In the thesis, problems related to the moments of the periodic zeta-function are considered. The aim of the thesis is to obtain asymptotic formulae for some analytic objects related to the periodic zeta-function. The problems are the following: 1. To prove the Atkinson-type formula with a new error term in the critical strip for the periodic zeta-function with rational parameter. 2. To prove a mean square formula for the error term in the Atkinson-type formula on the critical line for the periodic zeta-function. 3. To prove a mean square formula for the error term in the Atkinson-type formula in the critical strip for the periodic zeta-function. 4. To obtain an asymptotic formula for the fourth power moment of the periodic zeta-function. / Disertacijos tyrimo objektas yra periodinė dzeta funkcija. Mokslinė problema - šios funkcijos momentų problema. Darbo tikslas - įrodyti asimptotines formules periodinės funkcijos momentams bei kai kuriems objektams, susijusiems su šios funkcijos momentais. Darbo uždaviniai yra šie: 1. Įrodyti Atkinsono tipo formulę su korektišku liekamuoju nariu kritinėje juostoje periodinei dzeta funkcijai su racionaliuoju parametru. 2. Įrodyti Atkinsono tipo formulės periodinei dzeta funkcijai kritinėje tiesėje vidurkio formulę liekamojo nario modulio kvadratui. 3. Įrodyti Atkinsono tipo formulės periodinei dzeta funkcijai kritinėje juostoje vidurkio formulę liekamojo nario modulio kvadratui. 4. Gauti asimptotinę formulę periodinės dzeta funkcijos ketvirtajam momentui.

Disertacijos tyrimo objektas yra periodinė dzeta funkcija. Mokslinė problema - šios funkcijos momentų problema. Darbo tikslas - įrodyti asimptotines formules periodinės funkcijos momentams bei kai kuriems objektams, susijusiems su šios funkcijos momentais. Darbo uždaviniai yra šie: 1. Įrodyti Atkinsono tipo formulę su korektišku liekamuoju nariu kritinėje juostoje periodinei dzeta funkcijai su racionaliuoju parametru. 2. Įrodyti Atkinsono tipo formulės periodinei dzeta funkcijai kritinėje tiesėje vidurkio formulę liekamojo nario modulio kvadratui. 3. Įrodyti Atkinsono tipo formulės periodinei dzeta funkcijai kritinėje juostoje vidurkio formulę liekamojo nario modulio kvadratui. 4. Gauti asimptotinę formulę periodinės dzeta funkcijos ketvirtajam momentui. / In the thesis, problems related to the moments of the periodic zeta-function are considered. The aim of the thesis is to obtain asymptotic formulae for some analytic objects related to the periodic zeta-function. The problems are the following: 1. To prove the Atkinson-type formula with a new error term in the critical strip for the periodic zeta-function with rational parameter. 2. To prove a mean square formula for the error term in the Atkinson-type formula on the critical line for the periodic zeta-function. 3. To prove a mean square formula for the error term in the Atkinson-type formula in the critical strip for the periodic zeta-function. 4. To obtain an asymptotic formula for the fourth power moment of the periodic zeta-function.

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The Hilbert-P\'olya conjecture asserts that the non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function $\zeta(s)$ correspond (in a certain canonical way) to the eigenvalues of some positive operator. R. Meyer constructed a differential operator $D_-$ acting on a function space $\H$ and showed that the eigenvalues of the adjoint of $D_-$ are exactly the nontrivial zeros of $\zeta(s)$ with multiplicity correspondence. We follow Meyer's construction with a slight modification. Specifically, we define two function spaces $\H_\cap$ and $\H_-$ on $(0,\infty)$ and characterize them via the Mellin transform. This allows us to show that $Z\H_\cap\subseteq\H_-$ where $Zf(x)=\sum_{n=1}^\infty f(nx)$. Also, the differential operator $D$ given by $Df(x)=-xf'(x)$ induces an operator $D_-$ on the quotient space $\H=\H_-/Z\H_\cap$. We show that the eigenvalues of $D_-$ on $\H$ are exactly the nontrivial zeros of $\zeta(s)$. Moreover, the geometric multiplicity of each eigenvalue is one and the algebraic multiplicity of each eigenvalue is its vanishing order as a nontrivial zero of $\zeta(s)$. We generalize our construction on the Riemann zeta function to some $L$-functions, including the Dirichlet $L$-functions and $L$-functions associated with newforms in $\mathcal S_k(\Gamma_0(M))$ with $M\ge1$ and $k$ being a positive even integer. We give spectral interpretations for these $L$-functions in a similar fashion.

