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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

On the margins of the states : contesting Gypsyness and belonging in the Slovak-Ukrainian-Hungarian borderlands and in selected migration contexts

Grill, Jan January 2012 (has links)
This thesis investigates the transnational migration of Slovakian Roma from the eastern borderlands of the European Union to Great Britain. Based on more than two years of ethnographic fieldwork in the village of Tarkovce and in several British cities, this study examines concrete pathways through which Roma come to migrate and experience their movement. For Tarkovce Roma, the most recent migration opportunity offers a potential means to carve out a sense of a viable life and of autonomy amidst the oppressive circumstances and asymmetrical relations they experience with non-Roma dominant groups and non-related Roma. I focus on Tarkovce Roma strivings for existential mobility, which condition their physical movement to the place of destination, and on their hopes for upward socio-economic mobility. I argue that migration enables Roma to contest and re-negotiate the hegemonic racial and social categories which historically place them at the bottom of social hierarchies. The thesis explores the unevenly distributed possibilities and complex inequalities that Tarkovce Roma encounter on their journeys towards realising their hopes in migration. I situate these differences within the daily sociability of Tarkovce Roma, intense webs of kinship and friendship ties, and key concepts of ‘soft hearts' and ‘heaviness.' I describe how Roma migrants come to occupy one of the most vulnerable positions in the British labour market and how they simultaneously, and constantly, search for other ways of making ‘big money.' Finally, I address questions of categorisations, in particular the internal differentiations between Roma, as well as the transformation that many Roma migrants encounter in British cities, from initial ‘invisibility' to ‘visibility'. By focusing on one particular neighbourhood in Glasgow, I analyse the shifting forms of ethno-cultural categorisations that mark Roma/Gypsy difference.
2

Des états et des « roms » : une anthropologie du sujet entre transnationalisme et politiques d’intégration de migrants bulgares en france / States and « Roma » : An anthropology of the subject between transnationalism and integration policies of Bulgarian migrants in France

Clavé-Mercier, Alexandra 05 December 2014 (has links)
Cette thèse explore les liens entre les mobilités transnationales et les expériencessubjectivantes de Roms bulgares dont la vie quotidienne se situe à la fois en Bulgarie eten France. La réflexion porte sur les rapports entre une population et des États-nationsdans différents contextes, en observant le traitement politique spécifique de ces Romsminorisés, appréhendés comme différents et problématiques. Ce travail s’appuie sur uneethnographie translocale et multi-échelle afin de saisir les imbrications micro et macrodans la construction d’un problème public et politique (la « question rom ») commedans les expériences des migrants. D’une part, deux dispositifs politiques spécifiquesmis en place dans une agglomération française ont été observés au long cours etanalysés dans une approche généalogique, politique et ethnographique. D’autre part,plusieurs familles de migrants roms bulgares vivant en squat ont été suivies dans leurexpérience transnationale. En mettant en perspective la politique locale en direction deces migrants, leurs rapports à l’État et leurs dynamiques migratoires, cette thèsecontribue à une anthropologie politique et des migrations. Au-delà de leur captationdans des politiques oscillant entre exclusion et assimilation, en France comme enBulgarie, ces Roms bulgares jouent sur les frontières géographiques, sociales etidentitaires pour se réinventer. L’attention portée aux Roms comme acteurs amène uneréflexion sur leurs processus de subjectivation, entendus comme construction d’un sujetagissant sur lui-même en s’inscrivant dans des rapports de pouvoirs et de domination.Cette recherche constitue donc un apport à l’anthropologie du sujet. / This dissertation explores the links between transnational mobilities and experiences ofsubjectivation of Bulgarian Roma migrants whose daily life is both in Bulgaria andFrance. Reflection is conducted on the relationship between a population and nationstatesin different contexts, by observing the specific policy addressing these Romaperceived as inherently different and problematics. This work is based on a translocaland multi-scale ethnography to capture the linkages between micro and macro levels inthe construction of a public and political issue (the “Roma issue”), as in the experiencesof migrants. First, two specific policy measures put in place in a French locality wereobserved with a long term follow-up and analyzed in a historitical, political andethnographic approach. In addition, several families of Bulgarian Roma migrants livingin squats were followed in their transnational experiences. By putting in perspectivelocal policy towards these migrants, their relationship to State and their migrationdynamics, this thesis contributes both to political anthropology and anthropology ofmobility. In their daily life, these Roma manage to go beyond their enrolment inpolicies ranging from exclusion and assimilation in France as in Bulgaria: they play onthe geographic, social and identity boundaries in order to reinvent itself. Focusing onthe Roma as actors raises questions about their processes of subjectivation. The latterare understood as the ways in which subjects are “made” in action both on themselvesand others within relations of power and domination. This research therefore provides acontribution to the anthropology of the subject.
3

