Submitted by M?rden L?les (marden.inacio@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-07-22T19:01:32Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Samuel_ Ferreira_ da_ Fonseca.pdf: 8804827 bytes, checksum: 34fb407113470f09d15f17a427597e1a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-07-25T17:41:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Samuel_ Ferreira_ da_ Fonseca.pdf: 8804827 bytes, checksum: 34fb407113470f09d15f17a427597e1a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-25T17:41:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Samuel_ Ferreira_ da_ Fonseca.pdf: 8804827 bytes, checksum: 34fb407113470f09d15f17a427597e1a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Turfeiras s?o produto da lenta decomposi??o de vegetais em ambientes saturados com ?gua. S?o ecossistemas particulares por acumularem grandes volumes de ?gua e mat?ria org?nica e atuam como registros cronol?gicos de mudan?as clim?ticas e ambientais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi: cartografar ?reas adjacentes ? turfeiras da Serra do Espinha?o Meridional ? SdEM cronologicamente (1964 ? 2014), para identificar e quantificar atividades antr?picas nos ?ltimos 50 anos, por meio de t?cnicas do geoprocessamento. Foram utilizadas fotografias a?reas de 1964 (1:60.000), e de 1979 (1:25.000). Tamb?m foram utilizadas imagens orbitais, dos sat?lites Landsat TM/5 dos anos 1984, 1995 e 2005, Landsat OLI/8 de 2014 e RapdEye de 2011. As cartas topogr?ficas do IBGE (1:100.000) formaram a base cartogr?fica. Todos os dados foram processados nas seguintes plataformas: Google earth? pro, ArcGIS? 9.3., ENVI? 4.5 e Quantum GIS? 2.10. O geoprocessamento ocorreu suportado pelas seguintes t?cnicas: georreferenciamento, mosaicagem, classifica??o supervisionada (MaxVer) e vetoriza??o. Os dados gerados foram utilizados para identifica??o dos tipos de atividades do uso da terra, como pastagem, eucalipto e outras culturas. A atividade agr?cola mais intensa nas ?reas adjacentes ?s turfeiras foi o cultivo de eucalipto, que n?o era cultivado em 1964, mas em 2014 ocupou 341,37 ha (2,07%). Outras culturas (milho, caf? e morango), que n?o eram cultivadas nas adjac?ncias das turfeiras em 1964, passaram a ocupar 312,46 ha (1,90%) em 2014. A ?rea ocupada com pastagens passou de 378,57 ha em 1964 para 1.176,40 ha em 2014, o que corresponde a um avan?o de 2,30 para 7,14% da ?rea adjacente total. As ?reas adjacentes ?s turfeiras n?o eram utilizadas de forma sistem?tica at? 1995. O avan?o das atividades antr?picas nas ?reas adjacentes ?s turfeiras nas ?ltimas d?cadas foi substancial. A decad?ncia da minera??o de diamante na regi?o de Diamantina coincide com a intensifica??o do uso da terra. Este cen?rio sinaliza a necessidade de cria??o de mecanismos legais para prote??o desses ecossistemas. Al?m disso, ? necess?rio estabelecer diretrizes para o planejamento da ocupa??o das ?reas no entorno das turfeiras da SdEM. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2016. / ABSTRACT Peat bogs are outcome of slow plant decomposition in environments saturated by water. Theyare particular ecosystems that accumulate large amounts of water and organic matter and act as chronological records of climatic and environmental changes. This study aims to map peat bogs adjacent ?reas of the Southern Espinha?o - SdE chronologically (1964 - 2014), to identify and quantify anthropic activities over the past 50 years, through geoprocessing techniques. Aerial photographs from 1964 were used (1: 60,000) and 1979 (1: 25,000). Space-based images were also used Satellite Landsat TM/5 years 1984, 1995 and 2005, Landsat OLI/8 RapidEye 2014 and 2011. IBGE topographic maps (1:100,000) made up the cartographic base. All data were processed on platforms: Google earth ? pro, ArcGIS ? 9.3, 4.5 and ENVI ? Quantum GIS? 2.10. Geoprocessing was supported by these techniques: georeferencing, mosaicing, supervised classification (MaxVer) and vectorization. Data generated were used to identify types of land use activities such as grazing, eucalyptus and other crops. The most intense agricultural activity in adjacent ?reas to peat bogs was eucalyptus cultivation, which was not cultivated in 1964, but in 2014, it held 341.37 ha (2.07%). Other crops (corn, coffee and strawberry), which were not cultivated in peat lands vicinity in 1964, came to occupy 312.46 ha (1.90%) in 2014. The ?rea occupied by pastures increased from 378.57 ha in 1964 to 1176.40 ha in 2014, which corresponds to an advance of 2.30 to 7.14% of the total adjacent ?rea. Adjacent ?reas to peat bogs were not used systematically until 1995. Human activities advance in adjacent ?reas to peat bogs in recent decades has been extensive. Diamond mining decay in Diamantina region coincides with the intensification of land use. This scenario shows the necessity to establish legal mechanisms to protect these ecosystems. Moreover, it is necessary to establish guidelines for planning o ?reas occupation surrounding the Southern Espinha?o peat bogs.