The possibility of profitable multiple year pricing using rollover strategies for com and soybeans is identified. Historical futures price distributions are generated for both commodities to determine the probability of prices reaching certain levels. The upper 5%, 10%, and 15% of the distributions are determined. Price forecasting models are developed to help producers anticipate high price levels before they occur. Seven different multiple year strategies containing various combinations of cash, futures, and options contracts are established and six different strategy rules are tested. A total of fifty strategies are then evaluated for each commodity over the 1980-1992 time period. Mean net prices and standard deviations are calculated and the highest return strategies are identified. The strategies are then analyzed based on the two largest risks associated with long-term rollovers: margin calls and spread risk. The tradeoffs between risk and return for the various combinations of cash, futures, and options contracts is discussed. The highest return strategy for both com and soybeans involves selling three years of production when prices reach the upper 5% of the historical distribution, using cash contracts to price the first year's production and futures contracts to price the final two. Substituting options contracts for futures in the final two years results in a strategy void of margin call risk, but subject to increased spread risk. For com, a strategy that does not carry the risk of margin calls receives 93.7% of the high return strategy, while for soybeans this percentage is 98.3. / Master of Science

Thesis(M.S.)--Auburn University, 2005. / Abstract. Includes bibliographic references.

Thesis(M.S.)--Auburn University, 2007. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographic references.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 23-26, 2000 / Town & Country Hotel and Conference Center, San Diego, California / This paper discusses the successful passage past the Year 2000 (Y2K) Rollover and GPS 1999 (Week Number Roll Over) WNRO. The reasons the glitches seen at those events were relatively minor and the lessons learned to help enter the Third Millennium with careful optimism are reviewed.

This study investigated the rollover behaviors in turning of the tricycle with two front wheels and one rear wheel by neural paralysis. According to the analysis, the researcher fixed radius of gyration and made ride in steady-state turning to obtain the rollover threshold speed of the tricycle. Then we drew different parts of the rollover behaviors with a compuer program, Solidworks. We also decided the steering mechanisms sizes with VB.NET. In Automatic Dynamic Analysis, the researcher identified the rollover problems of the tricycle with the of Mechanical System software (ADAMS). During the researcher, we obtained the highest rollover threshold speed value of the sampling tricycle, and then we adjusted the width, the length of the tricycle. Later on, we adjusted the mass center height of human sizes and the initial rollover threshold speed the tricycle. After getting the best range of rollover threshold speed of the tricycle, the researcher decided appropriate length and height of the bicycle. Finally, we compared rollover behaviors of several different size of new tricycles with the sampling tricycle.

Thesis (M.Eng. (Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering)) -- University of Pretoria, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M. Eng. (Mechanical))--Universiteit van Pretoria, 1999. / Summaries in English and Afrikaans. Includes bibliographical references.

This thesis presents the making and the implementation of a roll stability system for a simulator truck. The purpose of the system is to prevent rollover. The making of the system consists of three parts; calculating the roll angle, calculating a rollover index and constructing the control system. The roll angle was calculated using a one degree of freedom model of the truck with the measured lateral acceleration as input signal. Using the roll angle and the roll rate, a rollover index was calculated. The controller made the truck brake to avoid the impending rollover when the rollover index was at a critical point. The benefits of the system were measured by conducting a study in which test persons drove the simulator truck both with the stability system switched on and switched off. The scenario in the study was carefully constructed so that it would test the system thoroughly. The results were not unambiguous, in some situations the roll stability system prevented roll over, but in others it had the opposite effect. / I den här examensarbetesrapporten presenteras ett rollstabiliseringssystem för tunga fordon framtaget på VTIs (Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut) begäran. Systemet ska användas i VTIs simulator och det ska förhindra att fordonet välter. Utvecklingen av systemet kan delas in i tre större områden; beräkning av fordonets rollvinkel, framtagandet av ett rolloverindex samt skapandet av en regulator. Rollvinkeln är framtagen utifrån en lastbilsmodell med en frihestgrad, och skattades utifrån den mätta sidoaccelerationen. Rollhastigheten i sin tur skattades utifrån rollvinkeln. Ett rolloverindex som anger risken för vältning i varje ögonblick räknades fram med hjälp av rollvinkeln och rollhastigheten. Då indexet indikerar att vältning är nära aktiveras ett reglersystem. Detta system bromsar in lastbilen för att minska vältrisken. Examensarbetet avslutades med en studie utförd i simulatorn där försökspersoner körde både med och utan stabiliseringssytemet inkopplat. Scenariot i studien var speciellt utformat för att testa stabiliseringssystemet. Resultaten var inte entydiga, stabiliseringssystemet hjälpte i vissa situationer men i andra hade det motsatt effekt och fick lastbilen att välta snarare än att förhindra vältningen. Slutligen utvärderades nyttoeffekterna av det framtagna systemet.

Vehicle modeling and simulation have fast become the easiest and cheapest method for vehicle testing. No longer do multiple, intensive, physical tests need be performed to analyze the performance parameters that one wishes to validate. One component of the vehicle simulation that is crucial to the correctness of the result is the tire. Simulations that are run by a computer can be run many times faster than a real test could be performed, so the cost and complexity of the testing is reduced. A computer simulation is also less likely to have human errors introduced with the caveat that the data input into the model and simulation is accurate, or as accurate as one would like their results to be. Simulation can lead to real tests, or back up tests already performed. The repeatability of testing is a non-issue as well. Tire models are the groundwork for vehicle simulations and accurate results cannot be conceived without an accurate model. The reason is that all of the forces transmitted to and from the vehicle to the ground must occur at the tire contact patches. This presents the problem of obtaining a tire model. Tire companies do not readily give out tire data since the tire industry is still as much "black art" as it is science. For tire data one must begin with a testing apparatus. The test rig must be accurate and must have been validated before results can be used. This thesis presents the process of the design and construction of a portable tire test rig. It then will discuss tire testing procedures and validation techniques. The resulting data shows good correlation between test data and known tire test data from flat track testing provided by a tire manufacturer. Then, a simple rollover study of a military truck will be compiled in TruckSim. Lastly, a control method for the rollover case will be designed and implemented. The results of the roll control simulation are positive. The study shows an increase in dynamic roll stability due to the implementation of the control algorithm. / Master of Science

Yes / This paper presents a multi-degrees-of-freedom non-linear multibody dynamic model of a three-axle heavy commercial vehicle tractor unit, comprising a subchassis, front and rear leaf spring suspensions, steering system, and ten wheels/tyres, with a semi-trailer comprising two axles and eight wheels/tyres. The investigation is mainly concerned with the rollover stability of the articulated vehicle. The models incorporate all sources of compliance, stiffness, and damping, all with non-linear characteristics, and are constructed and simulated using automatic dynamic analysis of mechanical systems formulation. A constant radius turn test and a single lane change test (according to the ISO Standard) are simulated. The constant radius turn test shows the understeer behaviour of the vehicle, and the single lane change manoeuvre was conducted to show the transient behaviour of the vehicle. Non-stable roll and yaw behaviour of the vehicle is predicted at test speeds .90 km/h. Rollover stability of the vehicle is also investigated using a constant radius turn test with increasing speed. The articulated laden vehicle model predicted increased understeer behaviour, due to higher load acting on the wheels of the middle and rear axles of the tractor and the influence of the semi-trailer, as shown by the reduced yaw rate and the steering angle variation during the constant radius turn. The rollover test predicted a critical lateral acceleration value where complete rollover occurs. Unstable behaviour of the articulated vehicle is also predicted in the single lane change manoeuvre.