Research pertaining to the role of active online internationalization (AOI) in the context of Born Globals has been shown to be an under-researched area of study. This compelled us to explore the possible benefits and challenges that may come from pursuing AOI for Swedish Born Globals. Our theoretical framework combined literature concerning Born Globals and their rapid internationalization with the notion of learning advantages of newness and literature regarding AOI into a theoretical model. Our theoretical investigation displayed a lack of research dealing with the potential challenges of AOI; with the virtuality trap of Yamin and Sinkovics (2006) being the exception. Through abductively analyzing qualitative data collected from four Swedish Born Globals with our theoretical model, we arrived at a number of empirically testable propositions that highlight the effects of using AOI for Swedish Born Globals. Our analysis leads to the conclusion that there are more challenges for Swedish Born Globals pursuing AOI than previously identified by present literature.

This paper examines the strategic management of natural resources in Venezuela and Norway,focusing on the role of the State in the petroleum industry and its implications for economicdevelopment. In Venezuela, the national oil company PDVSA experienced increased stateintervention, leading to a dependence on petroleum revenues and limited diversification. Incontrast, Norway's approach, exemplified by Statoil, emphasized corporate independence anddiversification efforts beyond the petroleum sector. The study explores the interplay betweenpolitics and corporate interests in both countries, considering the influence of the politicalcontext on Statoil's operations and the impact of the "resource trap" in Venezuela. Byanalysing these cases, the paper contributes to our understanding of strategic resourcemanagement and offers valuable insights for developing countries facing similar challenges.