Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-17T16:51:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-07-06. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2016-05-17T16:54:47Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000864322.pdf: 815216 bytes, checksum: c0bbfaacecea5919ee702fba6aa4553e (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / The aim of this study was to assess the cardiorespiratory effects of the reverse Trendelenburg position (RTP) at five and ten degrees in sevoflurane-anesthetized calves. Eight male Holstein calves aged 12±2 months were included in the study. At the first phase of the experiment, the minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane (MACsevo) was determined through electrical stimulation for each animal. At the second phase, the cardiorespiratory effects of the RTP were assessed. The subjects were restrained in dorsal recumbency on the surgical table tilted at 0° (G0), 5° (G5) or 10° (G10) in the reverse Trendelenburg position. Induction to anesthesia was produced with 8% sevoflurane in 5L/minute oxygen delivered through facial mask. The anesthesia was then maintained at 1.3 MACsevo. Cardiorespiratory variables were obtained after instrumentation (M40) and at 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes (M70, M100, M160 and M220 respectively). The venous admixture was greater at M40 in G10 compared to G0 and G5. Oxygen consumption and extraction were significantly lower at M40 in G10 compared to G0 and G5, as well as at M100, M160 and M220 compared to G5 only. No differences were found between groups for the other variables. Reverse Trendelenburg position at five and ten degrees did not improve cardiorespiratory parameters in sevoflurane-anesthetized calves / FAPESP: 2013/06046-2

Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-27T13:40:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-01-21. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2016-09-27T13:45:11Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000870498.pdf: 1363365 bytes, checksum: 2f8ec1d14651feb899a0ae62638612d7 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia de protocolos terapêuticos na abordagem clínica e laboratorial de cordeiros prematuros para estimular a atividade respiratória. Constituíram-se quatro grupos: grupo I (n=6): cordeiros sem tratamento; grupo II (n=9): cordeiros cujas mães receberam dexametasona pré-parto; grupo III (n=6): cordeiros tratados com surfactante; e grupo IV (n=6): cordeiros cujas mães receberam dexametasona pré-parto e tratados com surfactante. Foi realizada avaliação física, termográfica, radiográfica e espirométrica dos animais após o nascimento (M0), aos 15 minutos (M1/4), à uma (M1), às seis (M6), às 12 (M12), às 24 (M24) e às 48 horas de vida (M48). Amostras sanguíneas foram colhidas para realização de hemogasometria, hemograma, perfil funcional hepático e renal, glicemia, lactatemia e determinação sérica de cortisol e insulina. Após o nascimento até o M48, os cordeiros apresentaram pH baixos, associados à alta pCO2 e elevação de HCO3. Houve diminuição na contagem de He, VG, VCM e Hb nas primeiras 48 horas. A concentração sérica de creatinina diminuíu até o M48. Ocorreu aumento do lactato até o M1, seguido por diminuição até o M48. Os cordeiros prematuros apresentaram baixa vitalidade e comprometimento na função pulmonar. A utilização do surfactante deve ser realizada em conjunto com a administração de dexametasona materna pré-parto. As variações no hemograma e no perfil bioquímico são fisiológicas. A termografia pode ser utilizada para análise e monitoramento da temperatura corporal. / The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of different therapeutic protocols in clinical and laboratory approach of premature lambs to stimulate respiratory activity. Four groups were formed: group I (n=6) included lambs without treatment; group II (n=9) included lambs born to mothers that were treated with dexamethasone antepartum; group III (n=6) included lambs treated with surfactant; and group IV (n=6) included lambs treated with surfactant and born to mothers that were treated with dexamethasone antepartum. Physical, thermal, radiographic and spirometric evaluation were performed after birth (T0), 15 minutes later (T15), one hour (T1), six hours (T6), 12 hours (T12), 24 hours (T24) and 48 hours after birth (T48). Blood samples were taken at the same time to perform blood gas analysis, liver and renal profile, blood glucose, blood lactate and serum concentration of insulin and cortisol. After birth to T48, all the lambs showed low pH values, which were associated with high pCO2 values and HCO3 . There was a decrease in RBC, HCT, MCV and HGB in the first 48 hours. Creatinine serum concentrations was decreased to the T48 . There was an increase of lactate to the T1, with a reduction to the T48. Premature lambs showed low vitality and impaired pulmonary function. The use of surfactant should be performed in combination with maternal antepartum dexamethasone administration. Changes in blood count and biochemical profile are physiological variations. Thermal imaging can be used for analysis and monitoring of temperatures. / FAPESP: 2011/188103

