The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of an upper respiratory illness (URI) on running mechanics during a maximal VO2 exercise treadmill test. The specific measurements assessed were stride length (SL), stride frequency (SF), range of motion (ROM) of the hip, knee, and ankle, and the displacement of the center of mass (COM) during the stride cycle. Fifty-three subjects (female=25, male=28) between 18 and 30 years of age completed the study. The participants in the study were characteristically non-smokers, drank fewer than five alcoholic drinks per week, had no orthopedic problems, were not pregnant, did not suffer from hay fever or chronic colds, and were not allergic to penicillin. Rhinovirus Type 16 was used in the inoculation of the individuals. The subjects performed two maximal V02 treadmill test. The first test was before the inoculations and the second test was during the height of the illness. Stride length and SF data were derived from accelerometer data. Statistical analysis using ANOVA revealed no significant changes in SL or SF between pre- and post-inoculation treadmill tests. Based on the results of this study it was concluded that Rhinovirus Type 16 does not effect running mechanics during a maximal V02 treadmill test. / School of Physical Education

Viral illnesses are the most common agents affecting humans. Due to their widespread affects, viruses may have a particular influence on exercise functional capacity. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the impact of an Upper Respiratory Infection (URI) on exercise functional capacity, as measured by VO2max. In addition, submaximal exercise responses, changes in resting pulmonary function, the impact of select symptoms, and level of initial fitness on performance during an URI were also determined. Forty-five subjects (females=21, male=24) between 18 and 29 years of age participated in this study and were assigned to a mild or severe illness group based on symptom severity. There was also a control group of 10 subjects (female=5, male=5). An initial serological screening was performed on all experimental subjects to assess for the RV16 antibody.Subjects testing negative for the antibody performed a baseline graded exercise test to volitional fatigue, as well as pulmonary function tests. Each subject was inoculated two consecutive days with the RV16 virus within ten days of the baseline exercise test. The day following the second inoculation (peak illness) the subjects performed post-pulmonary function and exercise tests. The control subjects performed two resting pulmonary function and exercise tests separated by one week. Significance was set at p<0.05. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed a significant interaction in V02 at submaximal and maximal levels between trials for all groups (p<0.045). A significant interaction for VE for all levels and all groups was found (p<0.002). No impairment in resting pulmonary function was observed. Analyses of symptoms, and initial V02 in regard to performance, also revealed no significant differences. Therefore, the results seem to indicate that an URI does not limit one's ability to perform at submaximal or maximal levels of exercise, however, some relationship seems to exist. Further research is needed to clarify the effects of an URI on physical performance. / School of Physical Education

Although upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) are the most frequent illness among humans, insufficient evidence exists to determine if exercise training during an URTI may prolong or intensify an URTI. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effect of exercise training on the severity and duration of URTI symptoms. Following serological screening, those subjects who were rhinovirus 16 (RV 16) antibody-free completed a graded exercise test. Thirty-four individuals (ages 18-29 years) of moderate fitness (between 32 ml/kg"1/miri 1- 60 ml/kg 1/min"1) were randomly assigned to the exercise group (EX) while 16 individuals of similar age served as a nonexercise control group (CTL). All subjects were inoculated with RV 16 on two consecutive days. EX subjects completed 40 minutes of supervised exercise at 70% of heart rate reserve within 18 hours of each inoculation and then exercised every other day for the next eight days (total of six exercise sessions). Immediately following each exercise period subjects completed a symptom checklist. EX subjects were strongly encouraged to abstain from any additional physical activity while the CTL group was encouraged to be as sedentary as possible for ten days beginning the first day of inoculation. Prior to the first inoculation and every 12 hours afterwards all subjects completed a 13 item symptom severity checklist and a physical activity log (e.g., minutes of walking, and hours of work). Used facial tissues were collected and weighed during these same reporting periods. One-way analysis of variance indicated that there! was no significant difference between groups with respect to additional physical activity. Two-way analysis of variance indicated that there were no significant differences in either the severity or duration of an URTI (symptom scores, mucous weights) between the EX and CTL groups for any given day. Further, no significant differences were observed between the pre and post exercise symptom scores for the EX group. These results suggests that moderate exercise training during a rhinovirus-caused URTI does not appear to alter the severity and duration of the illness. This was the first study to examine the influence of exercise on symptom severity and duration during an URTI. Additional studies should be performed utilizing various exercise prescriptions (e.g. intensity, frequency and duration), subject populations (e.g. younger and older), and fitness levels (e.g. sedentary, and highly fit). / School of Physical Education

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 183-218) Also available in print.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wyoming, 2009. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on Apr. 15, 2010). Includes bibliographical references (p. 42-45).

Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Rhode Island, 2008. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 127-137).

Thesis (D.PT.)--Sage Colleges, 2009. / "May 2009." "A Capstone project for PTY 768 presented to the Faculty of the Physical Therapy Department Sage Graduate School in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Physical Therapy." Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M. Med. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 2006.

Thesis (DPhil. (Medical Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences))--University of Pretoria, 2002. / Summary in English and Afrikaans. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 108-129).

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