The aim of this study is not to explain Juan Rulfo in the light of William Faulkner, although the latter's influence among Spanish American writers is unquestionable. Rather, I propose to specifically examine Faulkner's Absalom, Absalom! and Rulfo's Pedro Paramo in comparative terms, since both novels are about the conflict between human desire and reality: they deal with longings, particularly those of Thomas Sutpen and Pedro Paramo, which never achieve ultimate satisfaction, in spite of these central characters' overwhelming and obsessive will to power which creates Sutpen's Hundred and Comala in the image of each protagonist. Each character tries to assume the omnipotence of a god, once his unthinking participation in the existential reality has been destroyed by chance traumatic occurrences. Comparable metamorphic organizing images exist in the two novels: a square and a circle. They represent the protagonists' conception of a protected space/world with an illusory center, born out of desire and representing an ideal which would render meaningful Sutpen's and Paramo's existence. The heart of Sutpen's dream is an heir to continue his dynasty and Paramo is haunted by the idealized Susana whom he claims to be the reason of all his actions. However, the two fabricated worlds are eventually revealed as fictions, and the centers of both structures collapse into the dust of reality. What remains of the two protagonists is only a motionless marble tombstone in a decayed plantation and a crumbled heap of stones in a moribund village. The inheritors of the two worlds are a mulatto idiot and an incestuous couple. After commenting on some critical opinions of the two novels and their protagonists, I trace the conception, the workings, and the collapse, with its consequences, of the two worlds of desire. I follow an approximately chronologial order, although the two texts are anything but chronological.

Orientador: Francisco Foot Hardman / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T20:04:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Moran_YvonneOrtiz_M.pdf: 6530298 bytes, checksum: 71c52d2b5248c66542dcf5e30532d0a7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Esta pesquisa tem por finalidade o estudo sobre como são tecidas as construções espaciais na obra Pedro Páramo, publicada em 1955, do escritor mexicano Juan Rulfo (1917-1986). Este estudo não pretende abordar o espaço como mero cenário no qual acontece a narrativa literária, mas sim como um conjunto indissociável do qual participam, de um lado, objetos geográficos e sociais e, de outro, a vida que os preenche e que os anima. Portanto, neste trabalho não há como delimitar o ambiente sem levarmos em consideração os protagonistas: o espaço não é somente cenário físico e geografia povoados de referentes, mas é também metáfora ou imagem capaz de dar sentido às experiências sociais dos personagens. Por isso nosso objeto de estudo será analisado de forma multifacetada, assumindo aspectos relacionados à estrutura narrativa e à construção de efeitos de sentido dentro da obra literária. O material empírico que serviu de inspiração e ponto de partida para este estudo foi coletado nas viagens ao interior mexicano: Sayula, San Gabriel, Apulco e Tonaya / Abstract: This research aims to study how the spatial constructions works in Pedro Páramo, published in 1955, by the Mexican writer Juan Rulfo (1917-1986). This study is not intended to address the space as a mere case scenario in which the literary narrative, but as an indivisible set which involves, on one hand, geographical and social objects and, on the other, the life that fills and animates them. Therefore, in this work there is no way to define the environment without taking into consideration the protagonists: the space is not only physical landscape and geography of settlements related, but it is also a metaphor or image can make sense of the social experiences of the characters. Therefore, our object of study will be analyzed in a multifaceted way, assuming aspects of the narrative structure and the construction of effect within the meaning of literary work. The empirical material was the inspiration and starting point for this study was collected when traveling to the Mexican Interior: Sayula, San Gabriel, Apulco and Tonaya / Mestrado / Teoria e Critica Literaria / Mestra em Teoria e História Literária

Ernesto est avant tout un roman initiatique qui se déroule dans un contexte historique, celui de la révolution mexicaine au début du XXème siècle. Il évoque une époque difficile en invitant le lecteur à suivre la vie d'une famille vivant dans les montagnes du Jalisco. En ces temps de guerre civile, la religion devint un flambeau pour de nombreux opprimés et leur engagement en son nom les poussa à se battre jusqu'à la mort pour leur salut. La mort est donc omniprésente tout au long du roman. Au-delà d'un simple message de fatalité implicite, elle s'impose aux protagonistes comme une entité propre et incontournable. Ainsi, comme dans Pedro Parâmo de Juan Rulfo ou dans Le soleil des Scorta de Laurent Gaudé, la mort se nourrit de la fiction afin de mieux s'incarner. L'analyse de ces deux romans met en évidence la place de la mort dans la création littéraire et établit un lien direct avec le présent roman.