Orientador:Paulo Sérgio Patto dos Santos / Co-orientador:Valéria Nobre Leal de Souza Oliva / Banca:Fabricio de Oliveira Frazilio / Banca:Juan Carlos Duque Moreno / Banca:Flavia de Almeida Lucas / Banca:Luiz Claudio Nogueira Mendes / Resumo:Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos cardiorrespiratórios promovidos pelo posicionamento Trendelenburg reverso (PTR) cinco e dez graus em bezerros anestesiados pelo sevofluorano. Foram utilizados oito bezerros machos da raça holandesa com idade média de 12±2 meses. Em uma primeira etapa, a concentração alveolar mínima do sevofluorano (CAMSEVO) foi determinada para cada animal utilizando-se estímulo elétrico como modelo álgico. Na segunda etapa, foram avaliados os efeitos cardiorrespiratórios promovidos pelo PTR. Para isso, os bezerros foram contidos por meio de cordas e posicionados em decúbito dorsal na mesa cirúrgica sem inclinação (G0), ou inclinada cinco (G5) ou dez (G10) graus no posicionamento Trendelenburg reverso. A anestesia foi induzida com sevofluorano 8V% diluído em oxigênio (5 L/min) por meio de máscara facial e mantida com sevofluorano 1,3 CAM. As variáveis cardiorrespiratórias foram avaliadas imediatamente após o período de preparação (M40) e após 30, 60, 120 e 180 minutos (M70, M100, M160 e M220, respectivamente). A mistura arteriovenosa foi maior no M40 do G10 em relação ao G0 e ao G5. O índice de consumo de oxigênio e a taxa de extração de oxigênio foram menores no M40 do G10 em relação ao G0 e ao G5 e no M100, M160 e M220 em relação ao G5. Não houve diferença significativa para as demais variáveis cardiorrespiratórias estudadas. O posicionamento Trendelenburg reverso cinco e dez graus não melhorou os parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios em bezerros anestesiados pelo sevofluorano / Abstract:The aim of this study was to assess the cardiorespiratory effects of the reverse Trendelenburg position (RTP) at five and ten degrees in sevoflurane-anesthetized calves. Eight male Holstein calves aged 12±2 months were included in the study. At the first phase of the experiment, the minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane (MACsevo) was determined through electrical stimulation for each animal. At the second phase, the cardiorespiratory effects of the RTP were assessed. The subjects were restrained in dorsal recumbency on the surgical table tilted at 0° (G0), 5° (G5) or 10° (G10) in the reverse Trendelenburg position. Induction to anesthesia was produced with 8% sevoflurane in 5L/minute oxygen delivered through facial mask. The anesthesia was then maintained at 1.3 MACsevo. Cardiorespiratory variables were obtained after instrumentation (M40) and at 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes (M70, M100, M160 and M220 respectively). The venous admixture was greater at M40 in G10 compared to G0 and G5. Oxygen consumption and extraction were significantly lower at M40 in G10 compared to G0 and G5, as well as at M100, M160 and M220 compared to G5 only. No differences were found between groups for the other variables. Reverse Trendelenburg position at five and ten degrees did not improve cardiorespiratory parameters in sevoflurane-anesthetized calves / Doutor

Resumo: O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia de protocolos terapêuticos na abordagem clínica e laboratorial de cordeiros prematuros para estimular a atividade respiratória. Constituíram-se quatro grupos: grupo I (n=6): cordeiros sem tratamento; grupo II (n=9): cordeiros cujas mães receberam dexametasona pré-parto; grupo III (n=6): cordeiros tratados com surfactante; e grupo IV (n=6): cordeiros cujas mães receberam dexametasona pré-parto e tratados com surfactante. Foi realizada avaliação física, termográfica, radiográfica e espirométrica dos animais após o nascimento (M0), aos 15 minutos (M1/4), à uma (M1), às seis (M6), às 12 (M12), às 24 (M24) e às 48 horas de vida (M48). Amostras sanguíneas foram colhidas para realização de hemogasometria, hemograma, perfil funcional hepático e renal, glicemia, lactatemia e determinação sérica de cortisol e insulina. Após o nascimento até o M48, os cordeiros apresentaram pH baixos, associados à alta pCO2 e elevação de HCO3. Houve diminuição na contagem de He, VG, VCM e Hb nas primeiras 48 horas. A concentração sérica de creatinina diminuíu até o M48. Ocorreu aumento do lactato até o M1, seguido por diminuição até o M48. Os cordeiros prematuros apresentaram baixa vitalidade e comprometimento na função pulmonar. A utilização do surfactante deve ser realizada em conjunto com a administração de dexametasona materna pré-parto. As variações no hemograma e no perfil bioquímico são fisiológicas. A termografia pode ser utilizada para análise e monitoramento da temperatura corporal. / Abstract:The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of different therapeutic protocols in clinical and laboratory approach of premature lambs to stimulate respiratory activity. Four groups were formed: group I (n=6) included lambs without treatment; group II (n=9) included lambs born to mothers that were treated with dexamethasone antepartum; group III (n=6) included lambs treated with surfactant; and group IV (n=6) included lambs treated with surfactant and born to mothers that were treated with dexamethasone antepartum. Physical, thermal, radiographic and spirometric evaluation were performed after birth (T0), 15 minutes later (T15), one hour (T1), six hours (T6), 12 hours (T12), 24 hours (T24) and 48 hours after birth (T48). Blood samples were taken at the same time to perform blood gas analysis, liver and renal profile, blood glucose, blood lactate and serum concentration of insulin and cortisol. After birth to T48, all the lambs showed low pH values, which were associated with high pCO2 values and HCO3 . There was a decrease in RBC, HCT, MCV and HGB in the first 48 hours. Creatinine serum concentrations was decreased to the T48 . There was an increase of lactate to the T1, with a reduction to the T48. Premature lambs showed low vitality and impaired pulmonary function. The use of surfactant should be performed in combination with maternal antepartum dexamethasone administration. Changes in blood count and biochemical profile are physiological variations. Thermal imaging can be used for analysis and monitoring of temperatures. / Orientador:Luiz Cláudio Nogueira Mendes / Banca:Flávia de Almeida Lucas / Banca:Alexandre Secorun Borges / Banca:Guilherme de Paula Nogueira / Banca: Fernando José Benesi / Doutor