My thesis aims to create a place of worship for the people of the neighborhood of Plataforma, located in Salvador Bahia, Brazil. Candomble was introduced to Brazil during times of slavery and is the root of Afro-Brazilian culture. In the chaotic world of favelas (Portuguese for slums) the religion of Candomble brings people together and gives order to the community. The neighborhood's current temple also functions as the local priest's home. As an area of low socioeconomic status, Plataforma has been neglected, and so has its temple. My design seeks to honor the importance of religion in this area of Brazil by using sacred architecture to create a structure that is culturally and religiously sensitive. Construction of the temple mimics the natural architecture of the favelas, and the materials used for the site can be found in the area. My hope for this project is to work in collaboration with the non-profit organization Axis Mundi, to raise the funds and support necessary to build this temple for the community of Plataforma. / Master of Architecture

Regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) is a common and useful practice for water conservation and improving grape quality. To attain better grape characteristics and wine quality, a substantial degree of irrigation stress is intentionally allowed to occur during the first part of berry formation and can continue until later into veraison. Understanding the effects of deficit irrigation on photosynthetic rates could be helpful in determining at what degree and duration a grower should perform this irrigation practice. The focus of this study was to determine the effects of using differing degrees of RDI in a vineyard located in Paso Robles, California (central coast region) on gas exchange of the Syrah variety. The target irrigation levels were set for each season at 75, 60, 45, and 30% ETc of a fully irrigated vine (100% ET). The 60% replication was considered as the control for this study, as it is the standard target ET rate for the vineyard where this study was conducted. A gas analyzer (LICOR 6200) was used to measure the overall rate of photosynthesis during two successive growing seasons (2004 & 2005). Measurements were taken from bloom through harvest and were compared among the four different irrigation levels. Along with overall photosynthetic rate, the leaf temperature, stomatal conductance, light level, and relative humidity were also measured. The results of the two year study were statistically compared through an analysis of variance (ANOVA) and analyzed for their significance. The results of the study showed that minor differences in the mean photosynthetic rates were found to occur during brief periods of the growing season. These differences ranged from 1-4 weeks and did not occur at similar times of the growing season. However, no statistical significant differences were found to exist when compared among the four irrigation levels for the entire growing season. Observed differences in canopy sizes indicated that irrigation amounts had affected the overall growth to some degree during this two year study. Several plant physiological measurements showed a significant difference in the measured gas exchange rates between sun exposed leaves and the shade leaves within the treatment area. A significant correlation of the effect of leaf temperature on stomatal conductance was observed to exist in one of the irrigation treatments (45% ET) during this study. Other plant physiological measurements indicated that highly significant differences existed between the photosynthesis rate and leaf temperature. Photosynthetic rates were highly significantly correlated to leaf conductance, air temperature, and relative humidity. A significant difference of photosynthetic rates was identified to occur between stomatal conductance and air temperature. This study concludes that differential irrigation amounts on Syrah in the Central Coast region, specifically Paso Robles, have minimal effect on overall photosynthetic rate and does not fully support the anisohydric stomatal reaction that has recently been studied by plant physiologists working with this variety.

"Downum's book provides a comprehensive overview of prehistoric settlement patterns within the Los Robles region of southern Arizona. . . . An important contribution to understanding the prehistoric patterns of settlement for the project area and surrounding region."—Journal of the West "Downum's carefully done volume is an important contribution to Hohokam archaeology. . . . Clearly written and illustrated."—AM Indian Quarterly

Este trabajo se enmarca dentro de los estudios que dan cuenta de la implementación del colonialismo en la Araucanía en la primera mitad del siglo XX. Si bien las relaciones políticas entre el Estado chileno y la sociedad mapuche sufrieron transformaciones que encuentran sus raíces en el siglo XIX, es en las primeras tres décadas del siglo XX que se genera el corpus documental emanado del accionar de los Protectores de Indígenas. Esta figura del sistema administrativo chileno, instaurada por el Presidente de la República Manuel Montt mediante la ley de 4 de marzo de 1866, produjo innumerables escritos en favor de los indígenas a los que representaba durante el cumplimiento de sus funciones, contenidas en la mencionada ley de 1866.

Realiza un análisis para determinar las características del periodismo narrativo peruano (2006 al 2013) en base al trabajo de David Hidalgo, Daniel Titinger, Marco Avilés y Juan Manuel Robles. Se analizaron diez crónicas de los cuatro autores mencionados utilizando el análisis narratológico postulado por Gérard Genette y simplificado para este trabajo. La principal conclusión a la que se llegó es que la construcción narrativa interna de las crónicas responde a criterios similares entre uno y otro autor. / Tesis

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The Latin American centennial celebrations of independence (ca.1909-1925) constituted a key moment in the consolidation of national symbols and tropes, while also producing a renewed focus on transnational affinities that generated a series of discourses on continental unity. At the same time, a boom in archaeological explorations, within a general climate of scientific positivism, provided Latin Americans with new information about their ‘grandiose’ former civilisations, such as the Inca and the Aztec, which some then argued for as an American equivalent to ancient Greek and Egyptian cultures. These discourses moved from the political to the cultural sphere, themselves shaping ideas about Latin American national and continental identity. In the arts, and particularly in music, artists as a result began to move from using European techniques and depicting European themes, to produce an art that could be considered Latin American. This dissertation explores discourses surrounding the Inca in particular as a source for the creation of a ‘national’ and ‘continental’ art music during the first three decades of the twentieth century, with a concentration on ‘nationalist’ composers of Peru, Ecuador and Argentina. Three main topics bind together my analysis: interpretations of the Inca musical system, the postcolonial style called yaraví, and the composition of opera. To this end, I look into early twentieth-century writings on Inca music and its origins, investigate attempts to reconstruct it, describe how certain composers applied ‘Inca’ techniques into their own works, and consider how this music was perceived by local audiences. Ultimately, I argue that faced with the difficulties of constructing national unity at the time, the turn to Inca culture and music in pursuit of such unity could only succeed within particular intellectual circles, and that the idea that the Inca example could produce a ‘music of America’ would ultimately remain a utopia.

This paper examines vineyard perceptions and adoption of climate change adaptation and water conservation measures in the Paso Robles American Viticultural Area (AVA). A survey was distributed to all 220 vineyards and vineyard management companies that operate in the AVA, with a 53.64% response rate. The objective of the survey was to determine vineyard manager and owner attitudes towards climate change and adaptation, as well as their perceptions of how these threats would impact their operation. A second objective was to document the current level of water conservation and climate adaptation while identifying the barriers and opportunities for further adoption of these practices. The third objective was to share a climate projection to assess perceived impacts, attitudes, and perceptions of the projection and capacity to adapt. The final objective was to develop a typology to assist targeted outreach of vineyards. Our results showed that the most important current climate impact is heat, with water regulations and supply being the biggest concern in the future. Vineyards were also found to be relatively unsure about their capability to further implement adaptation measures, with relatively low adoption of most practices already. Decision support tools, like the climate projection, were found to be useful and desired by vineyards for management. Results of our study showed that trust in the information source can be a barrier to use of these tools. We identified further barriers to adoption of practices and identified an outreach strategy using a typology of vineyards, which focused on smaller vineyards and those without wineries. These results can be used to increase efficacy of government and NGO programs that aim to support climate adaptation and water conservation in the region.