Several studies have examined the effect of remittances on economic growth,poverty, education, and governance, among other factors, in developing countrieswith inconclusive results. Using annual panel data of 99 developing countries invarious empirical models, this study aim to answer the question how remittances affect a broader aspect of development using the Human Development Index asdependent variable. The findings indicate that there is a positive relationship between remittances and the level of human development in developing countries.

In this study, a demand oriented simultaneous equation macroeconometric model with a dynamic perspective is constructed in order to investigate the impact of workers&rsquo / remittances on output growth via their effects on key macro variables such as private consumption, investment and imports for Turkey. The study covers the period of 1964-2003 on an annual basis. Results of the analysis suggest that workers&rsquo / remittances affect output growth in a positive manner through the multiplier process. It is found that the highest induced growth rate by remittances to output growth belongs to the early 1970s especially the year of 1973, which corresponds to the date of first oil shock and also the end of labour migration to Europe. Thus, it is concluded that although workers&rsquo / remittances have been mostly used for consumption and imports as mentioned in most of the studies both for Turkey and other countries, remittances contributed to economic growth of Turkey positively through the multiplier process especially in the early 1970s.

Thesis (Ph.D.(Agricultural Economics, Extension and Rural Development))--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Abstract in English. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 222-241).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Department of Political Science, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Fordham University, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 2001. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (p. 164-173).

No description available.

La migration façonne la manière dont les sociétés évoluent dans les pays de destination, mais également dans les pays d'origine. Dans un contexte où l'attention des chercheurs se tourne progressivement de l'impact de la migration sur les pays d'accueil vers son impact sur les pays d'origine, cette thèse propose quatre aperçus des liens entre la migration internationale et les marchés de travail dans les pays d'origine. Chaque essai illustre ces interactions entre l'emploi local et la migration dans plusieurs pays de la région Moyen Orient et Afrique du Nord, combinant l'analyse micro et macroéconomique, les données quantitatives et qualitatives, la modélisation en équilibre général calculable et la microéconométrie. Le premier chapitre présente un modèle d'équilibre général calculable original qui permet de mettre en évidence les principaux canaux à travers lesquels la migration a des répercussions sur le marché du travail: l'offre de travail, les transferts de fonds et l'éducation. Dans les trois chapitres suivants, j'analyse en profondeur les fondements microéconomiques et les implications de chacun de ces canaux. / Migration shapes societies in both origin and destination countries. With scholars' focus progressively turning from the impact of migration on receiving countries towards its impact on sending countries, this thesis offers four insights on the interlinkages between international migration and labour markets in origin countries. Each essay illustrates these interactions between local employment and migration in several countries of the Middle East and North Africa region, combining micro and macroeconomic analysis, quantitative and qualitative data, computable general equilibrium modeling and microeconometrics. The first chapter presents an original computable general equilibrium model which allows us to capture the broad channels though which migration impacts labour market outcomes: labour supply, remittances and education. In the following three chapters, we explore in depth the microeconomic foundations and implications of each of these channels.

Sweden is a developed country whereas DRC is a developing country, and both are countries of migration and immigration. Taking these two countries as a case study in migration and development brings out a better understanding that good labour migration policy facilitates all actors to realize the benefits of migrant workers through labour and remittances. DRC’s paradoxical natural resources attract many international migrants. But it faces political and economic instability which are considered as push factors for Congolese migrants to leave their country and look for asylum, and economic betterment in Africa and beyond, especially in industrialised countries. DRC is one of the richest nations in the world with about 1,100 diverse kinds of minerals, and yet it is still one of the poorest countries in the world. Using qualitative method based on historical approach, findings show that migrant workers are workforces and they contribute to economic development in both sending and receiving countries through their labour and remittances sent back home. But these findings are contested, and they bring out debate and discussions.

Cette thèse s’intéresse aux effets des transferts de fonds sur la pauvreté et les différents indicateurs de bien-être et à la mesure de l’impact de ces flux monétaires sur les différentes positions de la répartition de la dépense par tête. L’étude utilise les données des deux plus récentes enquêtes sur les ménages du Vietnam (VHLSS 2010 et 2012). Plusieurs méthodes empiriques sont utilisées dans cette thèse: méta-analyse, appariement par propension de score, la régression avec les variables instrumentales et enfin l’effet du traitement sur le quantile (QTE). On a utilisé l’indicateur de pauvreté (basé sur la consommation) selon le critère du Bureau General des Statistiques du Vietnam (GSO) et de la Banque Mondiale (WB) et les indicateurs de bien-être : dépenses par tête et dépenses des ménages. Plusieurs résultats intéressants ont émergé. L'étude présentée dans le chapitre 2 constitue une des premières méta-analyses pour mettre en évidence l'effet empirique véritable de l'impact des transferts de fonds sur la pauvreté. Nos résultats ont trouvé que de nombreuses caractéristiques de l’étude peuvent expliquer l’hétérogénéité de différentes tailles reportées de l’effet des transferts de fonds sur la pauvreté : la région géographique et le niveau de développement de pays récipiendaire, la méthode économétrique et les indicateurs de pauvreté utilisés. Dans le chapitre 3, on a utilisé la méthode d’appariement par propension de score. On a trouvé que les transferts ont réduit la probabilité d’être pauvre entre 7.3 % pour les familles rurales et 3 % pour les familles urbaines. En outre, les transferts de fonds ont amélioré le niveau de vie des ménages qui en bénéficient. Dans le chapitre 4, nous avons utilisé la méthode de régression avec les variables instrumentales, les transferts de fonds ont réduit la probabilité pour la famille de vivre sous le seuil de pauvreté de 7.5%. Les résultats sont robustes et vérifiés par les différentes méthodes économétriques. Au final, on trouve que le gain de transfert de fonds est plus important dans les familles riches au Vietnam, surtout quand on prend en compte l’endogenéité de la variable «transfert de fonds ». / This study examines the impact of remittances on poverty, the welfare of receiving-households. It measures the extent to which the remittance flows are distributed among households at various points in the consumption distribution, using two latest rounds of Vietnam Household Living Standard Surveys 2010 and 2012 (VHLSSs). We applied different estimation method in this study including the meta-regression framework, matching method, IV method and quantile treatment effect regression. We use the expenditure poverty line measured by General Statistics Office/World Bank (GSO-WB), while the welfare indicator is measured by household and per capita expenditure. Several interesting results emerged. In chapter 2, the study is one of the first meta-regression analysis regarding the investigation of the “true” empirical effect of remittances on poverty reduction. The findings reveal that the heterogeneity in effect size of the impact of remittance on poverty reduction for a specific study may depend on various key factors: geographical region and level of development of one country, econometric method, and poverty indicators. In chapter 3, we apply the matching method. The poverty reduction effect of remittances varies between 7.3 percentage points and 3.0 percentage points for rural and urban families respectively. Furthermore, we find a significant increase of expenditure for remittances-receiving households. In chapter 4, using the historical migration networks as instruments for remittance receipts, we found that international remittances do decrease the likelihood of household poverty by about 7.5 percentage points. Finally, the gain of remittances is significantly larger among better–off households in Vietnam, especially when the endogeneity of remittance is taken into account in QTE estimation.