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Cette recherche a pour but d'interpréter la pensée de Jean-Jacques Rousseau en la voyant avant tout comme un mouvement dialectique entre l'idéal et le réel, le premier étant ce que Rousseau désire, le second ce qu'il constate au sujet du monde qui l'entoure. Nous présenterons cette dialectique en trois temps. Tout d'abord, Rousseau critique la société. Secondement, il propose des idéaux - nous en aborderons quatre - pour la réformer et, ce faisant, soulevant lui-même les obstacles qui s'opposent à ces idéaux, il pose des artifices pour les surmonter. Finalement, devant l'inadéquation définitive et nécessaire entre idéal et réel, Rousseau se rétracte dans des constats aussi ternes que conservateurs et, ultimement, fuit la réalité dans une solitude paranoïaque dont témoignent éloquemment ses écrits autobiographiques. Notre conclusion tentera de montrer comment ce parcours sinueux jonché d'artifices et de rétractations est d'une richesse et d'une rareté fort précieuses pour la philosophie.

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published_or_final_version / abstract / Humanities / Master / Master of Philosophy

Texte remanié de : Thèse doctorat : Sciences des textes et documents : Paris 7 : 2000. / Bibliogr. p. [273]-291. Notes bibliogr. Index.

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The idea explored in this thesis is that the Reverie is a distinct literary genre, which found its birth with the realization of the Reveries du Promeneur solitaire by Jean-Jacques Rousseau. The analysis of that text suggests that the literary Reverie is defined by the thoughts it contains about language's power to reflect reality accurately. In this context, Rousseau's book appears to be a place of experimentation in which the author attempts to capture his inner self and the world that surrounds him, as precisely as possible. The notion of referent plays a key role in this study. It is by observing the way Rousseau uses referents of different natures, that we will be able to understand Reverie as a literary genre. We start our study by attempting to define the Reverie as a genre. We then compare it to other literary genres with which it shares similarities. In the following sections, we analyze both the internal and external referents present in Rousseau's text. Nature, people, memories and imagination are some of the referents we consider. We finally observe some referents that are both internal and external. This leads us to understand how Rousseau tries to convey a "total referent" through his Reveries.

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Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação, 2014. / Submitted by Ana Cristina Barbosa da Silva (annabds@hotmail.com) on 2014-12-17T14:51:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_NorbertoMazai.pdf: 741738 bytes, checksum: a2bd074c315b64811684e00925fcbbc2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Raquel Viana(raquelviana@bce.unb.br) on 2014-12-17T15:34:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_NorbertoMazai.pdf: 741738 bytes, checksum: a2bd074c315b64811684e00925fcbbc2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:34:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_NorbertoMazai.pdf: 741738 bytes, checksum: a2bd074c315b64811684e00925fcbbc2 (MD5) / O trabalho de pesquisa se situa em diagnosticar o núcleo germinativo da crítica rousseauniana à sociedade e à cultura de sua época, evidenciando, ao mesmo tempo, o entendimento da tese do autor referente ao "homem natural" e ao "homem social". Rousseau persegue esta crítica orientando-se, especialmente, por uma problemática educacional. Nesse sentido, a análise de algumas passagens do Émile, em especial do livro IV, será de grande importância ao trabalho, já que a referida obra é o marco fundador da tradição pedagógica moderna e, em parte, da tradição filosófica. O Émile também é a apresentação mais elaborada do projeto educacional rousseauniano, desenvolvendo pormenorizadamente, embora de modo assistemático, a teoria da ambiguidade do amor próprio. O objetivo do trabalho consiste em tratar da possível relação tensional entre os conceitos de educação natural, amour de soi-même e amour-propre e, mais precisamente, em investigar o papel que estes dois últimos conceitos desempenham na edificação da condição humana e do projeto de uma educação natural. Do ponto de vista metodológico, a pesquisa assume cunho bibliográfico e será desenvolvida com base na perspectiva hermenêutica. _____________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT / The research paper lies in diagnosing the germinal core of Rousseaunian critique to the society and culture of his time, highlighting at the same time, the understanding of the author's thesis regarding the "natural man" and the "social man". Rousseau pursues this critique orienting himself especially through an educational problematic. In this sense, the analysis of some passages of Èmile, especially in book IV will be of great importance to this paper, since such work is the cornerstone of the modern pedagogical tradition and in part, of the philosophical tradition. Èmile is also the most elaborate presentation of the Rousseaunian educational project, working out in further detail , albeit unsystematically, the theory of the ambiguity of self-esteem. The objective is to deal with the possible tensional relationship between the concepts of natural education, amour de soi-même and amour-propre, and more precisely, to investigate the role that these last two concepts play in building the human condition and the project of a natural education. From a methodological standpoint, the research assumes a bibliographical nature and will be developed based on the hermeneutic perspective.