Des arts filmiques en anthropologie. Enquête, expérience et écologie des images en "tsiganie" / Of Filmic Arts in Anthropology. Inquiry, Experience and Ecology of Images in a "Gypsy hood"

Larcher, Jonathan 18 May 2018 (has links)
Cette recherche s’est initialement constituée autour de la réalisation de films documentaires et d’une collecte d’images vernaculaires produites dans le « quartier tsigane » (une « ţigănie ») du village de Dițești, au sud de la Roumanie. Dès le début de l’enquête, mes interlocuteurs m’indiquent que leur tsiganie est peuplée d’images ; des telenovelas, des images domestiques, des « films de commande familiaux », etc. Chaque situation filmée fait ainsi l’objet d’intenses négociations entre des pratiques et des expériences filmiques contrastées. Ce travail de description et de reconstitution de l’expérience vécue et sédimentée des images de mes interlocuteurs, par l’observation de ses ramifications à la fois dans le monde social et dans une histoire et une écologie des images, a successivement pris la forme d’une enquête par les arts filmiques, d’une histoire visuelle et numérique des figures tsiganes des industries culturelles roumaines, et enfin d’une archéologie des pratiques filmiques vernaculaires en ţigănie.Bien que l’échelle de l’analyse soit celle de la monographie, l’enjeu de ce travail est de montrer combien cette forme d’expérience reconfigure la pratique des arts filmiques et élargit le champ phénoménal des différentes traditions de recherche qui composent le domaine de l’anthropologie visuelle (« ethnographie expérimentale », Indigenous media et film ethnographique). En somme, cet ensemble de propositions visuelles et manuscrites considère les arts filmiques comme des outils analytiques permettant de comprendre et faire comprendre l’expérience vécue des personnes filmées et l’agentivité des images dans le monde social que nous habitons. Ce qui implique, c’est à la fois la conclusion de cette recherche et le postulat du manuscrit, de considérer les cinéastes et les interlocuteurs de l’anthropologue comme de véritables observateurs et théoriciens des images et des réalités vécues. Ainsi, en appréhendant les images au prisme de l’expérience des images des enquêtés, cette recherche expose la manière dont les arts filmiques – en tant que pratique et discipline – produisent de nouveaux questionnements anthropologiques. Complémentairement, et de manière plus critique, ce savoir des images invite à reconsidérer avec attention la manière dont les anthropologues (et les cinéastes) délèguent parfois aux technologies de l’image des fonctions descriptives, mémorielles, ou transactionnelles. / This research initially consisted of the production of documentary films and a collection of vernacular images produced in the "Gypsy Quarter" ( "ţigănie") of Diţeşti, a village in the south of Romania. From the start of this investigation, my interlocutors informed me that their ţigănie is populated by images; telenovelas, domestic pictures, “commissioned home movies”, etc. Each filmed situation is therefore the subject of intense negotiations between practices and contrasting filmic experiences. This work is based on a description and the reconstruction of the lived experiences, sedimented with images of my interlocutors. By observing the ramifications of this work, both in the social world and in a history and ecology of images, it has progressively taken the form of an investigation by the filmic arts, a visual and digital history of Gypsy figures of the Romanian cultural industries and an archeology of vernacular film practices in ţigănie. Although the scale of the analysis is that of a monograph, the challenge of this work is to show how this form of experience reconfigures the practice of filmic arts and broadens the phenomenal field of different research traditions that constitute the field of Visual Anthropology ("experimental ethnography", Indigenous media and ethnographic film). In short, this set of visual and textual proposals considers the filmic arts as analytical tools for understanding and making understood the lived experience of filmed people and the agentivity of images in the social world we inhabit. What this thesis proposes, both in its hypothesis and conclusion, is to consider both filmmakers and the anthropologist’s interlocutors as true observers and theoreticians of images and experienced realities. Thus, by understanding images through the experience of the respondents’ images, this research demonstrates the way in which the filmic arts - as a practice and a discipline - generate new anthropological questions. In addition, and more critically, this knowledge of images invites us to reconsider attentively the way in which anthropologists (and filmmakers) sometimes delegate the descriptive, memorial or transactional functions of images to visual technologies.

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