This paper researches the relationships between sub-center cities, satellite cities and core cities in Jingjinji Area, Huninghang Area and Pearl River Delta. It also covers the connections between Chinese housing market and stock market. It uses an unique dataset called China Real Estate Index System (CREIS) to measure the Chinese housing prices. Through correlations, Granger causality tests and regression models, this paper concludes there are indeed connections for the movements in housing prices in the surrounding cities relative to Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen in the three city groups, and there is no sufficient evidence to show the existence of the connection between Chinese housing market and stock market.

In this study we assessed growth laws of sub-delta crevasses in the Mississippi River delta plain, experimental laboratory deltas, and compared them to previously studied river dominated large deltas worldwide. Metrics for channel and delta geometry for each system were obtained using a combination of geospatial tools, bathymetric datasets, sediment size, and hydrodynamic observations. Most crevasses and experimental deltas appear to obey delta growth laws suggesting that they exhibit planform metrics similar to larger deltas. However, some channels within each system, exhibit outlier behavior (e.g. asymmetric growth) where channel length is much larger than channel width. Hydrodynamic observations and morphodynamic modeling results, support the role of confinement in governing this response, through direct lateral confinement of the receiving basin width and depth thus guiding channels, and indirect confinement caused by sediment cohesion, whereby natural levees guide the systems asymmetric channel growth.

Long-term perspectives on the evolution of river deltas have provided useful knowledge capable of responding to pending questions related to the ongoing climate and environmental changes. Increasing utilization pressure on delta environments has necessitated increased attention to protect the socio-economic and ecological values. As a result, multiple local initiatives have been designed, aimed at mitigating environmental deterioration and implementing adaptive measures, but many such initiatives have shown limited success. This thesis uses a case study of Save River delta in Mozambique to explore the relation between geomorphological evolution and socio-ecological system dynamics in delta environments. In addition, key environmental variables that concern the society today are highlighted and discussed in a management perspective. The results of the study show the development of Save River delta from the mid-Holocene to the present. The geomorphological settings of the delta suggest a faulted coastline over which subsequent deposition of fluvial sediments has formed a protruding delta front. Between c. 3000 and 1300 years ago, fine-grained sediments accumulated on top of the delta-front in the proximal part of the delta. This type of material was deposited under intertidal conditions and supported the formation of mangrove habitat. The geographical distribution of the mangrove deposit was driven by successive stages of back-barrier swamp formation and sea-level change as the delta evolved. From c. 1300 years ago, the river delta started to receive fluvial sediments from pulses of floods forming an alluvial floodplain. These sediments have accumulated mainly on the fine-grained mangrove wetland deposit. All the geomorphological features have evolved in a shoreward-shifting pattern over time. Centennial to decadal changes observed in the delta have followed a predictable geomorphological pattern, which is also part of the millennial evolution. The mangrove system, the base for the socio-economic system, is consequently strongly affected by the geomorphological development of the area. An increasing sensitivity of socio-ecological systems to environmental stressors, e.g. floods, cyclones and erosion, has motivated multiple initiatives to work towards a sustainable management of delta environments. This thesis highlights the need for interplay between geomorphology and ecology, considering both long- and short-term dynamics of delta environments. Hitherto, management initiatives have been concentrated on fragmented interventions of controlling water flow, which have disrupted the natural dynamics by obstructing the sedimentation-erosion cycle. To change this trend, coastal planners need to consider the significance of natural processes, e.g. cyclones, floods, erosion and accretion, for the long-term ecological and social sustainability of delta environments. / <p>At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 1: Manuscript. Paper 2. Manuscript. Paper 3: Manuscript. Paper 4: Manuscript.</p>

The vertical and lateral aggradation of terminal and crevasse splay deposits in continental environments can form extensive fine-grained, sheet-like sandstone bodies which may form an important but often overlooked component of subsurface hydrocarbon reservoirs. This study examines splay deposits on the modern day Distributive Fluvial System (DFS), of the Parapeti River, Bolivia, using remote sensing techniques and geographic information system (ArcGIS) to characterise both lateral and terminal modern splay systems. Overall emphasis is given to the spatial and temporal relationship between sedimentary facies at the distal part of the Parapeti DFS over the past 42 years. A sedimentary facies evolution model is created to account for the development of the distal part of the Parapeti DFS. A number of splay deposits have formed and developed during this period and the Parapeti channel has prograded ~17 km basinward by short-term deposition in one location, followed by either repeated local avulsion or coeval downstream progradation of the terminal channel and associated splays. Rock record examples from the Miocene aged Huesca DFS in the Ebro Basin, Spain were studied in order to compare dimensional data as well as understand the relationship between splays and associated channel bodies. The study area is characterized by thin sandstone sheets (0.05-2.6 m thick; 100s m wide) interbedded with mudstones and siltstones interpreted to represent a terminal splay complex based on the distribution of facies, architectural elements and paleocurrent data. There is a strong resemblance between the model developed for the Parapeti DFS and the splay complexes recorded in the Miocene Huesca DFS. Sedimentary models are proposed in which terminal splay formation through avulsions is considered to be the dominant process in the distal parts of both systems. Avulsions control sediment distribution, resulting in stacking of splay deposits to form extensive sandstone sheets. However, it is suggested that different types of avulsion successions (i.e. progressive or abrupt) recognized by previous workers, may not be distinguishable in the rock record as they can produce a similar stratigraphic signature.

