<p>Current printable memory technology are not suited for mass produc‐tion. With new inexpensive printed memory, it will be possible to manufacture cheap surveillance tags that are capable to tell the user if something has happened within a timeline. This project is within the ITC FrameProgram 7 founded project PriMeBits. The goal is to imple‐ment a write once read many memory (WORM) onto an RF‐tag together with a sensor that can sense wetness, which can be detected by EAS antitheft systems. Pre researches have been done in the fields printed capacitance, coils and WORMs, all printed with silver ink. Before implementation of a WORM onto a tag simulations and laboratory tests with adjustable resistances were made. Two different circuit models are simulated and tested. When connected to a tag and the WORM is un‐programmed, the EAS system should not trigger an alarm. But if the WORM is programmed by the sensor, the alarm should trigger. Results show that capacitances and WORMs are printable with this technique but coils are not due to high inner resistance. The simulations show that a tag built as an LCCR‐circuit is the best choice. This is also confirmed with tests done with real resistors. With WORMs connected to a tag the results show that approximately 70% of them work as intended, this is because the WORMs as of now are not completely developed. The conclusion of this project is that it is possible to implement a WORM onto a tag with further research, to make an inexpensive surveillance tag.</p> / PriMeBits

Current printable memory technology are not suited for mass produc‐tion. With new inexpensive printed memory, it will be possible to manufacture cheap surveillance tags that are capable to tell the user if something has happened within a timeline. This project is within the ITC FrameProgram 7 founded project PriMeBits. The goal is to imple‐ment a write once read many memory (WORM) onto an RF‐tag together with a sensor that can sense wetness, which can be detected by EAS antitheft systems. Pre researches have been done in the fields printed capacitance, coils and WORMs, all printed with silver ink. Before implementation of a WORM onto a tag simulations and laboratory tests with adjustable resistances were made. Two different circuit models are simulated and tested. When connected to a tag and the WORM is un‐programmed, the EAS system should not trigger an alarm. But if the WORM is programmed by the sensor, the alarm should trigger. Results show that capacitances and WORMs are printable with this technique but coils are not due to high inner resistance. The simulations show that a tag built as an LCCR‐circuit is the best choice. This is also confirmed with tests done with real resistors. With WORMs connected to a tag the results show that approximately 70% of them work as intended, this is because the WORMs as of now are not completely developed. The conclusion of this project is that it is possible to implement a WORM onto a tag with further research, to make an inexpensive surveillance tag. / PriMeBits

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Spårledning används inom järnvägen för att lokalisera var tåg befinner sig. Detta examensarbete behandlar en modell av tonfrekvensspårledningar från Alstom. Teoridelen behandlar de båda modellerna DTC – 921 och DTC- 24 medan uträkningarna enbart behandlar den tidigare. Tonfrekvensspårledningar separeras med elektroniska skarvar genom förbindningar i spåret. Den förbindning som examensarbetet undersökt är av typ S-förbindning som idag består av en kopparkabel. Arbetet gick ut på att undersöka hur funktionen är uppbyggd och hur den skulle påverkas vid ett byte av material då koppar är stöldbegärligt. Undersökningar har gjorts på tre olika alternativ: aluminium, järn och safecable från safetrack.  Genom att studera S-förbindningens funktion och hur den agerar med tillhörande tuningbox har materialets eventuella påverkan utvärderats. Med teoretiska uträkningar har parametrarna räknats ut för de olika materialen. För att bekräfta funktionen har simuleringar i Pspice utförts. / Track circuits are used to detect where the trains are along the railway. This report contains a study of two models of audio frequency track circuit from Alstom called DTC – 921 and DTC - 24. The calculations made in the result section are made on only DTC-921. The different frequencies between two track circuits are divided by an S-bond. The S-bond is made of cupper which is a material that is theft-prone. The purpose of the project was to investigate the functionality of the S-bond and how  a cable with a different kind of material would affect the function. Three different kinds of materials have been investigated: aluminum, iron and safecable from safetrack.   By studying the function of the S-bond and how it interacts with the tuning box the affect off the different materials have been evaluated. The parameters of the materials have been calculated and the function has been simulated in Pspice.