<p>Disertacija se bavi sumiranjem redova sa specijalnim funkcijama. Ovi redovi se posredstvom trigonometrijskih redova svode na redove sa Riemannovom zeta funkci&shy;jom i srodnim funkcijama. U određenim slučajevima sumacione formule se mogu dovesti na takozvani zatvoreni oblik, &scaron;to znači da se beskonačni redovi predstavljaju konačnim sumama. Predloženi metodi sumacije omogućavaju ubrzanje konvergencije, a mogu se primeniti i kod nekih graničnih problema matematičke fizike. Sumacione formule uključuju kao specijalne slučajeve neke formule poznate iz literature, ali i nove sume, s obzirom da su op&scaron;teg karaktera. Pomoću ovih formula sumirani su i redovi sa integralima trigonometrijskih i specijalnih funkcija.</p> / <p>This dissertation deals with the summation of series over special functions. Through<br />trigonometric series these series are reduced to series in terms of Riemann zeta and<br />related functions. They can be brought in closed form in some cases, i.e. infinite<br />series are expressed as finite sums. Closed form formulas make it possible to accele&shy;<br />rate the convergence of some series, and have many applications in various scientific<br />fields as well. For example, closed form solutions of the boundary value problem in<br />mathematical physics can be obtained. Summation formulas include particular cases<br />known from the literature, but because of their general character one can come to<br />new sums. By means of these formul&aacute;is the sums of series over integrals containing<br />trigonometric or special functions have been found.</p>

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This thesis presents results in two apparently disparate mathematical fields which can both be examined -- and even united -- by means of pure analysis. Fractional calculus is the study of differentiation and integration to non-integer orders. Dating back to Leibniz, this idea was considered by many great mathematical figures, and in recent decades it has been used to model many real-world systems and processes, but a full development of the mathematical theory remains incomplete. Many techniques for partial differential equations (PDEs) can be extended to fractional PDEs too. Three chapters below cover my results in this area: establishing the elliptic regularity theorem, Malgrange-Ehrenpreis theorem, and unified transform method for fractional PDEs. Each one is analogous to a known result for classical PDEs, but the proof in the general fractional scenario requires new ideas and modifications. Fractional derivatives and integrals are not uniquely defined: there are many different formulae, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages. The most commonly used is the classical Riemann-Liouville model, but others may be preferred in different situations, and now new fractional models are being proposed and developed each year. This creates many opportunities for new research, since each time a model is proposed, its mathematical fundamentals need to be examined and developed. Two chapters below investigate some of these new models. My results on the Atangana-Baleanu model proposed in 2016 have already had a noticeable impact on research in this area. Furthermore, this model and the results concerning it can be extended to more general fractional models which also have certain desirable properties of their own. Fractional calculus and zeta functions have rarely been united in research, but one chapter below covers a new formula expressing the Lerch zeta function as a fractional derivative of an elementary function. This result could have many ramifications in both fields, which are yet to be explored fully. Zeta functions are very important in analytic number theory: the Riemann zeta function relates to the distribution of the primes, and this field contains some of the most persistent open problems in mathematics. Since 2012, novel asymptotic techniques have been applied to derive new results on the growth of the Riemann zeta function. One chapter below modifies some of these techniques to prove asymptotics to all orders for the Hurwitz zeta function. Many new ideas are required, but the end result is more elegant than the original one for Riemann zeta, because some of the new methodologies enable different parts of the argument to be presented in a more unified way. Several related problems involve asymptotics arbitrarily near a stationary point. Ideally it should be possible to find uniform asymptotics which provide a smooth transition between the integration by parts and stationary phase methods. One chapter below solves this problem for a particular integral which arises in the analysis of zeta functions.