The stratified flow of the lower Mississippi River due to density gradients is a well documented phenomenon. This stratification of fresh and saline water manifests itself as a heavier wedge of saline water that extends upriver and a buoyant fresh water plume extending into the Gulf of Mexico past the Southwest Pass jetties. The maximum absolute distance of saltwater intrusion observed anywhere in the world occurred on the Mississippi River in 1939 and 1940 when saltwater was observed approximately 225 km upstream from the mouth of Southwest Pass. The U. S. Army Corps of Engineers now prevents the wedge from migrating upstream by constructing a subaqueous barrier in the river channel. A curvilinear grid was constructed representative of the modern Mississippi River delta. Boundary conditions were developed for the drought year of 2012 and the grid was tested in order to evaluate the salinity intrusion and sediment transport abilities of the Cartesian Z-coordinate Delft3D code. The Z-model proved to have the ability to propagate the saline density current as observed in the prototype. The effect of salinity on fine sediment transport is evaluated by manipulation of the settling velocity through a cosine function provided in the model code. Manipulation of the fine sediment fall velocity through the cosine function was an effective means to simulate the re-circulation of flocculated sediments in the saline wedge turbidity maxima. In addition, the Z-model capably reproduced the fine sediment concentration profiles in a fully turbulent shear flow environment. With the ability to reproduce the seasonal saline density current and its effect on sedimentation within the turbidity maxima as well as sedimentation characteristics in a fully turbulent shear flow, a model capable of analyzing all of the major processes affecting fine sediment transport within the Mississippi River salt wedge estuary has been developed.

No description available.

馮樂新. / 論文(碩士) -- 香港中文大學硏究院地理學部, 1995. / 參考文獻: leaves 124-151. / Feng Lexin. / 謝辭 --- p.i / 論文摘要 --- p.ii / Chapter 第一章 --- 緖論 --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- 硏究背景 --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- 硏究目的 --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- 硏究範圍 --- p.4 / Chapter 1.4 --- 硏究方法 --- p.9 / Chapter 1.5 --- 論文結構 --- p.12 / Chapter 第二章 --- 文獻及理論回顧 --- p.15 / Chapter 2.1 --- 工業地理與工業聯繫 --- p.15 / Chapter 2.2 --- 分判制度的歷史回顧 --- p.16 / Chapter 2.3 --- 分判制度的性質、類別及產生原因 --- p.20 / Chapter 2.4 --- 有關來料加工工業的硏究 --- p.30 / Chapter 第三章 --- 珠江三角洲東部來料加工工業的發展 --- p.34 / Chapter 3.1 --- 發展原因 --- p.34 / Chapter 3.2 --- 發展歷程 --- p.36 / Chapter 3.3 --- 發展特點 --- p.42 / Chapter 3.4 --- 來料加工的成效 --- p.44 / Chapter 第四章 --- 來料加工企業形態與特徵 --- p.51 / Chapter 4.1 --- 組織結構 --- p.51 / Chapter 4.2 --- 勞動過程 --- p.56 / Chapter 4.3 --- 物資聯繫與市場 --- p.66 / Chapter 4.4 --- 分判狀況 --- p.69 / Chapter 4.5 --- 遭遇困難 --- p.73 / Chapter 第五章 --- 以來料加工作爲珠江三角洲小鎭的 工業化策略一一坪地鎭的個案硏究 --- p.81 / Chapter 5.1 --- 坪地鎭背景綜述 --- p.81 / Chapter 5.2 --- 坪地鎭來料加工企業特徵 --- p.86 / Chapter 5.3 --- 坪地鎭三資工業企業特徵 --- p.100 / Chapter 5.4 --- 坪地鎭來料加工企業所遇問題及發展前景 --- p.105 / Chapter 第六章 --- 總結 --- p.112 / Chapter 6.1 --- 硏究結果總結 --- p.112 / Chapter 6.2 --- 珠江三角洲東部來料加工工業發展前景 --- p.115 / Chapter 6.3 --- 硏究啓示 --- p.118 / 參考文獻 --- p.124 / Chapter (A) --- 中文部份 --- p.124 / Chapter (B) --- 英文部份 --- p.133 / 附錄一問卷樣本 --- p.152 / 附錄二 來料加工工業企業各項特徵變項之相關値 --- p.158 / 附錄三 受訪者名單 --- p.159 / 附錄四 來加工企業個案舉例 --- p.160 / 附錄五 坪地鎭相片 --- p.165

