recognizes the improvement Vanhoozer makes to the classical orthodox position on the Scripture principle. Next, the chapter indicates how Vanhoozer responds to contemporary epistemological and hermeneutical concerns. Chapter 2 states the second ground of the argument by demonstrating how the dominant medium of communication has an impact on human cognition. The chapter defines orality and details the origins and subsequent history of research in orality. The chapter concludes with a description of the two dominant schools of thought in orality research. Chapter 3 develops the first warrant of the dissertation's thesis by chronicling the influence of orality research in both biblical studies and in missionary outreach. Chapter 4 states the second warrant of the argument by identifying an analogical oral dynamic in various aspects of the theodrama including the Trinitarian economy, creation, redemption, and the inspiration of Scripture. Chapter 5 demonstrates how Vanhoozer's revised Scripture principle can function as a paradigm by showing how it responds to Richard Osmer's four metatheoretical questions for practical theology as well as the four tasks of the discipline as a reflected practice. The reflected practice section includes a case study of how the use of the revised Scripture principle would allow one to respond to the use of an "oral Bible" by some mission practitioners.

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This research on Multiculturalism has basically a three-pronged or a multidimensional approach. Firstly, the definitions of culture and multiculturalism are discussed. Secondly, multiculturalism in relevance to the book of Acts, and how the early church was able to deal with the phenomenon of multiculturalism. Thirdly, multiculturalism and the Church in South Africa, in context with the book of Acts are discussed. The 'definitions of multiculturalism', is included, in order that the reader may fully comprehend the aspect of multiculturalism in the early church, and the church of the present day. Without first understanding what is culture is all about, one will not be able to fully understand the nature of multiculturalism as related to the church. Chapters 2, 3, 4, and 5 deals with some the questions like, cultural diversity, problems and challenges of multiculturalism, race and ethnicity, cultural change, language, and religion. The early church from the time of the apostles, and the church past and present, have all experienced some or most of the challenges with regards to multiculturalism. Thus, in the light of the definitions of multiculturalism and its different challenges, the phenomenon of multiculturalism and the church is hereby discussed. I have not done an empirical research on the phenomenon of multiculturalism, but a literature survey of what other scholars have written on the subject. Hopefully, in the Doctoral thesis, I shall go to the next level in my research to determine the viewpoint of others, on the phenomenon of multiculturalism, its problems, especially in the 'post-apartheid' South Africa and the Church. I want to place on record my sincere a thanks and appreciation to Dr. S.K. Moran, my supervisor, for his assistance in acquiring a bursary in connection with this research. To the National Research Foundation (NRF), for the bursary; for without which, this research would not have been possible. To Dr. J.A. Smit, for his input, guidance, critical evaluation, and helpful suggestions in completing this research. To my wife, Grace, for her patience and tolerance during the time of doing this research. My prayer is that we in South Africa, as a multicultural, multiracial, and multiethnic society, will begin to understand our 'rainbow nation' a little better. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Durban-Westville, 2004.