Submitted by Paula Andreia Petrini (paula.petrini@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-05-02T16:19:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2018_Dissertação_MS_Paula_Petrini_final.pdf: 4085214 bytes, checksum: da32a03d5bb301af130de6f96b52316f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Lucilene Cordeiro da Silva Messias null (lubiblio@bauru.unesp.br) on 2018-05-03T12:28:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 petrini_pa_me_bauru.pdf: 4085214 bytes, checksum: da32a03d5bb301af130de6f96b52316f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-03T12:28:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 petrini_pa_me_bauru.pdf: 4085214 bytes, checksum: da32a03d5bb301af130de6f96b52316f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-02 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Conhecido como o ramo da ciência que utiliza camadas moleculares ativas para agregar novas funcionalidades a dispositivos, a eletrônica molecular apresenta propostas promissoras para o futuro. Uma classe de pequenas moléculas semicondutoras que vem sendo explorada devido ao seu potencial na fabricação de diferentes dispositivos é a das ftalocianinas de cobre (CuPc). Entretanto, poucos trabalhos presentes na literatura relatam a relação entre a características elétricas dos filmes orgânicos e sua espessura em nanoescala. Tal fato é explicado pela dificuldade na deposição de contatos elétricos sobre as camadas moleculares, dado que os métodos atualmente empregados podem vir a danificá-las. Nesse contexto, essa dissertação apresenta a fabricação de um capacitor hibrido ultracompacto (h-Cap) constituído por metal / óxido dielétrico / camada molecular / Metal como uma plataforma para acessar as propriedades elétricas de camadas moleculares. Utilizando como a camada metálica a combinação de filmes finos de ouro, titânio e cromo, óxido de alumínio (Al2O3) para o dielétrico e filmes finos de CuPc como camadas moleculares, os h-Caps são fabricados a partir da técnica roll-up. Para a deposição dos filmes metálicos foi utilizado a técnica de evaporação térmica por feixe de elétrons, a técnica de deposição por camada atômica foi utilizada para a deposição do Al2O3 e pôr fim a técnica de deposição por evaporação por filamento resistivo para as camadas moleculares de CuPc. As características geométricas e estruturais dos h-Caps foram obtidas utilizando microscópios ópticos e eletrônico de varredura. Para a caracterização topográfica do filme de CuPc foi utilizado um microscópio de força atômica. Quanto a caracterização elétrica, foram realizadas medidas de corrente-tensão nos dispositivos, com a finalidade de obter os parâmetros de transportes. A resposta dielétrica do dispositivo foi avaliada utilizando a técnica de espectroscopia de impedância de modo a fornecer medidas de capacitância-frequência, permitindo relacionar a espessura e a constante dielétrica do filme de CuPc (kCuPc). Para os filmes de CuPc entre 5 a 20 nm foi obtido o valor de kCuPc = 4,5 ± 0,5, mostrando que a técnica proposta é uma excelente alternativa para caracterização dielétrica de camadas ultrafinas de semicondutores orgânicos. / Known as the branch of science that uses active molecular layers to add new functionality to devices, molecular electronics presents promising proposals for the future. A class of small semiconductor molecules being exploited due to its potential in the manufacture of different devices is that of copper phthalocyanines (CuPc). However, few papers in the literature report the relationship between the electrical characteristics of organic films and their thickness at the nanoscale. This fact is explained by the difficulty in the deposition of electrical contacts on the molecular layers, since the methods currently used may damage them. In this context, this dissertation presents the fabrication of an ultracompact hybrid capacitor (h-Cap) consisting of metal / dielectric oxide / molecular layer / metal as a platform to access the electrical properties of molecular layers. Used as the metallic layer is the combination of thin films of gold, titanium and chromium, aluminum oxide for the dielectric and thin films of CuPc as molecular layers, the h-Cap are formed from the roll-up technique. For the deposition of the metallic films was used the thermal evaporation technique by electron beam, the technique of deposition by atomic layer was used for the deposition of Al2O3 and finally the technique of deposition by evaporation by resistive filament for the molecular layers of CuPc . The geometric characteristics of the h-Caps were obtained using optical and scanning electron microscopes. For the topographic characterization of the CuPc film was used to an atomic force microscope. As for the electrical characterization, current-voltage measurements, the h-Caps were evaluated as a function of CuPc thickness (5 to 50 nm) in order to extract their transport parameters. The dielectric response of the device was evaluated using the impedance spectroscopy technique to provide capacitance-frequency measurements, making it possible to relate the thickness and dielectric constant of the CuPc film (kCuPc). For the CuPc films between 5 and 20 nm, the value of kCuPc = 4.5 ± 0.5 was obtained, showing that the proposed technique is an excellent alternative for the dielectric characterization of ultrafine layers of organic semiconductors.

