Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-01-15T21:53:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 IzabelleVirginiaLopesDePaiva_DISSERT.pdf: 2707348 bytes, checksum: 0ca95ec4431b14103b77ba2857a54ba1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-01-17T16:11:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 IzabelleVirginiaLopesDePaiva_DISSERT.pdf: 2707348 bytes, checksum: 0ca95ec4431b14103b77ba2857a54ba1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-17T16:11:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IzabelleVirginiaLopesDePaiva_DISSERT.pdf: 2707348 bytes, checksum: 0ca95ec4431b14103b77ba2857a54ba1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-28 / O modelo de produ??o observado na ind?stria da constru??o civil utiliza em boa parte recursos naturais n?o renov?veis e ? respons?vel pela gera??o de uma grande quantidade de res?duos. Uma das formas de amenizar os impactos desses res?duos ? a reciclagem. Diante deste cen?rio, o objetivo deste trabalho ? propor a cria??o de uma usina de reciclagem de Res?duos da Constru??o Civil na perspectiva da simbiose industrial, avaliando a sua viabilidade econ?mica e ambiental. A pesquisa ? um Estudo de caso de car?ter explorat?rio, de natureza aplicada, com uma abordagem quanti-qualitativa. Um question?rio estruturado foi aplicado junto ?s empresas da constru??o civil da grande Natal, cadastradas no SINDUSCON-RN, com o objetivo de conhecer a quantidade m?dia de res?duos gerada pelas construtoras, o destino dado aos res?duos e se h? separa??o dos res?duos na obra antes da destina??o. Com isso foi poss?vel estimar o tamanho da usina e seu volume de produ??o, para, assim, dimensionar os impactos ambientais envolvidos e estimar os custos e despesas, fatores essenciais para realiza??o das an?lises de viabilidade. Utilizou-se o Estudo de Impacto Ambiental (EIA) para a avalia??o ambiental e os m?todos de Valor Presente L?quido (VPL), Taxa Interna de Retorno (TIR) e payback para a realiza??o da avalia??o econ?mica. O trabalho concluiu que a implanta??o da usina de reciclagem de res?duos da constru??o civil na regi?o metropolitana de Natal ? vi?vel tanto ambiental quanto economicamente, bem como a organiza??o de forma simbi?tica das empresas ? vista de forma positiva no sentido de incentivar a separa??o dos res?duos na obra e, consequentemente, melhorar a qualidade do agregado reciclado produzido. Al?m disso, o reaproveitamento de res?duos pelas pr?prias construtoras reduz a extra??o de recursos naturais n?o renov?veis e a gera??o de novos res?duos, contribuindo para a diminui??o do impacto ambiental gerado por este setor. / The production model observed in the construction industry uses largely non-renewable natural resources and is responsible for generating a large number of waste. One way to mitigate the impacts of this waste is recycling. In this scenario, the objective of this study is to propose the creation of a construction waste recycling plant from the perspective of industrial symbiosis, assessing their economic and environmental viability. The research is an exploratory case study of applied nature, with a quantitative and qualitative approach. A structured questionnaire was administered with the companies of civil construction of the great Natal registered in SINDUSCON-RN, in order to know the average amount of waste generated by construction companies, the destination of the waste and if there is separation of waste in the work before allocation. Thus, it was possible to estimate the size of the plant and its production volume, to thereby scale the environmental impacts involved and estimate the costs and expenses, essential factors for carrying out feasibility studies. We used the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for environmental assessment and methods of Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and payback for the realization of economic evaluation. The study concluded that the implementation of the construction waste recycling plant in the metropolitan region of Natal is viable environment as much as economically, as well as the organization symbiotically of companies is seen in a positive way to encourage the separation of waste at work and, consequently, improve the quality of the recycled aggregate produced. In addition, the reuse of waste by own construction companies reduces the extraction of non-renewable natural resources and the generation of new waste, contributing to the reduction of the environmental impact generated by this sector.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:07:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CassioFC_DISSERT.pdf: 3473717 bytes, checksum: 62553a61815c3d6ecf0b6b9390381d0c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-09 / This dissertation presents a hybrid ceramic block the use of which reside in the buildings executed with walls. Initially, we conducted a survey on the requirements and / or norms prevailing in Brazil about structural ceramic blocks, making use of the experiences in other countries. This work seeks new materials and / or products in order to maintain or increase the compressive strength of the ceramic blocks, without neglecting the other properties. Then was collected materials (clay and crushed powder) and an approach on the characterization, through fluorescence, Mineralogy, vitrification curve and characterization of these materials used in the manufacture of the blocks by Ray Diffraction "X" and SEM. Subsequently it was made, numbered and measured dimensions of about 150 bodies of the test piece (hybrid ceramic blocks in small sizes) with varying percentages of 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% substitution of crushed clay powder. After sintering of the bodies of the test piece at temperatures of 900oC, 1000oC 1100oC and with a heating rate of 5oC/minuto and level of 1 hour, the samples were submitted to the tests (compressive strength and water