First, the field survey campaigns have been carried out from March 22, 2007 to December 27, 2007 around 5-15 days in the interval in the study area of Nansha Island. The field work includes the survey of spatial distribution of various land use and crop types and the ground measurements of the crop biophysical parameters (such as the plant height, leave area index, fresh biomass, and plant water content) and the soil parameters (such as the soil water content and surface roughness parameters) of rice field and sugarcane field. And at the same time, the ENVISAT ASAR data were acquired from March 22, 2007 to December 27, 2007 in the interval of 35 days. During the acquisition dates of the ENVISAT ASAR data, the field surveys were also conducted. / Fourth, the sufficient ground measurements and simultaneous C-band HH- and VV-polarized SAR data of sugarcane crop have enriched the knowledge of understanding the temporal radar scatter mechanisms in sugarcane canopies. The C-band VV-polarized radar backscatters are larger than those of HH-polarization during the sugarcane growth cycle, and the difference is around 0.5 dB to 2 dB. The theoretical model MIMICS was adapted in modeling the scattering terms in sugarcane fields to interpret the temporal behavior of radar backscatters. For more robotic operation, the empirical regression models were used in estimation of the sugarcane LAI and fresh biomass, and mapping the sugarcane growth situation. The accuracies of the sugarcane LAI map and Biomass map are 0.74 and 0.70, respectively. / In conclusion, the C-band ENVISAT ASAR data can be efficiently used in the Pearl River Delta to monitor the crop growth, including the crop spatial distribution, crop acreages, and crop growth situation evaluation. The efficient crop growth monitoring program can not only help instruct the flexible farming actions, but also estimate the crop yield production for the decision-making government. (Abstract shortened by UMI.) / Second, field surveys were combined with the ENVISAT ASAR data to map the agricultural area. The analysis of the temporal radar backscatter characteristics of various land cover categories demonstrated that the time series of C-band SAR data is efficient in separating the eight land cover categories (rice paddy, sugarcane, banana, lotus ponds, mangrove wetlands, fish ponds, seawater, and buildings) in the PRD. The decision tree classifier is also approved to work efficiently on satellite SAR images with an overall accuracy of 77% and the Kappa coefficient of 0.74. The acreages of the land cover categories were also derived from the classification result with accuracies from 70% to 90%. / The Pearl River Delta is a typical developing region. It lies in the cloud-prone and rainy area of south China with multi-species of crops cultured in the agriculture areas. With a goal of developing an efficient, timely and accurate crop growth monitoring program in this area, field measurement, satellite SAR remote sensing technique, quantitative analysis of the crop biophysical parameters, and radar backscatter modeling methods have been integrated to study the multi-temporal and multi-polarized SAR data in estimating plant parameters (LAI, fresh biomass) of rice and sugarcane crop, and mapping the agricultural land cover categories of the study area in the PRD. / Third, in the study of rice growth monitoring, the trends of the relationships between C-band radar backscattering coefficients and rice parameters (plant height, LAI, fresh biomass, et al.) are proved to be constant with the reports in previous literatures. It was demonstrated that the differences between HH- and VV-polarized backscatter are not so evident (around 0.5 dB) in rice paddy canopies during the crop growth cycle. Moreover, by inducting a semi-empirical soil surface scattering component, a modified Water Cloud Model was developed to simulate the radar backscatter in rice crop canopies in different ground background situations (water surface, and soil surface) and to estimate the rice LAI and above ground fresh Biomass with reasonable accuracy. The rice growth conditions were displayed by LAI map and Biomass map generated from the model estimation, and the accuracies of the LAI and Biomass level classification are 0.77 and 0.71. / Wang, Dan. / Advisers: Hui Lin; Jin-Song Chen. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 72-11, Section: B, page: . / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 132-138). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [201-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese.

No description available.

No description available.