Submitted by Ricardo Magno Lopes da Silva (ricardo.magnolopes@gmail.com) on 2019-01-23T12:18:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Ricardo Magno Lopes da Silva.pdf: 5243589 bytes, checksum: 569fbcb2d89d81df48d323d3c812340b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Lucilene Cordeiro da Silva Messias null (lubiblio@bauru.unesp.br) on 2019-01-24T12:27:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_rml_me_bauru.pdf: 5243589 bytes, checksum: 569fbcb2d89d81df48d323d3c812340b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2019-01-24T12:27:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_rml_me_bauru.pdf: 5243589 bytes, checksum: 569fbcb2d89d81df48d323d3c812340b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-12-04 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A técnica de autoenrolamento de nanomembrana foi utilizada neste trabalho para a fabricação de capacitores ultracompactos (UCCap), permitindo a caracterização de filmes finos de materiais orgânicos e híbridos. O método é conhecido como roll-up, e consiste na formação de uma nanomembrana tensionada, elaborada a fim de produzir estruturas autosustentadas, que promovem o enrolamento do sistema ao serem libertadas de um substrato, determinando uma arquitetura em 3D. Neste trabalho, a tecnologia de nanomembranas foi utilizada com o objetivo de determinar as propriedades elétricas e dielétricas, sob diferentes temperaturas, de camadas de moléculas semicondutoras (CoPc, CuPc e F16CuPc) e de camadas de estruturas híbridas metal-orgânicas (HKUST-1). A caracterização desses materiais em nanoescala foi possível por meio de sua incorporação em UCCap. Os dispositivos foram caracterizados por medidas de espectroscopia de impedância e corrente elétrica. Em filmes finos das ftalocianinas (= 5 nm) na temperatura ambiente (≈ 296 K), foram encontrados valores de 2,1 ± 0,5 para a constante dielétrica da CoPc (kCoPc), 3,1 ± 0,6 para a CuPc (kCuPc) e 1,2 ± 0,6 para F16CuPc (kF16CuPc). As propriedades elétricas / dielétricas dos filmes das ftalocianinas foram analisadas sob diferentes temperaturas e filmes de CoPc foram explorados na presença de campos magnéticos aplicados com valores de magnitude entre - 500 e + 500 mT. As camadas de HKUST-1 incorporadas ao UCCap possibilitaram a determinação do valor de 3,2 ± 1,6 para sua constante dielétrica (kHKUST-1) à ≈ 296 K. Os valores encontrados para os materiais estudados como camada dielétrica em capacitor no estado-sólido são condizentes com valores encontrados na literatura, determinados nas mesmas condições de temperatura a partir de outros métodos de caracterização. O alto valor de incerteza do cálculo se deve ao pequeno espaço amostral utilizado até então. Foi constatado que a estratégia relatada consiste em uma metodologia adequada para determinação de algumas propriedades de filmes finos orgânicos e híbridos, com potencial para aplicação no estudo de outros materiais em escalas nanométricas. / The rolled-up nanomembrane-based technique was used in this work to the manufacture of ultracompact capacitors (UCCap), allowing the characterization of thin films of organic and hybrid materials. The method, known as roll-up, consists in the formation of a strained nanomembrane, elaborated in order to produce self-supported structures that promote the winding of the system when released from a substrate, determining a 3D architecture. In this work, the nanomembrane technology was used to determine the electrical and dielectric properties, for different conditions of temperatures, in layers of semiconductor molecules (CoPc, CuPc and F16CuPc) and layers of hybrid metal-organic structures (HKUST-1). The characterization of these materials at nanoscale was possible by their incorporation into UCCap. Current-voltage and impedance spectroscopy measurements were used to characterize the devices. For thin films of the phthalocyanines (= 5 nm) at room temperature (≈ 296 K), values of 2,1 ± 0,5 were found for CoPc dielectric constant (kCoPc), 3,1 ± 0,6 for CuPc (kCoPc) and 1,2 ± 0,6 for F16CuPc (kF16CoPc). The electrical / dielectric properties of the phthalocyanine films were analyzed under different temperatures and CoPc films were screened in the presence of applied magnetic fields with magnitude values between - 500 and + 500 mT. The HKUST-1 layers incorporated into the UCCap allowed the determination of a value of 3,2 ± 1,6 for its dielectric constant (kHKUST-1) at ≈ 296 K. The values found for the materials studied as dielectric layer of a solid-state capacitor are consistent with values found in literature, determined in the same temperature conditions yet by other characterization methods. The high uncertainty value of the calculation is due to the small number of samples explored until then. It was verified that the reported strategy consists an adequate methodology for determination of some properties of organic and hybrid thin films, with potential for application in the study of other materials in nanometric scales. / 88882.143501/2017-01