absorption) and calculated their retractions, which were subsequently carried out the analysis of the results according to the criteria and parameters required by Brazilian legislation and standards in force / Esta disserta??o apresenta um bloco cer?mico h?brido cuja utiliza??o reside nas edifica??es executadas com alvenarias estruturais. Inicialmente, foi realizada uma pesquisa sobre as exig?ncias e/ou normatiza??es vigentes no Brasil a cerca de blocos cer?micos estruturais, fazendo uso das experi?ncias nos outros pa?ses. Este trabalho busca novos materiais e/ou produtos com a finalidade de manter ou elevar a resist?ncia ? compress?o dos blocos cer?micos, sem desprezar as demais propriedades. Em seguida, foi realizada coleta dos materiais (argila e p? de brita) e uma abordagem acerca da caracteriza??o, atrav?s da Fluoresc?ncia, Mineralogia, Curva de Gresifica??o e Caracteriza??o destes materiais utilizados na confec??o dos blocos, atrav?s da Difra??o de Raio X e MEV. Posteriormente, foram confeccionados, numerados e medidos as dimens?es de aproximadamente 150 corpos-de-prova (blocos cer?micos h?bridos em tamanhos reduzidos) com percentuais que variam de 0%, 5%, 10% e 15% de substitui??o de p? de brita a argila. Ap?s a sinteriza??o dos corpos-de-prova a temperaturas de 900oC, 1000oC e 1100oC com taxa de aquecimento de 5oC/minuto e patamar de 1 hora, as amostras foram encaminhadas para a realiza??o dos ensaios (resist?ncia a compress?o e absor??o de ?gua) e calculado as respectivas retra??es, que posteriormente foram realizados as analises dos resultados de acordo com os crit?rios e par?metros exigidos pelas Normas e Legisla??o brasileira vigente

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:52:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlcidesFSF.pdf: 734255 bytes, checksum: 47cc13ea70d864d6a5ffe61ff57b1128 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-11-10 / The present work has the objective of presenting an investigation about the quantification, classification and destination of the waste of construction and demolition (RCD) in the city of Natal - RN, focusing the aspects of the environmental impacts and the strategic importance of the environmental administration in the earnings of productivity of the companies. Of the environmental point of view the research intends to identify and to quantify the monthly and annual production of RCD in the city, as well as to know the places of deposition of those residues. To reach the objectives of the study, an exploratory and descriptive research was accomplished, using a questionnaire with closed subjects and an open one, applied in 25 entrepreneurs of the branch of the building site, being 21 builders and 4 entrepreneurs of collection companies and removal dumps. As form of analysis of the data, the descriptive analysis was used and of crossing. The production engineering considers important the insert of best production practices and administration of the product in the companies, with views to the increase of your competitiveness, productivity earnings and improvement of the environmental aspects with views to the consumer's satisfaction, in that case the buyer of immobile. The principal results of the investigation demonstrate that there was not great variability of answers with relationship to the interviewees opinion in what he refers to the environmental practices. In your majority the building site interviewees entrepreneurs evidenced the absence of the public power, particularly the city hall of Natal, in the control, fiscalization and creation of mechanisms for a correct destination of RCD, as well as for your reuse and recycle. On the other hand also it was evident that the recycle or the reuse of RCD on the part of the companies is a rare practice and a lot of times inexistent, although the entrepreneurs' of the building site section great majority recognizes that would have won of productivity with the correct and intensive use of such measures / O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de apresentar uma investiga??o sobre a quantifica??o, classifica??o e destina??o dos res?duos s?lidos de constru??o e demoli??o (RCD) na cidade do Natal - RN, enfocando os aspectos dos impactos ambientais e a import?ncia estrat?gica da gest?o ambiental no ganho de produtividade das empresas. Do ponto de vista ambiental a pesquisa prop?e identificar e quantificar a produ??o mensal e anual de RCD na cidade, bem como conhecer os locais de disposi??o final desses res?duos. Para atingir os objetivos do estudo, foi realizada uma pesquisa explorat?ria e descritiva, utilizando um question?rio com quest?es fechadas e uma aberta, aplicados em 25 empres?rios do ramo da constru??o civil, sendo 21 construtores e 4 empres?rios de empresas de coleta e remo??o de entulhos. Como forma de an?lise dos dados, foi utilizada a an?lise descritiva e de cruzamento. A engenharia de produ??o considera importante a inser??o de melhores pr?ticas de produ??o e gest?o do produto nas empresas, com vistas ao aumento de sua competitividade, ganho de produtividade e melhoria dos aspectos ambientais com vistas ? satisfa??o do consumidor, nesse caso o comprador de im?veis. Os principais resultados da investiga??o demonstram que n?o houve grande variabilidade de respostas quanto ? opini?o dos entrevistados no que se refere ?s pr?ticas ambientais. Em sua maioria, os empres?rios da constru??o civil entrevistados evidenciaram a aus?ncia do poder p?blico, particularmente a prefeitura de Natal, no controle, fiscaliza??o e cria??o de mecanismos para uma correta destina??o dos RCD, bem como para o seu reaproveitamento e reciclagem. Por outro lado tamb?m ficou evidente que a reciclagem ou o reaproveitamento dos RCD por parte das empresas ? uma pr?tica rara e muitas vezes inexistente, embora a grande maioria dos empres?rios do setor de constru??o civil reconhe?am que teriam ganhos de produtividade com a utiliza??o correta e intensiva de tais medidas