La complexité des projets d'infrastructure en mer, notamment l'installation de centrales électriques, du fait d'un cadre légal non adapté en matière d'électricité et en matière d'exploitation de l'espace maritime et des ressources marines et de la complexité de relations bilatérales existantes entre les pays riverains du golfe du Mexique, sert d'argument en faveur du recours à des partenariats public-privé plutôt qu'à d'autres formes traditionnelles de partenariats, d'autant plus que l'on vient d'avoir des réformes structurelles du secteur mexicain de l'énergie qui ont changé notamment les paradigmes, sa structure, la législation et la régulation applicable et le rôle des autorités auparavant existantes. Or, dans son état actuel, le marché mexicain de l'électricité demeure susceptible d'empêcher une libre et saine concurrence et met l'accent sur l'importance de préserver la sécurité juridique des investisseurs, notamment pour des cas d'infrastructures complexes. Conçu dans le cadre des partenariats public-privé, l'on propose un mécanisme de financement basé sur le recours à des instruments financiers dérivés ayant pour actif sous-jacent des indices sur l'électricité, accompagné d'un encadrement législatif formulé sur la base des textes européens. En effet, puisque la transversalité qui caractérise le droit de l'électricité ne se limite pas à la seule mise en place des projets d'infrastructures matérielles, elle doit servir aussi à justifier la création d'un marché de gros de l'électricité et la négociation sur des instruments financiers nouveaux. / The complexity of infrastructural offshore projects, in particular the installation of electric utilities, as a consequence of a non-adapted legal framework applicable to both electricity and to the exploitation of the maritime space and of marine resources, as well as the complexity of bilateral relations existing between the neighboring countries of the Gulf of Mexico, should be seen as an argument in favor of the use of public private partnerships rather than traditional forms of partnerships, especially because the Mexican energy market's structure has just been reformed, giving thus place to changes in existing paradigms, in the applicable legislation and regulation and in the role of existing authorities. Nevertheless, in its current state, the Mexican electricity market remains likely to impede a free and healthy competition, situation that emphasizes the importance of preserving investors' legal security, especially in the case of complex infrastructural projects. Conceived within the framework of public private partnerships, it is proposed a financial scheme based on the use of financial derivatives having for underlying asset electricity indexes, accompanied by its legal framework conceived on the basis of European texts. In fact, because of the cross-cutting nature that characterizes the right of electricity, its study should not be limited to the mere installation of material infrastructures, but should also justify the creation of a wholesale electricity market and the setting of bases for the negotiation of new financial instruments.

Magister Legum - LLM (Public Law and Jurisprudence) / Electricity supply can be classified into three stages namely: generation, transmission and distribution, with the functions of generation and transmission being carried out by Eskom. In 2001, Eskom was converted from a statutory body into a public company having a share capital with its entire share capital held by the State. It is a major public entity and therefore an Organ of State and albeit that Eskom is classified as a public company, it is still a State-owned Enterprise. Municipalities purchase electricity from Eskom in bulk in order to carry out the distribution function and manage bulk supply of electricity to end-users in terms of the Local Government: Municipal Structures Act 117 of 1998 (Structures Act). Municipalities re-sell electricity purchased from Eskom to end-users as well as provide free basic electricity to indigent consumers.