Chemical control is a critical component of integrated pest management in cotton and soybean production. Residual efficacy of foliar insecticides can be highly variable and difficult to quantify due to several factors. The purpose of this research was to determine residual control and concentrations in flowering structures of commonly used insecticides. This research focused on the concentrations of active ingredient within the plant as well as efficacy over time. Previous research suggested chlorantraniliprole had a long residual and was highly lethal on corn earworm up to 28 days after treatment (DAT) in soybean; however, the results found in cotton were inconclusive. From this research, concentrations of chlorantraniliprole were found in flowering structures of both soybean and cotton up to 14 DAT. Bioassays conducted from chemical concentrations suggest reduced rates of chlorantraniliprole, similar to what was found in the flowering structures, provided mortality of corn earworm up to 64%.

This research approaches the prediction models application along with the usage of residual control charts to evaluate productive processes with characteristics of autocorrelation in its samples. The overall objective was to determine the Individual Measurement Control Charts (IMCC) and the Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) efficiency when applied to residuals of ARIMA class, to the outliers detection in autocorrelated processes, as well as identifying the autocorrelation influence and the amplitude of the outlier concerning the charts detection capacity. To each AR(1) and MA(1), 640.000 series were simulated, with varying strength and autocorrelation signal. After each series simulated residual stability verification, in the original series, outliers were inserted with varying amplitudes in a pre-determined observation. The series contaminated by the anomalous observation were again modeled and the residual were inscribed in IMCC and EWMA control charts, correctly registering the detected points. In the detection proportions to the outlier s variant pair, autocorrelation parameter and amplitude, non parametric tests were applied. The result obtained through the tests presented the superiority of the IMCC chart for both models. To what concerns the study of the autocorrelation parameter influence, regarding its signal and magnitude to both charts and AR(1) and MA(1) models, no significant difference could be verified. Therefore, the efficacy of IMCC control charts in the outliers detection through residuals in non independent processes could be confirmed. / A presente pesquisa aborda a aplicação de modelos de previsão juntamente com a utilização de gráficos de controle de resíduos para a avaliação de processos produtivos com características de autocorrelação em suas amostras. O objetivo geral foi determinar a eficiência dos gráficos de controle de observações individuais (IMCC) e de média móvel exponencialmente ponderada (EWMA) quando aplicados aos resíduos de modelos da classe AR(1) ou MA(1), para detecção de outliers em processos autocorrelacionados, além de evidenciar a influência da autocorrelação e da amplitude do outlier no poder de detecção dos gráficos. Foram simuladas 640.000 séries para cada modelo, variando a força e o sinal da autocorrelação. Após a verificação da estabilidade dos resíduos em cada série simulada, na série original, foram inseridos outliers com amplitudes variáveis em uma observação prédeterminada. As séries contaminadas pela observação anômala foram novamente modeladas e os resíduos foram grafados em gráficos de controle IMCC e EWMA, registrando-se os pontos detectados corretamente. Em cada gráfico, para o par de variáveis: parâmetro de autocorrelação e amplitude de outlier, gerou-se uma proporção de detecção, na qual foram aplicados testes de comparação não-paramétricos. O resultado obtido por meio dos testes evidenciou a superioridade do gráfico IMCC para ambos os modelos. Quanto ao estudo da influência do parâmetro de autocorrelação, referente ao sinal e a magnitude da mesma, para ambos os gráfico e modelos AR(1) e MA(1), não se verificou diferença significativa. Dessa forma, comprovou-se a eficácia dos gráficos de controle IMCC em detectar outliers por meio de resíduos em processos industriais autocorrelacionados.

Contrairement à l’hypothèse de David Harvey (1973) qui considère que le principe de redistribution prend progressivement la place de la réciprocité pour finalement donner lieu à l’économie du marché, nous croyons que c’est de l’intérêt de l’économie dominante de maintenir vivante l’économie morale subordonnée afin de faciliter l’accaparement du contrôle résiduaire des resguardos et ainsi garantir l’expansion du capital dans les territoires autochtones. Si le patronage est la forme d’organisation sociopolitique nécessaire à l’intégration des populations autochtones au marché, ce sont les économies morales précapitalistes qui contribuent à l’expansion du système capitaliste. Ainsi, l’économie morale autochtone devient un instrument de domination qui opère contre cette même population autochtone. Son opération demeure invisible si nous continuons à évaluer les droits autochtones dans le cadre d’un droit non-autochtone, et si nous analysons le problème dans le cadre des langages scientifiques difficilement fondés sur la pensée des populations concernées. Notre recherche aborde la question de l’accaparement du contrôle du point de vue normatif, en examinant les enjeux qui entourent l’entente qui a permis au secteur privé d’exploiter les terres de Wacoyo, une propriété collective localisée au sein de la dernière frontière agricole colombienne. / Contrary to David Harvey’s hypothesis (1973), who considers that the principle of redistribution gradually replaces reciprocity before leading to the market economy, we believe that it is in the interest of the dominant economy to keep alive the underlying moral economy in order to facilitate the residual control grabbing of the resguardos, and thus to guarantee the expansion of the capital in the indigenous territories. If patronage is the form of socio-political organization necessary for the integration of indigenous populations into the market, it is the pre-capitalist moral economies which contribute to the expansion of the capitalist system. Thus, the indigenous moral economy becomes an instrument of domination which operates against this same indigenous population. Its operation remains invisible if we continue to assess indigenous rights in the context of non-indigenous law, and if we analyse the problem in the context of scientific languages hardly based on the thinking of the populations concerned. Our research tackles the question of the control grabbing from a normative point of view, by examining the issues surrounding the agreement that allowed the private sector to exploit a land of Wacoyo, a collective property located within the last Colombian agricultural frontier.