Securing information during its storage and transmission is an important and widely addressed issue. Generally, cryptographic techniques are used for information security. Cryptography requires long keys which need to be kept secret in order to protect the information. The drawback of cryptography is that these keys are not strongly linked to the user identity. In order to strengthen the link between the user's identity and his cryptographic keys, biometrics is combined with cryptography. In this thesis, we present various methods to combine biometrics with cryptography. With this combination, we also address the privacy issue of biometric systems: revocability, template diversity, and privacy protection are added to the biometric verification systems. Finally, we also present a protocol for generating and sharing biometrics based crypto-biometric session keys. These systems are evaluated on publicly available iris and face databases

La sécurité est un enjeu majeur de notre société numérique. En règle générale, les techniques cryptographiques sont utilisées pour sécuriser l'information avec des clés cryptographiques. Un inconvénient majeur de ces systèmes est le faible lien entre les clés et l’utilisateur. Avec la biométrie on a une preuve plus forte de la présence physique d’un individu, mais ces systèmes possèdent aussi leurs inconvénients, tels que la non-révocabilité ainsi que le potentiel de compromettre notre vie privée. Un axe de recherche multidisciplinaire se profile depuis 1998, la crypto-biométrie. Dans cette thèse des solutions innovantes sont proposées pour améliorer la sécurité tout en protégeant notre vie privée. Plusieurs systèmes crypto-biométriques sont proposés, tels que la biométrie révocable, des systèmes de régénérations de clés crypto-biométriques, ainsi qu’une proposition pratique d’un protocole d'authentification. Ces systèmes sont évaluées sur des bases de données publiques d'images de visage et d'iris / Securing information during its storage and transmission is an important and widely addressed issue. Generally, cryptographic techniques are used for information security. Cryptography requires long keys which need to be kept secret in order to protect the information. The drawback of cryptography is that these keys are not strongly linked to the user identity. In order to strengthen the link between the user's identity and his cryptographic keys, biometrics is combined with cryptography. In this thesis, we present various methods to combine biometrics with cryptography. With this combination, we also address the privacy issue of biometric systems: revocability, template diversity, and privacy protection are added to the biometric verification systems. Finally, we also present a protocol for generating and sharing biometrics based crypto-biometric session keys. These systems are evaluated on publicly available iris and face databases