FDI investment is a vital factor for the developing countries economic growth. Apart from working as a catalyst of increasing total output level, FDI is a source of clean energy, technology transfer and energy efficiency. There have been very limited studies on the impact of FDI on renewable energy consumption in the context of Bangladesh. In fact, to my best knowledge there hasn’t been any studies on Bangladesh regarding this relationship with recent data available. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to reveal the relationship between FDI and renewable energy consumption in Bangladesh with annual Data spanning from 1980 to 2016. Johansen’s cointegration test showed that variables are cointegrated in the long run. Through Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), the paper shows there is short run and long run causality between FDI and Renewable Energy Consumption and the causality is negative. Granger causality test reveals that the direction of causality is running from FDI to Renewable Energy Consumption. Policies regarding attracting more sectoral FDI should be considered to improve investment scenario in Renewable energy sector.

The purpose of this master’s thesis is to investigate the relationship between renewable and non-renewable energy consumption, economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions per capita in Sweden in the period of 1970-2018. As indicators, the economic indicator will be represented by the per capita gross domestic product, GDP, as the environmental indicator this study will use carbon dioxide emissions per capita, CO2, and the energy use per capita will represent the energy consumption variable.  The research hypothesis is based on the idea of the classical EKC, the Environmental Kuznets Curve. Multivariate Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) approach which makes possible to evaluate non-stationary and cointegrating variables, while overcoming the omitted variable bias was used for the methodology part. Econometrics tests such as Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test and Johansen co-integration test are included, and the Granger causality test will provide four hypothesizes for the potential causalities between the included variable in this study.

Yes / This paper uses a new measure of international trade, i.e. the international trade potential index, to measure the welfare gains from trade across countries. The measure is based on the import shares of countries in their gross domestic products. It is observed that gains from international trade are low in prosperous economies, but they are larger in poorer economies. Then, the paper investigates the impact of the index of international trade potential on renewable energy consumption in the unbalanced panel dataset of 36 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development member countries from 1966 to 2016. The novel evidence is that international trade potential is positively related to renewable energy consumption. It is also found that per capita income, per capita carbon dioxide emissions, and energy prices increase the demand for renewable energy. / The authors acknowledge the financial support from the Philosophy & Social Science Fund of Tianjin City, China (Award #: TJYJ20-012).