The combination of strain engineering, lithography, thin film deposition and etching techniques is an elegant approach to create single microtubes and well-defined arrays of magnetic microtubes. In this work we have successfully shown that strain engineering techniques developed for rolled-up nanomembranes can be applied to magnetic materials and material combinations. To obtain sufficiently strained nanomembranes, different substrates and sacrificial layers in combination with the magnetic layers were used. Careful tuning of the etching parameters ensured a controlled roll-up process without damage or oxidation of the magnetic layer. Additionally, rolled-up nanomembranes were further integrated in a highly parallel fashion on chip, by development and application of multi-step fabrication procedures. Based on the prepared rolled-up magnetic structures and their planar counterparts we have performed a comprehensive study of their magnetic properties, mainly under the influence of magnetic field, strain and temperature. The role of the special cylindrical or curved geometry and their impact on the magnetic properties was outlined and explained based on our understanding. Moreover, the magnetic properties were also discussed in relationship to other influencing material parameters, e.g. composition, crystallographic structure, and surface effects. The first experimental magnetization study on rolled-up InGaAs/Fe3Si heterostructures was presented. It was demonstrated for tube arrays that the change in the geometry from a planar film to the cylindrical shape has a significant effect on the magnetization behavior. A deeper study provided insight into the magnetic switching behavior of single tubes and arrays. Rolled-up Au/Co/Au tubes and showed that in addition to shape anisotropy, magnetostrictive anisotropy due to the anisotropic stress release can inverse the magnetization direction. Exchange coupling at ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic interfaces due to partial oxidation of Co was observed at low temperatures. The results suggest possibilities to tune magnetic properties by controlling the tube dimensions and careful control of thin film growth parameters. The cylindrical shape, the layer thickness the number of rotations and the type of magnetic material are proven to have a strong influence on the magnetic domain patterns and magnetization behavior. Therefore, Ni/Fe tubes have been studied by means of magneto optical Kerr effect. It was found that the magnetization reversal in rolled-up tubes with 1.2 and 2.5 windings occurs via nucleation and propagation of magnetic domain walls. On the other hand, we have demonstrated for rolled-up Au/Co tubes that a certain magnetic layer thickness is required to observe magnetic stripe domains. In another experiment performed with magnetic force microscopy, rolled-up Co/Pt nanomembranes with magnetic domains radially aligned due to perpendicular anisotropy, which behaves as radially polarized cylindrical magnets, were achieved. Moreover, we have demonstrated an elegant approach to create compact MR devices based on rolled-up Co/Cu-ML nanomembranes. We have shown the magnetization behavior and the MR magnitude in comparison to the corresponding planar structures. The influence of number of Co/Cu bilayers, non-magnetic spacer layer, interface roughness and multiple windings on MR was discussed. Our fabrication method can be applied to the most common magnetic materials. Certainly, further optimization of MR towards application as magnetic sensor or magneto-fluidic sensors can be achieved by change of Co/Cu-layer thickness, increase of rolling length and reduced spacer layer thickness. Finally, we have shown a fabrication route to realize freestanding tubes based on Ni-Mn-Ga alloys grown by molecular beam epitaxy on GaAs substrates. The evolution of structural and magnetic properties induced by roll-up was investigated in detail and showed a pronounced influence of crystallographic orientation and strain state of the Ni-Mn-Ga alloys. These insights are fundamental in order to realize thin nanomembranes and freestanding three-dimensional FSMA structures with defined composition for smart applications as compact actuators and microsensors. Consequently, rolled-up magnetic nanomembranes offer a great chance in reducing the size of electronic components and can bring several functionalities to the device. These facts make rolled-up tubes highly attractive for the detection, stimulation and manipulation of small objects, such as ions, molecules, cells and particles. It is expected in the future, that magnetic lab-in-a-tube systems will further account in analysis of microfluidic systems. On the other hand, rolled-up structures significantly contribute to the field of shapeable magnetoelectronics.

