Submitted by Maria Medeiros (maria.dilva1@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-09-24T13:22:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ANTONO AUGUSTO PEREIRA DE SOUSA - TESE (PPGEP) 2007.pdf: 1426545 bytes, checksum: 83eb8c3bb345a67ce10d7dedea6c4ace (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-24T13:22:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ANTONO AUGUSTO PEREIRA DE SOUSA - TESE (PPGEP) 2007.pdf: 1426545 bytes, checksum: 83eb8c3bb345a67ce10d7dedea6c4ace (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-09-14 / O Brasil têm participação significativa no mercado mundial de rochas ornamentais e o Nordeste vem se destacando como uma região de granitos exclusivos e de grande aceitação no mercado externo, especialmente, no fornecimento de blocos. O emprego de argamassa expansiva para desmonte de rochas ornamentais, vem sendo um dos métodos mais procurados pelas indústrias extrativas, por suas inúmeras vantagens, ante os outros métodos para lavra. Entretanto, os aspectos econômicos inibem o incremento do uso de argamassa expansiva no Brasil, devido ao elevado custo, por se tratar de um produto importado. O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar algumas matérias-primas de origem nacional, especialmente, minerais não-metálicos do nordeste brasileiro, visando à obtenção de argamassa expansiva. Para desenvolvimento deste trabalho foram realizados ensaios de caracterização como fluorescência de raios-X (FRX), microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), difração de raios-X (DRX), granulometria a laser e análises térmicas (ATD e ATG) e propriedade tecnológica da pressão de expansão das argamassas comerciais para utilizá-las como padrão, em seguida, foram estudadas composições preliminares de argamassa de diferentes formulações. Durante o estudo foi projetado e executado um equipamento para medição da pressão de expansão das argamassas. Os resultados indicaram que as formulações estudadas apresentaram características e desempenho próximos aos das argamassas comerciais. Os resultados obtidos indicaram a utilização do carbonato como principal matéria-prima para a obtenção do constituinte CaO que é o responsável pela pressão de expansão que provoca o desmonte de rochas ornamentais pelo uso de argamassa expansiva. Finalmente, foi desenvolvida e aplicada in loco num bloco de granito uma argamassa teste com 70% de CaO, 20% de CaCO3,10% de Cimento e 4% de retardador Industrial a base de carboximetilcelulose (CMC), hidratada com 42% de H20 potável, provocando a ruptura num período de 29 horas após a aplicação. / Brazil has significant participation in the ornamental rock world market and the Northeast of Brazil is outstanding as a region with fashionable granite and with great acceptation in the outside market, especially in the blocks supply. The use of expansive mortar to ornamental rock dismount is become one of most important method in the extractive industries, due to their advantages when compared with other methods. However, the economic aspects inhibit the increase in the use of expansive mortar in Brazil, due to elevated costs, once is an imported product. The aim of this work is to study some national raw materials, mainly non-metallic minerals from Brazilian northeast region, to obtain expansive mortar. To development of the research it was done characterization analysis (X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), particle size by laser and thermal analysis (DTA and TG)) and technological properties measurement (expansion pressure) for the commercial mortar, to be used as a standard. It was studied some preliminary formulations and from this it was proposed the construction of a laboratory equipment to measure the expansion pressure of the mortars. The results indicate that the formulation show performance and characteristics close to the commercial mortars. The results also indicate the use of calcium carbonate as the main raw material to produce CaO, which is responsible for the expansion pressure and for the dismount of the ornamental rocks by expansive mortar. Finally, it was developed in laboratory and applied “in loco” in a granite block an expansive mortar with 70% of CaO, 20% of CaCO3, 10% of cement and 4% of industrial additive (carboxyl methyl cellulose) with 42% of brackish water and a rupture of the rock occurred with 29 hours after employed.

Diploma work was performed on a total of six lots in Vysočina County, where he measured the effect of the separation, the effect of weather and temperatures, and comparing technologies casing Rock removal of soil and techniques of planting and harvesting on quality, yield potato starch content and yield and mechanical damage of potato tubers. The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the effect of casing Rock removal of the content and starch yield and mechanical damage of potato tubers. Were evaluated three varieties of potatoes destined for processing into starch. Ornella varieties, Susan and Eurostarch. All three varieties were investigated on land záhonovým odkameněním without Rock removal. In the reporting year for all three varieties to odkameněných land has been greater yield of starch and up 2% and damage decreased by 20%. In parallel, it was found that the difference in tuber yield per hectare of the land is záhonovým odkameněním and land without casing Rock removal were influenced by variety.