Die asymptotische Entwicklung der Funktion \(Z(t)=e^{i\vartheta(t)}\zeta{(1/2+it)}\) für reelle \(t\to+\infty\) (dabei ist \(\vartheta(t)=\Im\log{\Gamma{(1/4+it/2)}}-(t\log{\pi})/2\) und \(\zeta{(1/2+it)}\) die Riemannsche Zetafunktion auf der kritischen Geraden $\Re{(s)}=1/2$ – heute allgemein als Riemann–Siegel–Formel bezeichnet – wird auf neue Weise mit Hilfe der Sattelpunktmethode aus der sogenannten Riemann–Siegel"–Integralformel hergeleitet. Die Formeln zur Berechnung der in der asymptotischen Reihe auftretenden Koeffizienten werden vereinfacht und für \(t \ge 200\) explizite Fehlerabschätzungen für die ersten 11 Partialsummen dieser Reihe angegeben. Der tabellarische Anhang enthält u. a. die exakte Darstellung der ersten 13 Koeffizienten der asymptotischen Reihe in der auf D. H. Lehmer zurückgehenden Form sowie die Potenzreihenentwicklungen und die Entwicklungen nach Tschebyscheffschen Polynomen 1. Art der ersten 11 Koeffizienten mit einer Genauigkeit von 50 Dezimalstellen.

The present thesis can be divided in three parts: 1) Quantum gate teleportation; 2) Numerical search of universal entanglers; 3) Connections between quantum information and number theory. Regarding the quantum gate teleportation, a separability criterion of normal matrices is used to find the analytical conditions of the preservation of separability under conjugation. That analytical condition allowed to find the general formula of an element of $mathbb{C}^{4}$ Clifford group, as well to understand the role of the basis of measurement in the quantum gate teleportation protocol. Considering the searching for universal entanglers, the same separability criterion of normal matrices was used as fitness function in a computational heuristics, in prder to find good candidates for universal entanglers in $mathbb{C}^{3} otimes mathbb{C}^{4}$ and $mathbb{C}^{4} otimes mathbb{C}^{4}$ Hilbert spaces. At last, in the connection of quantum information with the number theory, it is presented the study of the preparation and entanglement of several multi-qubit quantum states based in integer sequences, and the Riemannian quantum circuit, a quantum circuit whose eigenvalues are related to the zeros of the Riemann zeta function. The existence of such circuit proves that is always possible to construct a physical system related to a finite amount of zeros. / A presente tese està dividida em trÃs partes: 1) TeleportaÃÃo de portas quÃnticas; 2) Busca numÃrica por entrelaÃadores universais; 3) ConexÃes entre a informaÃÃo quÃntica e a teoria dos nÃmeros. No que diz a teleportaÃÃo de portas quÃnticas, um critÃrio de separabilidade para matrizes normais à usada para encontrar as condiÃÃes analÃticas da preservaÃÃo da separabilidade sob conjugaÃÃo. Tais condiÃÃes analÃticas permitiram encontrar a forma geral de um elemento do grupo de Clifford em $mathbb{C}^{4}$, assim como tambÃm entender o papel da base de mediÃÃo no protocolo de teleportaÃÃo de portas quÃnticas. Considerando a busca por entrelaÃadores universais, o mesmo critÃrio de separabilidade de matrizes normais foi utilizado como funÃÃo de aptidÃo em uma heurÃstica computacional aplicada para encontrar bons candidatos a entrelaÃadores universais nos espaÃos de Hilbert de dimensÃes $mathbb{C}^{3} otimes mathbb{C}^{4}$ e $mathbb{C}^{4} otimes mathbb{C}^{4}$. Por fim, sobre as conexÃes da informaÃÃo quÃntica com a teoria dos nÃmeros, à apresentado um estudo da preparaÃÃo e entrelaÃamento de vÃrios estados quÃnticos de mÃltiplos qubits baseados em sequÃncias de nÃmeros inteiros. Apresenta-se ainda o circuito quÃntico Riemanniano, um circuito quÃntico cujos autovalores sÃo relacionados aos zeros da funÃÃo Zeta de Riemann. A existÃncia deste circuito prova que à sempre possÃvel construir um sistema fÃsico relacionado a uma quantidade finita de zeros.