No description available.

This thesis deal with the construction proposal of the moving bolster hydraulic try-out press with roll-up cover the bottom cross beam. Hydraulic try-out press is used for testing dies. Moving bolster is used for remove of testing die from the working area of the press. Roll-up cover is designed to protect the bottom cross beam against damage and dirt snapping. Part of this thesis is design a railway track, design of driving mechanism, strength calculation of all functional components, design of welded frame and mechanism of the roll-up cover including safety cover. Designed device is detail proposed in the 3D software. The thesis contains drawing documentation assembly drawings movig bolster, mechanism of roll-up cover and welded frame consisting of welded and machined parts.

L’aérodynamique de l’hélicoptère est fortement impactée par les tourbillons générés aux extrémités de pales. La complexité des phénomènes en jeux et l’insuffisance de données expérimentales locales font du design d’extrémité un véritable défi. Cette étude propose une nouvelle approche dédiée à l’étude des extrémités en vol stationnaire. Une méthode numérique rapide et précise est mise au point afin d’étudier une extrémité de pale en rotation comme une extrémité d’aile fixe. Chaque étape de la construction de la méthode est validée par des comparaisons détaillées avec des données expérimentales publiées. Le code CFD elsA est dans un premier temps utilisé pour mettre en place une méthode de calcul basée sur la résolution des équations Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes en stationnaire. La convergence de la solution et l’indépendance au maillage et aux paramètres numériques sont étudiées en détail en deux, puis en trois dimensions. La précision importante de la solution numérique permet d’analyser finement la physique de l’enroulement tourbillonnaire en extrémité. Des géométries tronquée et arrondie sont étudiées en détail, et révèlent la présence de systèmes tourbillonnaires complexes. Puis la nouvelle méthode d’adaptation pale en rotation / aile fixe est présentée. Une méthode de calcul hybride est mise au point entre le code de mécanique du vol HOST et le code elsA. En repère fixe, l’aérodynamique globale sur la pale et locale en extrémité est calculée fidèlement pour toutes les configurations étudiées. Comparée aux méthodes d’adaptation précédemment publiées, cette nouvelle stratégie offre une amélioration considérable concernant la simulation de l’aérodynamique de pale. / Helicopter aerodynamics is strongly influenced by the vortices generated from the rotor-blade tips. The design of efficient tip shapes is a challenging task because of the complexity of the aerodynamic phenomena involved and the lack of local blade-tip flow measurements. This work provides a contribution to the design of helicopter tips in hover. An efficient, relatively simple and quick numerical method is set up to study rotating blade tips in fixed-wing configurations. The accuracy of the method is shown at each step of the construction by comprehensive comparisons with reliable experimental data from the literature. First, an efficient steady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes method is constructed using ONERA's elsA code. Comprehensive studies of convergence, grid dependence and sensitivity to the numerical method are performed in two and three dimensions. The very good agreement of the solution with measurements and the accuracy of the numerical method allow a physical analysis with unprecedented detail of the vortex generation and roll-up near square and rounded wing tips. The new methodology of framework adaptation is then presented. An uncoupled hybrid strategy is set up using AIRBUS HELICOPTERS' Comprehensive Analysis code HOST and the Computational Fluid Dynamics solver elsA. Global and local performance calculations are validated for all investigated test cases. Comparison with previously published adaptation methods indicates considerable improvement in the prediction of the blade aerodynamics.